Kenneth L. Summers

Medical students learn over distance using virtual reality simulation.

Introduction: This article presents the results of a demonstration project that was designed with the goal to determine the feasibility and acceptability of medical students in using distance technology and virtual reality (VR) simulation within a problem-based learning (PBL). Methods: This pilot project involved students from the Universities of New Mexico and Hawaii and compared (1) control groups consisting of medical students in a tutor-guided PBL session using a text-based case, (2) distance groups using the same text-based case but interacting over distance from multiple sites, (3) groups using a VR simulation scenario integrated into the case without interaction over distance, and (4) combination groups interacting over distance from multiple sites with integration of a VR simulation scenario. Results: The study results suggest that it is possible to successfully conduct a PBL tutorial with medical students from two institutions with the integration VR and distributed distance interaction in combination or independently. The addition of these modalities did not interfere with learning dynamics when compared with traditional tutorial sessions. Conclusions: These findings suggest the feasibility and acceptability by students in the use of VR simulation integrated into a PBL learning session, as well as multipoint distance technologies that allowed interaction between students and tutors in different locations. The authors believe that these modalities can be applied where students and tutors from different institutions are in separate locations and can be used to support interactive experiential learning in a distributed network or on site and suggest areas for additional research.

The flatland architecture, an open source visualization/virtual reality development environment

Development Environment Kathleen H. Kihmm, kihmm@hawaii.edu, Kenneth L. Summers, summers@hpc.unm.edu, Andrei Sherstyuk, andrei@hawaii.rr.com, Timothy Eyring, teyring@comcast.net, Steven Smith, sas@lanl.gov, Paul M. Weber, pmw@hpc.unm.edu, Thomas Preston Caudell, tpc@ece.unm.edu 1. Telehealth Research Institute, University of Hawaii, 2. Center for High Performance Computing, The University of New Mexico, 3. Los Alamos National Laboratory, 4. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of New Mexico

Six Methods of Transaction Visualization in Virtual Environments

Many governmental and corporate organizations are interested in tracking materials and/or information through a network. Often, as in the case of the U.S. Customs Service, the traffic is recorded as transactions through a large number of checkpoints with a correspondingly complex network. These networks will contain large numbers of uninteresting transactions that act as noise to conceal the chains of transactions of interest, such as drug trafficking. We are interested in finding significant paths in transaction data containing high noise levels, which tend to make traditional graph visualization methods complex and hard to understand. This paper covers the evolution of a series of graphing methods designed to assist in this search for paths-from 1-D to 2-D to 3-D and beyond.