Kevin Hawkins

Health, absence, disability, and presenteeism cost estimates of certain physical and mental health conditions affecting U.S. employers.

Evidence about the total cost of health, absence, short-term disability, and productivity losses was synthesized for 10 health conditions. Cost estimates from a large medical/absence database were combined with findings from several published productivity surveys. Ranges of condition prevalence and associated absenteeism and presenteeism (on-the-job-productivity) losses were used to estimate condition-related costs. Based on average impairment and prevalence estimates, the overall economic burden of illness was highest for hypertension (

The health and productivity cost burden of the "top 10" physical and mental health conditions affecting six large U.S. employers in 1999.

392 per eligible employee per year), heart disease (

Direct Cost Burden Among Insured US Employees With Migraine

368), depression and other mental illnesses (

Indirect cost burden of migraine in the United States.

348), and arthritis (

The impact of resilience among older adults

327). Presenteeism costs were higher than medical costs in most cases, and represented 18% to 60% of all costs for the 10 conditions. Caution is advised when interpreting any particular source of data, and the need for standardization in future research is noted.

The Burden of Falling on the Quality of Life of Adults with Medicare Supplement Insurance

A multi-employer database that links medical, prescription drug, absence, and short term disability data at the patient level was analyzed to uncover the most costly physical and mental health conditions affecting American businesses. A unique methodology was developed involving the creation of patient episodes of care that incorporated employee productivity measures of absence and disability. Data for 374,799 employees from six large employers were analyzed. Absence and disability losses constituted 29% of the total health and productivity related expenditures for physical health conditions, and 47% for all of the mental health conditions examined. The top-10 most costly physical health conditions were: angina pectoris; essential hypertension; diabetes mellitus; mechanical low back pain; acute myocardial infarction; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; back disorders not specified as low back; trauma to spine and spinal cord; sinusitis; and diseases of the ear, nose and throat or mastoid process. The most costly mental health disorders were: bipolar disorder, chronic maintenance; depression; depressive episode in bipolar disease; neurotic, personality and non-psychotic disorders; alcoholism;, anxiety disorders; schizophrenia, acute phase; bipolar disorders, severe mania; nonspecific neurotic, personality and non-psychotic disorders; and psychoses. Implications for employers and health plans in examining the health and productivity consequences of common health conditions are discussed.

Disparities in Major Joint Replacement Surgery among Adults with Medicare Supplement Insurance

Objective.— To provide a current estimate of the national direct health‐care cost burden of illness associated with migraine among a US insured population.

The relationship between body mass index and quality of life in community-living older adults living in the United States

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the indirect cost burden associated with migraine. Methods: Data were obtained from Thomson-Medstats Health and Productivity Management (HPM) database for the 2002 through 2003 calendar years. The migraine cohort was composed of patients who had a diagnosis of migraine or migraine-specific abortive prescription medication, or both. A control cohort of patients without migraine was matched to patients in the migraine cohort. The average annual indirect burden of illness (BOI) of migraine and a national indirect BOI were estimated. Results: Annual indirect expenditures were significantly higher in the migraine group compared with the control group (

An Evaluation of the Well at Dell Health Management Program: Health Risk Change and Financial Return on Investment

4453 vs

The Impact of Pain on Physical and Mental Quality of Life in Adults 65 and Older

1619; P < 0.001). The national annual indirect BOI, excluding presenteeism, was estimated to be