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Dive into the research topics where Karine Michel is active.

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Featured researches published by Karine Michel.


Comptes Rendus Chimie | 2002

Infrared glass fibers for in-situ sensing, chemical and biochemical reactions

David Le Coq; Karine Michel; Julie Keirsse; Catherine Boussard-Plédel; Gilles Fonteneau; Bruno Bureau; Jean-Michel Le Quéré; Olivier Sire; Jacques Lucas

Infrared optical fibres based on chalcogenide glasses have been designed for evanescent wave spectroscopy. The sensitivity of the optical sensor is improved in tapering the sensing zone by chemical etching and the working optical domain of the system has been tested on a chloroform sample. This original remote sensor, based on the analysis of infrared signatures, has been applied to follow the fermentation process in cider fabrication as well as to detect and monitor a bacterial biofilm.


International Journal of Inorganic Materials | 2001

Infrared chalcogen glasses: chemical polishing and fibre remote spectroscopy

David Le Coq; Karine Michel; Gilles Fonteneau; Sandrine Hocde; Catherine Boussard-Plédel; Jacques Lucas

Inorganic vitreous polymers based on the combination of the chalcogen elements Se, Te and As are investigated on account of their unique transparency in the infrared spectral domain leading to applications in night-vision systems as well as in IR remote fibre spectroscopy. An original procedure of chemical polishing using a congruent dissolution process of the glass is developed in order to produce outstanding optical quality surfaces. The same methodology is applied to produce tapered chalcogen glass fibres used as IR evanescent wave chemical sensors. In reducing the fibre diameter by chemical etching, a significant improvement in the sensitivity of the optical sensor operating in the 2 to 12 μm spectral region is observed. This original optical configuration is applied to some in situ chemical or biological analysis.


Optical Materials | 2004

Optical analysis of infrared spectra recorded with tapered chalcogenide glass fibers

Steven MacDonald; Karine Michel; David Lecoq; Catherine Boussard-Plédel; Bruno Bureau

Abstract Infrared fiber evanescent wave spectroscopy (FEWS) spectra of water–ethanol mixtures are recorded and reconstructed thanks to a causal dispersion analysis technique. The complete expression of the complex reflection coefficients was used to determine the transmitted signal. The problems of shifting peaks or overlapping absorption bands from different chemical are well addressed. The effect of several parameters on the absorbance, such as the length of immersion and the diameter of the fiber probe have been calculated and fit well with experimental data. More generally, the agreement between experimental and calculated spectra suggest the presented analysis technique is more accurate than other current analysis techniques.


Optical Materials Express | 2016

Selenide sputtered films development for MIR environmental sensor

Emeline Baudet; Aldo Gutierrez; Petr Nemec; Loïc Bodiou; Jonathan Lemaitre; O. De Sagazan; Hervé Lhermitte; Emmanuel Rinnert; Karine Michel; Bruno Bureau; Joël Charrier; Virginie Nazabal

A micro-sensor based on selenide glasses for evanescent wave detection in mid-infrared spectral range was designed and fabricated. Ge-Sb-Se thin films were successfully deposited by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. In order to characterize them spectroscopic ellipsometry, atomic force microscopy and contact angle measurements were employed to study near and middle infrared refractive index, surface roughness and the wettability, respectively. Selenide sputtered films were micro-patterned by means of reactive ion etching with inductively coupled plasma process enabling single-mode propagation at a wavelength of 7.7 µm for a waveguide width between 8 and 12 µm. Finally, optical waveguide surface was functionalized by deposition of a hydrophobic polymer, which will permit detection of organic molecules in water. Thus, the optical transducer is a ridge waveguide composed by cladding and guiding Ge-Sb-Se sputtered layers exhibiting a tailored refractive index contrast and a polymer layer onto its surface ready for environmental detections in middle infrared.


Scientific Reports | 2017

Experimental design approach for deposition optimization of RF sputtered chalcogenide thin films devoted to environmental optical sensors

Emeline Baudet; M. Sergent; Petr Němec; C. Cardinaud; Emmanuel Rinnert; Karine Michel; L. Jouany; Bruno Bureau; Virginie Nazabal

The development of the optical bio-chemical sensing technology is an extremely important scientific and technological issue for diagnosis and monitoring of diseases, control of industrial processes, environmental detection of air and water pollutants. Owing to their distinctive features, chalcogenide amorphous thin films represent a keystone in the manufacture of middle infrared integrated optical devices for a sensitive detection of biological or environmental variations. Since the chalcogenide thin films characteristics, i.e. stoichiometric conformity, structure, roughness or optical properties can be affected by the growth process, the choice and control of the deposition method is crucial. An approach based on the experimental design is undoubtedly a way to be explored allowing fast optimization of chalcogenide film deposition by means of radio frequency sputtering process. Argon (Ar) pressure, working power and deposition time were selected as potentially the most influential factors among all possible. The experimental design analysis confirms the great influence of the Ar pressure on studied responses: chemical composition, refractive index in near-IR (1.55 µm) and middle infrared (6.3 and 7.7 µm), band-gap energy, deposition rate and surface roughness. Depending on the intended application and therefore desired thin film characteristics, mappings of the experimental design meaningfully help to select suitable deposition parameters.


BiOS 2001 The International Symposium on Biomedical Optics | 2001

Optical fiber engineering for biological analysis

D. Le Coq; Karine Michel; Catherine Boussard-Plédel; Gilles Fonteneau; Jacques Lucas

The glass based on the combination of the chalcogenide elements, Selenium, Tellurium and pseudo-chalcogenide Arsenic, named TAS glasses, were investigated due to their unique transparency in the infrared spectral domain. To obtain better optical quality of the glass surface, a procedure of chemical polishing using a congruent dissolution process of the glass is developed. The good performances of Te-As-Se glass fibers allow them to be used for IR evanescent wave spectroscopy analysis. The chemical polishing allows to taper TAS glass fibers which can be used as chemical sensors. The significance of the chemically tapered fiber diameter is shown in this paper. A characteristic example of biological analysis is also presented.


Proceedings of SPIE | 2017

Rare-earth-doped chalcogenide glasses for mid-IR gas sensor applications

J. Ari; F. Starecki; Catherine Boussard-Plédel; Jean-Louis Doualan; Lionel Quetel; Karine Michel; Alain Braud; Patrice Camy; R. Chahal; Bruno Bureau; Y. Ledemi; Y. Messaddeq; Virginie Nazabal

Luminescence properties of Pr3+ and Dy3+ doped GaGeSbSe(S) vitreous systems have been studied. The synthesis process to obtain homogeneous glasses has been determined and fibers have been successfully drawn from the produced preforms and characterized. Fibers show a mid-IR luminescence matching with the CO2 absorption band at 4.3 μm and can be used in an environmental monitoring sensor for the CO2 underground storage. The luminescence and glasses properties have been investigated on bulk samples and fibers in order to improve the efficiency of an optical CO2 sensor prototype operating from high to low concentration, down to the ppm level.


Advanced Device Materials | 2017

Development of an evanescent optical integrated sensor in the mid-infrared for detection of pollution in groundwater or seawater

Emeline Baudet; Aldo Gutierrez-Arroyo; Marion Baillieul; Joël Charrier; Petr Němec; Loïc Bodiou; Jonathan Lemaitre; Emmanuel Rinnert; Karine Michel; Bruno Bureau; Jean-Luc Adam; Virginie Nazabal

Abstract The detection of molecules dissolved in liquid medium can be envisaged by means of an optical integrated sensor operating in middle infrared range. The intended sensor is composed of a cladding and a guiding selenide sputtered layers transparent in middle infrared. Hence, Ge-Sb-Se thin films were selected in view of tailored refractive index contrast, successfully deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering and characterized. To maximize the evanescent field at a wavelength of 7.7 µm, a suitable selenide waveguide allowing measuring the optical transmitted power was designed by performing computer simulations based on the effective index method enabling single-mode propagation for a waveguide width between 8 and 12 µm. Selenide sputtered films were micro-patterned using reactive ion etching with inductively coupled plasma process. Finally, optical waveguide surface was functionalized by the deposition of a hydrophobic polymer, which will permit detection of organic molecules in water.


Integrated Optics: Devices, Materials, and Technologies XXII | 2018

Development of integrated platform based on chalcogenides for sensing applications in the mid-infrared

Joël Charrier; Loïc Bodiou; Aldo Gutierrez-Arroyo; Jonathan Lemaitre; Emeline Baudet; Marion Baillieul; Isabelle Hardy; Virginie Nazabal; Karine Michel; Celine Caillaud; Florent Colas; Kada Boukerma; Emmanuel Rinnert; Bruno Bureau

Mid-Infrared (mid-IR) spectral range, spanning from 2 μm to 20 μm, is ideal for chemical sensing using spectroscopy thanks to the presence of vibrational absorption bands of many liquid and gas substances in this wavelength range. Indeed, mid-IR spectroscopy allows simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis by, respectively, identifying molecules from their spectral signature and relating the concentrations of different chemical agents to their absorption coefficient according to Beer-Lambert law. In the last years, photonic integrated sensors based on mid-IR spectroscopy have emerged as a cheap, accurate, and compact solution that would enable continuous real-time on-site diagnostics and monitoring of molecular species without the need to collect samples for off-site measurements. Here, we report the design, processing and characterization of a photonic integrated transducer based on selenide ridge waveguides. Evanescent wave detection of chemical substances in liquid phase (isopropyl alcohol, C3H8O, and acetic acid, C2H4O2, both dissolved in cyclohexane) is presented using their absorption at a wavelength of 7.7 μm.


Proceedings of SPIE | 2017

Infrared sensor for water pollution and monitoring

Emeline Baudet; A. Gutierrez-Arrovo; M. Bailleul; Emmanuel Rinnert; Petr Nemec; Joël Charrier; Loïc Bodiou; Florent Colas; Chantal Compere; Catherine Boussard; Bruno Bureau; Karine Michel; Virginie Nazabal

Development of Mid-infrared sensors for the detection of biochemical molecules is a challenge of great importance. Mid-infrared range (4000 – 400 cm-1) contains the absorption bands related to the vibrations of organic molecules (nitrates, hydrocarbons, pesticides, etc.). Chalcogenide glasses are an important class of amorphous materials appropriate for sensing applications. Indeed, they are mainly studied and used for their wide transparency in the infrared range (up to 15 μm for selenide glasses) and high refractive index (between 2 and 3). The aim of this study is to synthesize and characterize chalcogenide thin films for developing mid-IR optical waveguides. Therefore, two (GeSe2)100-x(Sb2Se3)x chalcogenide glasses, where x=10 and 50 were chosen for their good mid-IR transparency, high stability against crystallization and their refractive index contrast suitable for mid-IR waveguiding. Chalcogenide glasses were prepared using the conventional melting and quenching method and then used for RF magnetron sputtering deposition. Sputtered thin films were characterized in order to determine dispersion of refractive index in UV-Vis-NIR-MIR. Obtained results were used for the simulation of the optical design in mid-infrared (λ = 7.7 μm). Selenide ridge waveguide were prepared by RIE-ICP dry etching process. Single-mode propagation at 7.7 μm was observed. Optical losses of 0.7 ± 0.3 and 2.5 ± 0.1 dB.cm-1 were measured in near-infrared (λ = 1.55 μm) and midinfrared (λ = 7.7 μm), respectively. Achieved results are promising for the fabrication of an integrated optical sensor operating in the mid-infrared.

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Petr Nemec

University of Pardubice

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