Kátia Yumi Uchimura

Comportamento alimentar e imagem corporal entre estudantes de educação física

OBJECTIVE: To characterize eating practices and possible risk factors associated with eating disorders among physical education students in a public university of the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS: Sectional study, electing as target population a risk group for the emergence of eating disorders. The questionnaires Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh (BITE), Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and a variety that considers related issues were applied. RESULTS: A positive result was detected in 6.9% of cases (IC95%: 3.6-11.7%) on EAT-26. On BITE, for elevated symptoms and severe cases, a prevalence of 5% was found (IC95%: 2.4-9.5%) and 2.5% (IC95%: 0.7-6.3%), respectively. It was evidenced that 26.29% of students presented abnormal eating behavior. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrate the need to pay attention to risk eating behaviors in this group, being justified to take special care with these future health care educators.

Avaliação da qualidade ou avaliação qualitativa do cuidado em saúde

The paper presents a theoretical exercise regarding health care evaluation in an effort to define several concepts. The multi-dimensional aspects of quality in health are emphasized in addition to the differences between quality evaluation and qualitative evaluation. The implications of not distinguishing between these two concepts are also discussed. Health care is analyzed as a material expression of interpersonal relations in this field and as an object of evaluation, highlighting its intricate relation with integrality and humanization. It is affirmed that quality evaluation and qualitative evaluation are not interchangeable labels, but rather political choices connected to health policies that can not be juxtaposed. Therefore, understanding this distinction is necessary for constructing evaluation proposals that surpass traditional and exclusionary perspectives.

Eating behavior and body image among psychology students

OBJECTIVE: To characterize eating habits and possible risk factors associated with eating disorders among psychology students, a segment at risk for eating disorders. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study. The questionnaires Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh (BITE), Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26), Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and a variety that considers related issues were applied. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 11.0 was utilized in analysis. The study population was composed of 175 female students, with a mean age of 21.2 (DP ± 3.6 years). RESULTS: A positive result was detected on the EAT-26 for 6.9% of the cases (CI95%: 3.6-11.7%). The prevalence of increased symptoms and intense gravity, according to the BITE questionnaire was 5% (CI95%: 2.4-9.5%) and 2.5% (CI95%: 0.7-6.3%), respectively. According to the findings, 26.29% of the students presented abnormal eating behavior. The population with moderate/severe BSQ scores presented dissatisfaction with corporal weight. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that attention must be given to eating behavior risks within this group. A differentiated gaze is justified with respect to these future professionals, whose practice is jeopardized in cases in which they are themselves the bearers of installed symptoms or precursory behavior.

Programa Bolsa-Familia: qualidade da dieta de populacao adulta do municipio de Curitiba, PR

Este estudo avaliou a qualidade da dieta da populacao beneficiaria do Programa Bolsa-Familia, em Curitiba, PR. Estudo transversal, de base populacional, realizado no periodo de julho de 2006 a julho de 2007. Foram entrevistados 747 beneficiarios, a partir dos 19 anos de idade, de ambos os sexos. Para avaliacao da qualidade da dieta foi aplicado recordatorio de 24 horas, e o Indice de Qualidade da Dieta (IQD) foi utilizado como parâmetro para classificacao do grupo em niveis de consumo. Estatistica descritiva foi utilizada para descrever a qualidade da dieta da populacao. Para a comparacao de medias do indice segundo as variaveis socioeconomicas foram realizados o teste t de Wald e a analise de variância ANOVA, considerando-se um nivel de significância de 5%. A amostra foi constituida por 91,4% de mulheres e 8,6 % de homens. A media de idade da populacao foi de 36,4 ± 13,3 anos, com cerca de 75 % possuindo o ensino fundamental incompleto. A media do IQD foi de 51 pontos, o que caracteriza uma dieta que precisa de ajustes. A populacao possui uma dieta monotona, com um consumo adequado de leguminosas, porem baixo para frutas, verduras e produtos lacteos. Na comparacao entre as categorias de qualidade da dieta dos individuos, todos os componentes, com excecao do sodio, apresentaram medianas de pontuacao estatisticamente diferentes (p < 0,01). Estudos que avaliem a qualidade da dieta sao fundamentais para subsidiar a implantacao de programas de educacao alimentar direcionados para o cerne do problema nas populacoes estudadas.

Programas de comercialização de alimentos: uma análise das modalidades de intervenção em interface com a cidadania

The purpose of this article is to discuss the implementation patterns of governmental nutrition program, through the analysis of two municipal programs developed in Curitiba, State of Parana, Brazil: Mercadao Popular and Armazem da Familia. These programs intend to facilitate the poor peoples access to food by charging prices lower than those charged in conventional stores and supermarkets. To start this analysis, the main federal nutrition programs are presented, with emphasis on the implementation patterns already explored by government in order to implement, to carry out and to legitimate its propositions related to food and nutrition. Then, the history and the configurations of Mercadao Popular and Armazem da Familia are also evaluated, showing those components which confer them singularity. To conclude this study, the implementation patterns of the focused programs are analyzed under a citizenship approach that considers its subjective elements.

Comportamento alimentar e imagem corporal entre estudantes de medicina

Eating disorderstend to occur in young women, meaningundergraduate students representa risk group. This study aims to identify eating behaviors and body image as risk factors for eating disorders in medical students. It is a cross-sectional study with a random and representative sample that used self-reported body mass index (BMI) , the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) , the Bulimic Investigatory Test Edinburgh (Bite) , and the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) . Statistics were descriptive with Chi-squared and ANOVA tests and a significance level of p<0.05. Mean (SD) of age and BMI were 20.8 (2.2) years and 21.5 (2.6) kg/m2. The prevalences were: 27.7% presented distorted body image by BSQ; 31.7% expressed abnormal eating behavior and 6.3% were at risk for bulimia by BITE, and 7.9% presented moderate/severe symptoms, and 19% were at risk of developing eating disorders by EAT-26. A significant association was found between BMI, body image and risk for TCA. Medical students were at a sub-clinical level of risk or early stage of eating disorderand requireattention so that these disorders do notharm their health and professional practice.

Quality Perspectives in Tuberculosis ControlPrograms Evaluation

This paper consists of a theoretical analysis on program evaluation, focusing on the Brazilian National Tuberculosis Control Program, which has been implemented in 1998. It is a conceptual construction that discusses the need, during the evaluative process, to take into consideration the distinct dimensions relating to quality of care, which are central to the Brazilian proposal. Comprehensiveness and humanization of care and their distinct dimensions should be covered, due some symbolic aspects involved in tuberculosis care, in dialogue with professional training. Finally, some theoretical contributions towards the design of evaluative studies are presented, thus showing the qualitative approach as a methodological resource that is inherent to analysis of the multiple dimensions present in this program.

EPIDEMIOLOGIA, FOME E DESENVOLVIMENTO

Understanding the relationship between epidemiology and food security implies in disclosing famine causes, the way it is distributed in the society and to which extent it affects the populations. Building up from that perspective, this paper attempts to understand the famine logic throughout the various transitions accomplished in the past decades: epidemiologic, demographic, risk, nutritional and development. The reflexes of the demographic transition that took place in Brazil in the XXth century are related to the population nutritional status standard changes, that is, they shifted from malnutrition high prevalence to a significant increase in obesity. However, the paradox of this situation is due to the fact that most risk factors that bring about diseases of the modern world come from the “excess”, while millions die around the globe because of “deprivation”. The food production alone does not ensure its equitable distribution among the various groups of the society. The access alone does not lead to quality. The choices are made individually, but life style options imply in a set of correlations that go from economy to culture. It means that this field has a collective basis and encompasses environment and development.