Kalamullah Ramli

Performance evaluation AODV routing protocol on ad hoc hybrid network testbed using PDAs

This paper presents our work on the test bed implementation of hybrid ad hoc network. In mobile ad hoc network (MANET), nodes are equipped with wireless device which provides self-managing and self-organizing capability, even when there is no network infrastructure present. Ad hoc hybrid network which enables mobile nodes to form instant communication without depending on infrastructure network can communicate with the other devices through LAN or Internet. The function of ad hoc network is very much dependent on the routing protocol that determines the path between nodes in network. ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) is a kind of a reactive routing protocol for ad hoc network. This protocol is the most popular and widely used routing protocol in research and deployment. In this work, we review and implement AODV routing protocol in a testbed consisting of some PCs, laptops (using Linux Red Hat 9.0 and Fedora Core 2), and PDAs Hewlett Packard iPAQ 5550 series (using Linux Familiar v0.7.2 with Opie 1.2). We particularly focus on the AODV-UU routing protocol. We provide packages (by cross compiling) AODV for PocketPC (PDA), and evaluate the packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay, and routing overhead of different ad-hoc hybrid network topologies. The testbed implementation result for the average packet delivery ratio is 99.57%, and the end-to-end delay is 1.004 s and the routing overhead is 1,360.36 bps.

Delay bound analysis for hybrid network: IEEE 802.1 lg ERP-OFDM WLAN over fiber

The convergence between WLAN and optical fiber has created a new challenge in network design. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive design simulation of hybrid network concerning the timeout of ACK and CTS, which determine the maximum length of optical fiber. Then, the result of simulation is used to predict the delay bound of inter-devices WLAN.

Concept and Design of SEES (Smart Environment Explorer Stick) for Visually Impaired Person Mobility Assistance

With the advent of robot companion concept, the independent mobility became one of the hottest problem in general, and allows make progress on the independent mobility of the Visually Impaired Person (VIP). Today, this latter is based mainly on two elements: the white stick and VIPs memory. However, the feedback provided by a white cane, even an enhanced one (a smart stick), is not adequate to the principle of autonomy and to the growing complexity of our cities. Therefore, new capabilities such as orientation and space awareness should be acquired by VIP. The first prototype of SEES (SEE-stick and SEE-phone) is presented in this paper. This paper: (1) introduces concepts of orientation and space awareness, (2) outlines the architecture of the SEES (Smart Environment Explorer Stick), an enhanced white cane, which assists the VIP’s to acquire orientation and space awareness capabilities, and (3) discusses the SEES possible implementation (SEES hardware and software first prototype).

Packet loss analysis in finite buffer with ATDMA single channel output scheme for broadband PLC network

Broadband PLC network is potentially used to deploy synchrophasor-sensor network in monitoring and distributedly controlling the electric power distribution network in order to accelerate power grid into smart grid transform. However, data traffic characteristic is largely affected by either electric power system dynamics or electric power load variation. Therefore, the statistical data information of network condition is an important issue of electric power distribution network. However, measly research is working out of this area [17]. Hence, this paper proposes data traffic from the entire node sensors arriving at intermediate buffer as a queuing model which is approached by Batch Markov Arrival Process (BMAP), and is analyzed as packet loss queuing in finite buffer. Single channel output transmission of the buffer is viewed as single server of queue within Asynchronous Time Division Multiple Access (ATDMA) scheme. The finite buffer size affects data packet loss. The severe packet loss occurs whenever the data packet arrived continuously at a full buffer. Based on our simulation for arrival rate 30 up to 35 Mbps, it shows that at buffer capacity of 4 MB and 16 MB, data packet-loss probability arises rapidly within 3.0 % and 0.08 %, respectively. The large data packet loss probability occurs when the arrival rate quite heavy, about 48 to 49 Mbps, in such conditions increasing buffer capacity offers very small improvement to packet loss.

QoS experimentation analysis on the impact of user mobility on video streaming application over mobile IPv6 network

This paper describes and analyses the impact of user mobility on the QoS of video streaming application in mobile IPv6 network. Mobile IPv6 testbed is built according to RFC 3775. QoS parameters such as throughput, delay, and jitter, are measured and compared. Two scenarios are considered. Those are when mobile node moves inside its own link and when it is in handover process. The measuring process is conducted during the delivery of video streaming application, by capturing packets of data flowing and traversing mobile IPv6 network testbed. Packet filtering is performed to get the exact value of QoS parameters in UDP datagram packets. The result in each of the scenario is compared and analyzed to get the conclusion. The results show that the QoS of the mobile node that moves inside its own cell-regardless of its distance to the information source and how weakness the signal link is- is similar to QoS of the stationary node. The QoS of handover scenario is lower than the other scenario due connection reestablishment process between mobile node and correspondent node. We also find that QoS of mobile node returning to its home cell is similar to QoS of mobile node moving inside its own link.

Overview of Smart White Canes: Connected Smart Cane from Front End to Back End

There are 285 million visually impaired people (VIP) worldwide, among whom 39 million are blind (WHO 2014).

Novel Approach for Evaluating Video Transmission using Combined Scalable Video Coding over Wireless Broadband Network

Basis test paths is a method that uses a graph contains nodes as a representation of codes and the lines as a sequence of code execution steps. Determination of basis test paths can be generated using a Genetic Algorithm, but the drawback was the number of iterations affect the possibility of visibility of the appropriate basis path. When the iteration is less, there is a possibility the paths do not appear all. Conversely, if the iteration is too much, all the paths have appeared in the middle of iteration. This research aims to optimize the performance of Genetic Algorithms for the generation of Basis Test Paths by determining how many iterations level corresponding to the characteristics of the code. Code metrics Node, Edge, VG, NBD, LOC were used as features to determine the number of iterations. J48 classifier was employed as a method to predict the number of iterations. There were 17 methods have selected as a data training, and 16 methods as a data test. The system was able to predict 84.5% of 58 basis paths. Efficiency test results also show that our system was able to seek Basis Paths 35% faster than the old system.A single-fed linearly polarized 2x2 microstrip bow tie array antenna is proposed. The feed network has microstrip line and slot line where microstrip-slot branch circuit is connected in parallel. The feed network of the array is designed using both-sided MIC Technology to overcome the impedance matching problem of conventional feed networks. The 2x2 half bow tie array antenna is also truncated with spur lines for optimization of antenna performance. The array antenna unit can be realized in very simple and compact structure, as all the antenna elements and the feeding circuit is arranged on a Teflon glass fiber substrate without requiring any external network. The design frequency of the proposed antenna is 5 to 8 GHz (C-Band) and the obtained peak gain is 12.41 dBi. The resultant axial ratio indicates that linear polarization is achieved.This paper presents a novel method for QRS detection. To accomplish this task ECG signal was first filtered by using a third order Savitzky Golay filter. The filtered ECG signal was then preprocessed by a Wavelet based denoising in a real-time fashion to minimize the undefined noise level. R-peak was then detected from denoised signal after wavelet denoising. Windowing mechanism was also applied for finding any missing R-peaks. All the 48 records have been used to test the proposed method. During this testing, 99.97% sensitivity and 99.99% positive predictivity is obtained for QRS complex detection.

Real time DNS traffic profiling enhanced detection design for national level network

A recent study shows, an investigation of Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) activity can be done effectively through malicious DNS traffic analysis. But, most of the experiments are conducted in a limited, simulated environment e.g. small campus network. Since APT is very dynamic and to address traffic grows, a light weight computation architecture is then needed to profile suspected activity in near real time. In this study, we proposed an enhanced design to detect malicious DNS traffic for high speed, large scale, national level, near real time network. This experiment combines available open source solution tools in order to gain real time, better accuracy of anomaly recognition and faster detection.

Optimizing PID TCP/AQM using nelder-mead simplex approach

This paper presents a Nelder-Mead Simplex (NMS) method to find the optimal parameters of PID controller for TCP/AQM router system. This approach has not been used by other TCP/AQM research works. Network system response is analyzed by control theory approach. Performance criteria are used to obtained the best value of PID parameters. The parameter is then compared with initial parameter tuning by Matlab Toolbox. A simulation study shows that NMS with ITAE criterion is effective and outperforms other criteria to handle congestion in network system with very only slight overshoot and offers faster response.

Mal-Xtract: Hidden Code Extraction using Memory Analysis

Software packer has been used effectively to hide the original code inside a binary executable, making it more difficult for existing signature based anti malware software to detect malicious code inside the executable. A new method of written and rewritten memory section is introduced to to detect the exact end time of unpacking routine and extract original code from packed binary executable using Memory Analysis running in an software emulated environment. Our experiment results show that at least 97% of the original code from the various binary executable packed with different software packers could be extracted. The proposed method has also been successfully extracted hidden code from recent malware family samples.