Katsunao Kondo

Time-space constraints and the formation of trip chains

Abstract This study is concerned with a workers decision to chain trips when a non-work, out-of-home activity is pursued together with obligatory work activities. Using a simple model, factors related to the likelihood of combining activities into a multi-sojourn trip chain are examined. The analysis indicates that the likelihood depends on whether marginal benefit of the time spent for in-home activities diminishes or not. It is shown that if marginal benefit diminishes, a longer activity duration, larger distance between the home and non-work activity locations, larger distance between the home and work location, and slower speed of the travel mode used, tend to favor a multi-sojourn trip chain. When the marginal benefit does not diminish, the relation is in general reversed. Tabulation of origin-destination survey results in general supports the notion of non-diminishing marginal benefit of in-home activity time. Estimation of constrained discrete-choice models also offers results that are consistent with non-diminishing benefit of in-home time. It is also indicated that trip chaining behavior is less sensitive to the sojourn duration and travel mode in the evening period than in the morning.

Recent Developments in Activity Diary-Based Surveys and Analysis

This paper review four case studies based on activity diaries (AD) to provide examples of activity based research in Japan. The focus is on the design and analysis of ADs. The case studies illustrate the richness of the data for analysis and modeling. The analysis of time use is particularly valuable because it offers answers to questions that are difficult to address with traditional travel surveys.

Some Characteristics of Network-Connectivity in Highways: Trip Chaining Analysis

The purpose of this paper is to identifiy the relation between highway construction and the formation of trip chainings by zone, considering both ratio of the munber of car-users after highway construction and the distance from the center area to each zone. After some characteristics concerning trip chaining patterns are empirically explored, a Markov-chain model is developed to estimate the values of the network-connectivity index before/after highway construction.