Kanika Singh Dhull

Pathogenesis and nomenclature of odontogenic carcinomas: revisited.

Odontogenic carcinoma is rare group of malignant epithelial odontogenic neoplasms with characteristic clinical behavior and histological features, which requires an aggressive surgical approach. The pathogenesis of this rare group remains still controversial and there have been many varied opinions over the classification of this rare group of lesions. As there have not been many reviews on odontogenic carcinoma, the existing knowledge is mostly derived from the published case reports. This review is discussing the pathogenetic mechanisms and is updating the knowledge on nomenclature system of less explored odontogenic carcinomas. This review might throw light on the pathogenesis and nomenclature system of odontogenic carcinoma and this knowledge may be applied therapeutically.

Bilateral mandibular paramolars.

ABSTRACT Supernumerary tooth is a developmental anomaly and has been argued to arise from multiple etiologies. These teeth may remain embedded in the alveolar bone or can erupt into the oral cavity. They can cause a variety of complications in the developing dentition. Supernumerary teeth can present in various forms and in any region of the mandible or maxilla, but have a predisposition for the anterior maxilla. Here is the presentation of a case of unusual location of supernumerary teeth located in between mandibular first and second molar region bilaterally. How to cite this article: Dhull KS, Dhull RS, Panda S, Acharya S, Yadav S, Mohanty G. Bilateral Mandibular Paramolars. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2014;7(1):40-42.

Foreign Body in Root Canals of Two Adjacent Deciduous Molars: A Case Report

ABSTRACT Children often tend to have the habit of inserting foreign objects in the oral cavity unknowingly for relief of dental pain. Sometimes, children do not reveal to their parents due to fear. These foreign objects may act as a potent source of infection and painful condition. The discovery of foreign bodies in the teeth is a special situation, which is often diagnosed accidentally. Detailed case history, clinical and radiographic examinations are necessary to come to a conclusion about the nature, size, location of the foreign body and the difficulty involved in its retrieval. Here is a case report, where foreign object was accidentally lodged in the carious deciduous molars by a child. How to cite this article: Dhull KS, Acharya S, Ray P, Dhull RS. Foreign Body in Root Canals of Two Adjacent Deciduous Molars: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(1):38-39.

Invasive Cervical Resorption: An Insidious Form of External Tooth Resorption

Invasive cervical resorption (ICR) is an unusual form of external root resorption which initiates below the epithelial attachment and coronal aspect of supporting alveolar process to be precise zone of connective tissue attachment. It has an unclear etiology leading to its non diagnosis or misdiagnosis as a pink tooth (internal resorption). Dr. Geoffrey Heithersay contributed immensely in diagnosis and clinical classification of ICR into 4 stages based on its clinical, pathological and radiological finding and potential pre-disposing factors. These lesions can be treated by either non surgical or surgical intervention depending upon the access of the lesion or its progress towards pulp. Management of lesions of ICR should be treated with a primary objectives of i) Inactivation of all resorbing tissues and ii) Reconstruction or resorptive tooth defect by an ideal restorative material or biological systems. Earlier is the diagnosis more successful is the outcome of management of invasive cervical resorption. This article reviews on diagnosis of ICR, correlating it with its clinical, radiological and histo-pathological findings along with management in brief.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice toward Infant Oral Healthcare among the Pediatricians of Mysore: A Questionnaire Survey.

ABSTRACT Background: The aim of this study was to study the knowledge, attitude and practice of the pediatricians toward infant oral healthcare and the objective was to determine what can improve the knowledge, attitude and practice toward infant oral healthcare. Materials and methods: A systematic random survey of pediatricians in Mysore received a questionnaire pertaining to individual details, knowledge level and approach toward infant oral healthcare. Results: Most of pediatricians acknowledged the importance of pediatric dentistry. Pediatricians agree that it is important to do dental examination before 1 year. The importance of initiating oral hygiene practice before the eruption of first tooth was not seen to be prevalent among the pediatricians. Most of them were less aware of the first dental visit including early childhood caries (ECC). All pediatricians agree that both medical and dental professionals together are responsible for infant oral healthcare. They should work together to appropriately educate and train themselves to be able to provide risk assessment and to provide preventive oral health services. How to cite this article: Indira MD, Dhull KS, Nandlal B. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice toward Infant Oral Healthcare among the Pediatricians of Mysore: A Questionnaire Survey. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2015;8(3):211-214.

Oro-facial-digital syndrome Type 1: A case report

Oro-Facial Digital Syndrome (OFDS) is a generic term for group of apparently distinctive genetic diseases that affect the development of the oral cavity, facial features, and digits. One of these is OFDS type I (OFDS-I) which has rarely been reported in Asian countries. This is the case report of a 13 year old patient with OFDS type I who reported to the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, with the complaint of discolored upper front teeth.

Prevalence of Deleterious Oral Habits among 3- to 5-year-old Preschool Children in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

Aim Oral habits during and beyond preschool age are one of the important etiological factors in developing malocclusion and other ill effects on orofacial structures. The objective of the present study was to know the prevalence of deleterious oral habits among 3- to 5-year-old preschool children in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among preschool children, in the age group of 3 to 5 years in the city of Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. To carry out this study, six private schools, two from each of the three electoral constituency, were selected using cluster sampling technique. A total of 500 students, studying in LKG and UKG and their respective mothers/caregivers were selected for the study as per the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Prevalence of different oral habits in children was calculated from the data obtained. Using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 17.0 software, Chi-square test was applied to compare the differences present between boys and girls and their significant values (p < 0.05). Results The result of this study showed a high prevalence of oral habits (36%) among preschool children in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. Lip biting was found to be the most prevalent habit (13.4%), followed closely by thumb sucking (12.8%), bruxism (12.8%), and mouth breathing (11%). Conclusion The study revealed a great dearth of a well-established dental education program for preschool children as well as their parents, caretakers, teachers, and pediatricians in order to provide an effective and timely care to the children. How to cite this article: Dhull KS, Verma T, Dutta B. Prevalence of Deleterious Oral Habits among 3- to 5-year-old Preschool Children in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018;11(3):210-213.

Quantification and measurement of changes in anxiety level in preschool children and their mothers through multiple-visit dental treatment

Aim: The aims of the present study were to quantify anxiety and find the level of anxiety in the very 1st day of dental treatment and the pattern of change in the following visits and to find possible impact of maternal anxiety during dental treatment of their wards. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 297 children aged 3–6 years visiting the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry of Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital for treatment. In addition, accompanying parents were also included in the study. The blood pressure and heart rate of the participants were recorded at three visits with a digital blood pressure and heart rate monitor with wrist cuff (Omron; Japan). The same instrument and the same procedure were employed for the mothers also. Blood pressures and pulse rates so recorded were tabulated according to age and were made ready for statistical analysis using the SPSS version 12 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinosis, USA) software. Results: There was a significant difference in blood pressure and heart rate of children in the subsequent visits. Conclusion: The majority of the children suffered from anxiety on the 1st day of treatment which gradually diminished in the subsequent visits. Maternal anxiety was also highest in the initial visit which gradually came down in the subsequent visits.

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of various Intracanal Medicaments in Primary Teeth: An in vivo Study

Introduction Bacteria and their products play a primary etiological role in the initiation and perpetuation of pulpoperiapical pathosis. Intracanal medication is important for endodontic success as it eliminates microorganisms that persist after chemomechanical preparation. Aim To compare antimicrobial efficacy of calcium hydroxide powder, triple antibiotic paste, calcium hydroxide with 2% chlorhexidine solution, and triple antibiotic paste with 2% chlorhexidine solution. Materials and methods A total of 48 nonvital primary teeth were included in this study. After access opening first microbiological sample (s1) was collected by using absorbent paper point introducing into canal. Second microbilogical sample (s2) was taken following chemomechanical preparation and the teeth were divided into four groups: Group I: calcium hydroxide (CH) powder with distilled water; group II: CH with 2% chlorhexidine solution; group III: triple antibiotic powder with distilled water; group IV: triple antibiotic paste with 2% chlorhexidine solution. Then the canals were filled with any one group of the medicament and cavity was temporarily sealed with zinc oxide eugenol. After 1 week, a postmedication sample (s3) was collected. Then the canal was filled with Metapex, restored with glass ionomer cement. Conclusion From the experiments carried out in this study, with the limitations, an inference can be drawn that a combination of antimicrobial agent used as intracanal medicament is definitely better than single agent like Ca(OH)2. How to cite this article Dutta B, Dhull KS, Das D, Samir PV, Verma RK, Singh N. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy of various Intracanal Medicaments in Primary Teeth: An in vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(3):267-271.

Multidisciplinary approach in the management of ectodermal dysplasia: A case report

Ectodermal dysplasias are rare hereditary disorders characterized by abnormal development of certain tissues and structures of ectodermal origin. The condition is of importance to dentists as it affects the teeth resulting in hypodontia or anodontia, and a dentist plays an important role in the rehabilitation of the patient. Apart from having difficulties in eating and speaking, young affected individuals can also feel that they look different from their contemporaries resulting in low self-esteem. Well-fitting and functioning prosthesis could be a great help during their schooling years, as it will improve appearance and thus boost their self-confidence. We report a case of hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in a 12-year-old girl who exhibited partial anodontia, and a multidisciplinary approach comprising restorative, orthodontic, surgical, and prosthetic treatment was planned to rehabilitate the girl.The aim of the treatment was to improve psychological development apart from promoting better functioning of the stomatognathic system.