K. Michaeli
University of Graz
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European Journal of Anaesthesiology | 2013
W. Stromer; K. Michaeli; Andreas Sandner-Kiesling
Opioid addiction represents an exaggerated organic and psychological comorbidity and should be regarded as a high-risk problem. Particular features seen perioperatively are tolerance, hyperalgesia and higher analgesic requirement together with physical and psychological withdrawal symptoms. Adequate pain management should have a high priority even for these patients. This review deals with the specific problems of addiction or opioid tolerance in this vulnerable patient group in the perioperative period. In this group are opioid-tolerant chronic pain patients on long-term therapy, addicts with long-term substitution therapy, those currently addicted and those with a previous history of addiction, mainly to heroin. This article intends to simplify the management of drug-dependent patients and offers strategies for perioperative analgesia that include stabilisation of physical dependency by substitution with methadone or &mgr;-agonists; avoidance of stress; use of regional techniques in combination with non-opioids or opioids with higher doses than those used in non-addicts; avoidance of inadequate analgesic dosing; effective use of the opioid-sparing effect of different co-analgesics; and psychological support wherever appropriate. Those caring for abstinent patients should note that an inadequate dosage of analgesics can potentially reactivate addiction. After successful withdrawal of opioids and prolonged abstinence, opioid therapy can result in an exaggerated response.
Schmerz | 2010
A.J. Lederer; H. Bornemann-Cimenti; M. Wejbora; C. Kern-Pirsch; K. Michaeli; Andreas Sandner-Kiesling
ZusammenfassungZahlreiche Studien geben Hinweise darauf, dass Pregabalin antihyperalgetische Eigenschaften besitzt, welche potenziell auch perioperativ genutzt werden könnten. Pregabalin bewirkt durch Bindung am Kalziumkanal eine verminderte Abgabe exzitatorischer Neurotransmitter und in weiterer Folge eine Hemmung der zentralen Sensibilisierung. In zahlreichen Tierversuchen konnte diese antihyperalgetische Potenz von Pregabalin gezeigt werden. Studien an Menschen sind hingegen inkonklusiv. Klinische Studien mit quantitativer sensorischer Testung wurden bisher nicht durchgeführt.Obwohl theoretisch gut begründbar, kann der routinemäßige perioperative Einsatz von Pregabalin zur Prävention von Hyperalgesie aufgrund mangelnder klinischer Studien derzeit nicht empfohlen werden. Zukünftige Studien sollten so konzipiert sein, dass neben Standardzielgrößen wie Schmerzintensität und Opioidverbrauch auch sekundäre Hyperalgesie- und Allodyniezonen erfasst werden.AbstractNumerous studies support the theory that pregabalin causes an antihyperalgesic effect, which could be potentially beneficial in a perioperative setting. By binding to calcium channels pregabalin reduces the release of excitatory neurotransmitters and therefore inhibits central sensitization. Animal studies clearly demonstrated the antihyperalgesic potency of pregabalin but human experiments are, however, inconclusive. Clinical studies with quantitative sensory testing have not yet been published.Although strongly supported by theoretical considerations the routine preoperative application of pregabalin for the prevention of hyperalgesia cannot be recommended due to the lack of clinical studies. Future studies should incorporate secondary hyperalgesia and allodynia as primary parameters.
Schmerz | 2011
A.J. Lederer; H. Bornemann-Cimenti; M. Wejbora; C. Kern-Pirsch; K. Michaeli; Andreas Sandner-Kiesling
ZusammenfassungZahlreiche Studien geben Hinweise darauf, dass Pregabalin antihyperalgetische Eigenschaften besitzt, welche potenziell auch perioperativ genutzt werden könnten. Pregabalin bewirkt durch Bindung am Kalziumkanal eine verminderte Abgabe exzitatorischer Neurotransmitter und in weiterer Folge eine Hemmung der zentralen Sensibilisierung. In zahlreichen Tierversuchen konnte diese antihyperalgetische Potenz von Pregabalin gezeigt werden. Studien an Menschen sind hingegen inkonklusiv. Klinische Studien mit quantitativer sensorischer Testung wurden bisher nicht durchgeführt.Obwohl theoretisch gut begründbar, kann der routinemäßige perioperative Einsatz von Pregabalin zur Prävention von Hyperalgesie aufgrund mangelnder klinischer Studien derzeit nicht empfohlen werden. Zukünftige Studien sollten so konzipiert sein, dass neben Standardzielgrößen wie Schmerzintensität und Opioidverbrauch auch sekundäre Hyperalgesie- und Allodyniezonen erfasst werden.AbstractNumerous studies support the theory that pregabalin causes an antihyperalgesic effect, which could be potentially beneficial in a perioperative setting. By binding to calcium channels pregabalin reduces the release of excitatory neurotransmitters and therefore inhibits central sensitization. Animal studies clearly demonstrated the antihyperalgesic potency of pregabalin but human experiments are, however, inconclusive. Clinical studies with quantitative sensory testing have not yet been published.Although strongly supported by theoretical considerations the routine preoperative application of pregabalin for the prevention of hyperalgesia cannot be recommended due to the lack of clinical studies. Future studies should incorporate secondary hyperalgesia and allodynia as primary parameters.
Nervenarzt | 2011
H. Bornemann-Cimenti; M. Wejbora; K. Michaeli; Claudia Kern-Pirsch; Andreas Sandner-Kiesling
Recent literature demonstrates that pain in patients with dementia is often undertreated. This can partially be explained by a lack of training in the possibilities of assessing pain in patients with dementia. Subjective reports are the most valid approach for the assessment of the subjective experience of pain and should therefore be preferred over other methods. The assessment of the context, behavior, and physiological markers is advised if the patient is unable to provide a subjective report. Pain assessment scales are useful for documentation and monitoring.ZusammenfassungRezente Studien zeigen, dass gerade demente Patienten häufig eine insuffiziente Schmerztherapie erhalten. Als Grund dafür kann zum Teil sicherlich eine geringe Aufklärung des betreuenden Personals über den Einsatz und die Möglichkeiten der Schmerzerfassung bei dementen Patienten postuliert werden.Selbstbeurteilungsskalen stellen die valideste Methode zur Schmerzevaluation dar und sollten wann immer möglich primär angeboten werden. Beobachtungen der Situation, des Verhaltens und von physiologischen Markern können unterstützend genutzt werden, wenn die kognitiven Fähigkeiten eine Selbstbeurteilung nicht mehr zulassen. Fremdbeurteilungsskalen erleichtern Dokumentation und Verlaufskontrolle.SummaryRecent literature demonstrates that pain in patients with dementia is often undertreated. This can partially be explained by a lack of training in the possibilities of assessing pain in patients with dementia.Subjective reports are the most valid approach for the assessment of the subjective experience of pain and should therefore be preferred over other methods. The assessment of the context, behavior, and physiological markers is advised if the patient is unable to provide a subjective report. Pain assessment scales are useful for documentation and monitoring.
Nervenarzt | 2012
H. Bornemann-Cimenti; M. Wejbora; K. Michaeli; C. Kern-Pirsch; Andreas Sandner-Kiesling
Recent literature demonstrates that pain in patients with dementia is often undertreated. This can partially be explained by a lack of training in the possibilities of assessing pain in patients with dementia. Subjective reports are the most valid approach for the assessment of the subjective experience of pain and should therefore be preferred over other methods. The assessment of the context, behavior, and physiological markers is advised if the patient is unable to provide a subjective report. Pain assessment scales are useful for documentation and monitoring.ZusammenfassungRezente Studien zeigen, dass gerade demente Patienten häufig eine insuffiziente Schmerztherapie erhalten. Als Grund dafür kann zum Teil sicherlich eine geringe Aufklärung des betreuenden Personals über den Einsatz und die Möglichkeiten der Schmerzerfassung bei dementen Patienten postuliert werden.Selbstbeurteilungsskalen stellen die valideste Methode zur Schmerzevaluation dar und sollten wann immer möglich primär angeboten werden. Beobachtungen der Situation, des Verhaltens und von physiologischen Markern können unterstützend genutzt werden, wenn die kognitiven Fähigkeiten eine Selbstbeurteilung nicht mehr zulassen. Fremdbeurteilungsskalen erleichtern Dokumentation und Verlaufskontrolle.SummaryRecent literature demonstrates that pain in patients with dementia is often undertreated. This can partially be explained by a lack of training in the possibilities of assessing pain in patients with dementia.Subjective reports are the most valid approach for the assessment of the subjective experience of pain and should therefore be preferred over other methods. The assessment of the context, behavior, and physiological markers is advised if the patient is unable to provide a subjective report. Pain assessment scales are useful for documentation and monitoring.
Nervenarzt | 2012
H. Bornemann-Cimenti; M. Wejbora; K. Michaeli; C. Kern-Pirsch; Andreas Sandner-Kiesling
Recent literature demonstrates that pain in patients with dementia is often undertreated. This can partially be explained by a lack of training in the possibilities of assessing pain in patients with dementia. Subjective reports are the most valid approach for the assessment of the subjective experience of pain and should therefore be preferred over other methods. The assessment of the context, behavior, and physiological markers is advised if the patient is unable to provide a subjective report. Pain assessment scales are useful for documentation and monitoring.ZusammenfassungRezente Studien zeigen, dass gerade demente Patienten häufig eine insuffiziente Schmerztherapie erhalten. Als Grund dafür kann zum Teil sicherlich eine geringe Aufklärung des betreuenden Personals über den Einsatz und die Möglichkeiten der Schmerzerfassung bei dementen Patienten postuliert werden.Selbstbeurteilungsskalen stellen die valideste Methode zur Schmerzevaluation dar und sollten wann immer möglich primär angeboten werden. Beobachtungen der Situation, des Verhaltens und von physiologischen Markern können unterstützend genutzt werden, wenn die kognitiven Fähigkeiten eine Selbstbeurteilung nicht mehr zulassen. Fremdbeurteilungsskalen erleichtern Dokumentation und Verlaufskontrolle.SummaryRecent literature demonstrates that pain in patients with dementia is often undertreated. This can partially be explained by a lack of training in the possibilities of assessing pain in patients with dementia.Subjective reports are the most valid approach for the assessment of the subjective experience of pain and should therefore be preferred over other methods. The assessment of the context, behavior, and physiological markers is advised if the patient is unable to provide a subjective report. Pain assessment scales are useful for documentation and monitoring.
Schmerz | 2011
A.J. Lederer; H. Bornemann-Cimenti; M. Wejbora; C. Kern-Pirsch; K. Michaeli; Andreas Sandner-Kiesling
ZusammenfassungZahlreiche Studien geben Hinweise darauf, dass Pregabalin antihyperalgetische Eigenschaften besitzt, welche potenziell auch perioperativ genutzt werden könnten. Pregabalin bewirkt durch Bindung am Kalziumkanal eine verminderte Abgabe exzitatorischer Neurotransmitter und in weiterer Folge eine Hemmung der zentralen Sensibilisierung. In zahlreichen Tierversuchen konnte diese antihyperalgetische Potenz von Pregabalin gezeigt werden. Studien an Menschen sind hingegen inkonklusiv. Klinische Studien mit quantitativer sensorischer Testung wurden bisher nicht durchgeführt.Obwohl theoretisch gut begründbar, kann der routinemäßige perioperative Einsatz von Pregabalin zur Prävention von Hyperalgesie aufgrund mangelnder klinischer Studien derzeit nicht empfohlen werden. Zukünftige Studien sollten so konzipiert sein, dass neben Standardzielgrößen wie Schmerzintensität und Opioidverbrauch auch sekundäre Hyperalgesie- und Allodyniezonen erfasst werden.AbstractNumerous studies support the theory that pregabalin causes an antihyperalgesic effect, which could be potentially beneficial in a perioperative setting. By binding to calcium channels pregabalin reduces the release of excitatory neurotransmitters and therefore inhibits central sensitization. Animal studies clearly demonstrated the antihyperalgesic potency of pregabalin but human experiments are, however, inconclusive. Clinical studies with quantitative sensory testing have not yet been published.Although strongly supported by theoretical considerations the routine preoperative application of pregabalin for the prevention of hyperalgesia cannot be recommended due to the lack of clinical studies. Future studies should incorporate secondary hyperalgesia and allodynia as primary parameters.
European Journal of Anaesthesiology | 2011
H. Bornemann-Cimenti; M. Wejbora; K. Michaeli; C. Foussek; C. Maier; Andreas Sandner-Kiesling
was to assess the risk of burnout among anaesthesiologists of our hospital and to identify the main drivers of the three dimensions of the syndrome. Materials and Methods: We used self-reporting questionnaires to assess burnout syndrome and personal, work, organizational and social characteristics of a group of anaesthesiologists. The relationship between analysed variables and burnout syndrome was measured using the Pearson’s correlation test. Cronbach’s Alpha was calculated to evaluate internal consistency. We considered statistical significance for p < 0.05. Results and Discussion: The population was 95 anaesthesiologists. The participation rate was 99% (n=94). We found correlation between EE and the number of hours af ter which people feel tired (-0,246; p=0,019); satisfaction with work conditions (-0,419; p=0,001); conflicts with surgeons (0,258; p=0,013); health status (0,324; p=0,02); have been sick the previous year (0,304; p=0,003); felling depressed (0,506; p< 0,001); practicing sports (0,295; p= 0,004) and not having an hobby (0,229; p=0,028). DP was correlated with age (-0,209; p=0,046); not doing urgency service (-0,232; p=0,026) and taking sedatives or antidepressant drugs (0,255; p=0,014). RPA was correlated with satisfaction with work conditions (0,242; p=0,020); practicing sports (0,228; p=0,029) and not having an hobby (0,221; p=0,035).The mean values for EE, DP and RPA were 19,67 (SD 9,46); 6,61 (SD 5,62) and 36,18 (SD 6,75). The mean value of MBI was 62,72 (SD 13,05).The highest level of EE, DP and RPA was observed in 26%, 18% and 19% respectively. Of all the studied population, 41% scored high grade in at least one of the dimensions and 3% scored high grade simultaneously on all three subscales of MBI. The values of Cronbach Alpha were 0,89 for EE; 0,80 for DP and 0,83 for RPA. Conclusion: In significant contrast with data already published concerning Portuguese anaesthesiologists, we found a reduced percentage of EE, DP and RPA. Our study main strength is its high rate of responders and internal consistency.
Minerva Anestesiologica | 2016
H. Bornemann-Cimenti; M. Wejbora; K. Michaeli; Edler A; Andreas Sandner-Kiesling
European Journal of Anaesthesiology | 2013
W. Stromer; K. Michaeli; Andreas Sandner-Kiesling