K. V. Syamasundar

Antihepatotoxic principles of Phyllanthus niruri herbs

Among phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, triacontanal and tricontanol isolated from a hexane extract of Phyllanthus niruri, phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin protected against carbon tetrachloride- and galactosamine-induced cytotoxicity in primary cultured rat hepatocytes, while triacontanal was protective only against galactosamine-induced toxicity.

A new sesquiterpene alcohol from Pterocarpus marsupium

Abstract The petrol extract of Pterocarpus marsupium afforded a new sesquiterpene alcohol of the eudesmane type, selin-4(15)-en-1β,11-diol, besides β-eudesmol, erythrodiol-3-monoacetate and pterostilbene.

Volatile flower oils of three genotypes of rose‐scented geranium (Pelargonium sp.)

The volatile flower oils of three genotypes of rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium sp.) commercially cultivated at a high altitude (2200 m above MSL) location (Kodaikanal) in India were investigated by GC and GC–MS. Freshly collected flowers of genotypes 1, 2 and 3 on distillation produced oil yields of 0.32%, 0.34% and 0.50%, respectively. The flower oil of genotype 1 was richer in α-pinene (1.7%), (Z) and (E)-rose oxides (1.3% and 0.6%), isomenthone (6.8%), citronellol (43.8%), citronellyl formate (20.4%), citronellyl acetate (1.0%), β-caryophyllene (2.6%), citronellyl butyrate (2.1%) and citronellyl tiglate (1.9%). The flower oil of genotype 2 was richer in terpinen-4-ol (1.3%), geranyl formate (3.6%), β-bourbonene (1.2%), α-muurolene (1.3%), geranyl isovalerate (0.9%), 10-epi-γ-eudesmol (4.6%) and geranyl tiglate (2.9%). The flower oil of genotype 3 was richer in linalol (7.6%), geraniol (38.6%), geranyl acetate+geranic acid (5.2%), β-phenylethyl butyrate (4.6%), 6,9-guaiadiene (2.3%) and α-humulene (1.5%). Copyright

Composition of Indian Curry Leaf Oil

Abstract The essential oil of Indian curry leaf (Murraya koenigii Spreng.) collected from two different places in India has been investigated for its composition by GC and GC/MS. The oils from the two places were found to contain mostly monoterpenes and oxygenated monoterpenes. The main constituents of the oil identified are α-pinene (19.0–19.7%), sabinene (31.8–44.8%), β-pinene (4.2–4.7%), α-terpinene (1.3–4.3%), β-phellandrene (6.5–7.9%), γ-terpinene (3–9-7.1%) and terpinen-4-ol (5.2–9-9%).

Agronomical and Chemical Studies on Tagetes minuta Grown in a Red Soil of a Semiarid Tropical Region in India

Abstract The agronomic performance and chemical composition of Tagetes minuta L. was evaluated in a new agro-climatic region of semiarid tropical India. T minuta performed well under these conditions and responded to application of 50 kg N/ha. Analysis of the leaf and flower oils by GC revealed that the leaf oil contained dihydrotagetone (6l.0%) and (Z)-tagetone (16.1%), while the flower oil was rich in (Z)-β-ocimene (47.9%) and (Z)-tagetenone (19–6%).

Essential Oil Composition of Artemisia annua L. ‘Asha’ from the Plains of Northern India

Abstract Artemisia annua L. ‘Asha’ was grown in agro-climatic conditions of north Indian plains in Lucknow. The aerial parts on hydrodistillation gave 0.53% of an oil on a fresh weight basis. GC and GC/MS analysis of the oil resulted in the identification of 64 constituents, representing 95.4% of the oil. Artemisia ketone (52.9%), 1, 8-cineole (8.4%) and camphor (6.0%) were the major constituents. It is suggested that A. annua ‘Asha’ can be grown as an economically viable crop in the northern plains of India.

Triterpenoids of the resin of Bursera delpechiana

Abstract Two new triterpenoids, 11-oxo-acetyl ursolic acid and 11-oxo-ursolic acid have been isolated from the resin of Bursera delpechiana, together with α-amyrin, 3β-acetoxyurs-11-en-28,13-olide, acetyl ursolic acid, ursonic acid and ursolic acid.

Essential Oil Composition of Tagetes minuta L. Fruits

Abstract Hydrodistilled essential oil of the dried mature fruits containing seeds of Tagetes minuta was analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Twenty-four constituents making up 93.7% of the oil were identifi ed. The major compounds were limonene + β-phellandrene (4.7%), (Z)- β-ocimene (36.8%), dihydrotagetone + (E)- β-ocimene (15.5%), (Z)-tagetone (17.1%), (Z)-tagetenone (3.0%) and (E)-tagetenone (7.5%).

Structure Elucidation of Pterosupin from Pterocarpus marsupium, the First Naturally Occurring C-Glycosyl-β-hydroxy-dihydrochalcone

Abstract The chemical examination of Pterocarpusm arsupium root afforded pterosupin, a new C-glu-cosyl-β-hydroxydihydrochalcone along with pseudobaptigenin, liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin, garbanzol, 5-deoxy-kaempferol and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde.

Effect of method of distillation on the yield and chemical composition of Artemisia annua essential oil

Flowering shoot biomass of Artemisia annua var. Jeevanraksha grown under the semi-arid tropical climate of Hyderabad, South India, and distilled by field- and hydro-distillation techniques produced 0.26% and 0.35% essential oil yields on a fresh weight basis, respectively. Gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (GC–FID) and GC/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses yielded fifty-four constituents accounting for 95.8% and 92.0% of the oils in field and hydro-distillations, respectively. The major compounds of the field-distilled oil were: camphor (23.6%), β-caryophyllene (16.6%), α-humulene (5.4%) and germacrene D (17.0%). The principal components of the hydro-distilled oil were: 1,8-cineole (11.1%), camphor (36.6%), β-caryophyllene (5.7%) and germacrene D (5.9%). Aliphatic ketones (37.7%), monoterpene hydrocarbons (11.2%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (19.9%) were higher in the hydro-distilled oil. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (54.1%) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (6.8%) were present in large amounts in the field-distilled oil.