Karina Mary de Paiva

Envelhecimento e deficiência auditiva referida: um estudo de base populacional

O objetivo do estudo foi estimar a prevalencia da deficiencia auditiva referida por idosos do Municipio de Sao Paulo, Brasil, segundo caracteristicas sociodemograficas e descrever caracteristicas atribuidas a esta deficiencia. Os dados sao provenientes do Inquerito de Saude do Municipio de Sao Paulo (ISA-Capital/2003), com analise do subgrupo dos idosos (n = 872). Realizaram-se o teste do χ2 e a analise de regressao de Poisson. A prevalencia da deficiencia auditiva referida pelos idosos foi 11,2% e foi maior entre os homens (RP = 1,86; IC95%: 1,19-2,92). Observou-se grande desconhecimento dos idosos quanto as causas da deficiencia auditiva referida (42,5%), 25,5% relataram ter dificuldades em atividades de lazer, 11,4% necessitavam de ajuda para atividades cotidianas e 63,3% relataram nao necessitar de assistencia em decorrencia deste deficit. A alta prevalencia de deficiencia auditiva referida pelos idosos, principalmente do sexo masculino, remete a relevância deste problema para a saude publica, ja que o envelhecimento populacional e uma realidade nova e vem acompanhada de exigencias ainda desconhecidas por profissionais e pelo poder publico.

Dificuldades na comunicação entre pessoas com deficiência auditiva e profissionais de saúde: uma questão de saúde pública

ABSTRACT Purpose: To describe the occurrence of reports from people with hearing and/or multiple disabilities (hearing and visual and/or mo-bility) regarding hearing and understanding health professionals. Methods: Cross-sectional study through health survey, conducted with selected subjects from two population-based studies. Data collection took place at subjects’ homes, through interviews conducted by trained interviewers in the area of Sao Paulo. Information regarding difficulties to hear and understand what health professionals said in the last health service used were collected, besides demographic information (age, gender and race), economic data (head of household income), type of health service sought, use of private health insurance, and need of help when accessing the health service. Results: From the interviewees, 35% reported problems to hear and understand the health professionals in the last service visited; 30.6% (95%CI: 23.4-37.8) to understand the physicians; 18.1% (95%CI: 12.0-24.1) to understand the nurses; and 21.2% (95%CI: 14.8-27.6) to understand the other employees. There were no differences for the demographic variables, the need of help with bathing and dressing, eating, standing and/or walking, having or not private health insurance, and type of health service visited.

Compreendendo o idoso usuário de próteses auditivas

The main goal was to identify the factors involved in the application for and use of auditory prostheses by the elderly as well as their awareness of the Policy of Care to Auditory Health. 25 elderly people of both sexes using auditory prostheses in Vitoria (Espirito Santo, Brazil) were selected. They were contacted by telephone to participate in the research by answering a questionnaire. The results demonstrated that most of the elderly people interviewed (52%) use the device all day which suggests good adaptation to the process. Thirteen elderly people reported that they contacted the prosthesis company of their own accord. The advantages involved better communication and listening to TV (64%) while the difficulties were due to noisy environments; 56% were unable to understand what was being said at lectures, in church, and on the telephone, 72% reported no improvement with the prosthesis. 88% of the elderly participants are unaware of donation policies for auditory devices and 100% are unaware of this kind of service. Research and practices in health services about auditory issues still have far to go. There is a need for a change in management with the objective of putting into action policies which define the responsibilities of the State.

P1-275 Hearing health in elderly: a population-based study in SÃo paulo city, Brazil

Introduction Hearing loss in older people is one of the most prevalent chronic conditions. In 2004, was implemented in Brazil the Hearing Health Attention National Policies. This policy contains programs for prevention, diagnostic and rehabilitation, including donations of hearing aids and providing education about hearing health. Methods Data are from the Survey of Health of São Paulo (ISA-Capital, 2008), a population-based cross-sectional study (n=3271). This survey utilised the same methodology the previous surveys conducted at 2001 and 2003. We analysed the subgroup of elderly (60 years and above—n=924). We used the χ2 test of association and analysis of Poisson regression (significance level: 0.05). Results The prevalence of self-reported hearing loss in elderly in this study was 12.4%. This prevalence was higher in men than women (RP: 1.5; p=0.01) and in higher ages (more 80 years) than in 60–69 years (RP: 2.2; p=0.00). 24,4% of them did not know the cause of hearing loss and 42% related that old age is cause of this deficit. 38.8% of interviewed said that they do not need medical assistance or treatment rehabilitation. Conclusion The unknowledge of the elderly about the causes of hearing loss and the need to assistance suggests that the governments policies needs to evaluate and improve the process of assisting in these people with hearing impairment, assuring its effectiveness. Since ageing is getting wide, developing countries like Brazil, need to meet new demand from this segment of the population.

P2-234 Self-reported hearing loss and use of health services for elderly: a population based study in São Paulo city, Brazil

Introduction Hearing loss has been identified as one of the most frequent chronic conditions affecting elderly people and can be result in social isolation, depression and increased dependency. The use of health services to preventive ends it is important to evaluate the health behaviours of elderly with disabilities. Methods Data are from the Survey of Health of São Paulo (ISA-Capital), a population-based cross-sectional study (n=3357). We analysed the subgroup of elderly (60 years and above - n=872) to determine the association between reported hearing loss and use of health services: immunisation against influenza in last year, participation in prevention programs: prostate cancer, breast cancer and cervical cancer. We used the χ2 test of association and analysis of Poisson regression (significance level: 0.05). Results The prevalence of hearing loss in elderly people was 11.2% and it was higher in men than women (p=0.00). 60.5% of the elderly related to take immunisation against influenza, 82.9% of the women referred to participate the program of prevention of cervical cancer and 64.1% referred to participate the breast cancer one. There was an association between self-reported hearing loss and participate in programs to prevent prostate cancer (RP: 1,8; p=0.03). Conclusion Self-reported hearing loss can be itself a revelation indicator of handicap and it is quick and inexpensive to be performed. These data should be a tool to evaluate of the use of health services and moreover they could help to plan of hearing rehabilitation services.