Juliana Luporini do Nascimento

O campo da Saúde Coletiva na perspectiva das disciplinas

This article discusses the field of Collective Health from the disciplines that structure the curriculum of the Collective Health area postgraduate courses in 2006. From the database of programs, including masters, doctoral and professional masters were classified 1,171 subjects, in what we call disciplinary fields, linking this to the P. Bourdieus notion of champ (field). Twenty-eight disciplinary fields were described, in three large groups. It was concluded that the field of collective health has a wide range of disciplinary fields, especially the frequency: Epidemiology (16%), Humanities and Social Sciences in Health (7.9%); Curriculum (7.9%); Systems and Health Services (7.4%), Environment and Health (7.2%) Health Policies (6.3%).

Assistência à mulher frente à violência sexual e políticas públicas de saúde: revisão integrativa

Objective: To analyze the evidence on scientific production regarding the care for women subjected to sexual violence (SV) focused on their perception as well as that of health professionals and in relation to public health policies in Brazil. Methods: Integrative review study that identified 21 articles in SCIELO, Medline, Lilacs and Redalyc databases published in the period from 2005 to 2016 in Portuguese. The study analyzed the effectiveness of public policies in Brazilian services. The following themes emerged: Health care service for women subjected to SV; Women’s perception of care after SV; Health professionals’ performance in the care of SV victims. Results: The comprehensive care recommended by the Ministry of Health is disrespected in 87.5% of the states in the country due to inadequate outpatient settings and professionals who are not trained to serve women according to the norms. There is a predominance of a traditional and fragmented medical care that values the hegemonic biomedical model of care and neglects preventive and health promotion actions. Women are unaware of their rights and suffer because of a society that still blames them for the sexual assault. Conclusion: There are still obstacles to the effective implementation of policies targeted at the care for women subjected to SV, and health professionals need adequate training and environment to care for them. There is a gap in the scientific production regarding women’s perception of the treatment of SV relating public safety and health in the country.

Incidência e mortalidade por AIDS em crianças e adolescentes: desafios na região sul do Brasil

The objective of this study is to describe the time trend of coefficients of incidence and mortality associated with AIDS in children and adolescents. An ecological time trend study was conducted among individuals under 14 living in the regional context of high incidence of AIDS - Porto Alegre and the State of Rio Grande do Sul - from 1996 to 2012. For this purpose, a segmented regression model was adjusted for age categories and place of residence. AIDS morbidity and mortality indicators in Porto Alegre are still higher than those registered in the State, the southern region and other areas of the country. In Porto Alegre, 59.1% of cases (371/628) occurred in children under four years of age, the incidence showed peaks in the period and the mortality dropped from 9 to 2 per 100,000. A significant decreasing in annual percentage change in mortality was observed especially in children under 1 year of age in Porto Alegre. This drop may be related to prevention and treatment of pregnant women. The challenge is to identify possible fragilities of the STD/AIDS Program and its vulnerable points in order to make specific interventions and investments with a greater impact potential.Resumo O objetivo deste estudo e descrever a tendencia temporal dos coeficientes de incidencia e mortalidade associados a AIDS em criancas e adolescentes. Foi desenvolvido um estudo ecologico de tendencia temporal dos indicadores em menores de 14 anos residentes em contexto regional de alta incidencia de AIDS, Porto Alegre e estado do Rio Grande do Sul, de 1996 a 2012. Para tanto, se ajustou modelo de regressao segmentada para categorias de idade e local de residencia. Os indicadores de morbimortalidade da AIDS em Porto Alegre ainda superam os registrados no estado, na regiao Sul e em outros do pais. Em Porto Alegre, 59,1% dos casos (371/628) ocorreram em menores de quatro anos, a incidencia apresentou picos no periodo e a mortalidade caiu de 9 para 2 por 100 mil. Registrou-se variacao anual percentual decrescente significativa na mortalidade principalmente de menores de 1 ano em Porto Alegre. Esta queda pode estar relacionada com a prevencao e o tratamento de gestantes. Resta identificar possiveis fragilidades do Programa DST/AIDS e seus pontos vulneraveis para intervencoes especificas e investimentos com maior potencial de impacto.