Konstantinos D. Antoniadis

Reference Data for the Density and Viscosity of Liquid Copper and Liquid Tin

The available experimental data for the density and viscosity of liquid copper and tin have been critically examined with the intention of establishing a density and a viscosity standard. All experimental data have been categorized into primary and secondary data according to the quality of measurement specified by a series of criteria. The proposed standard reference correlations for the density of copper and tin are characterized by standard deviations of 1.3% and 1.0% at the 95% confidence level, respectively. The standard reference correlations for the viscosity of copper and tin are characterized by standard deviations of 6.3% and 20% at the 95% confidence level, respectively.

Reference Correlation of the Thermal Conductivity of Sulfur Hexafluoride from the Triple Point to 1000 K and up to 150 MPa

This paper contains new, representative reference equations for the thermal conductivity of SF6. The equations are based in part upon a body of experimental data that has been critically assessed for internal consistency and for agreement with theory whenever possible. Although there are a sufficiently large number of data at intermediate temperatures, data at very low or very high temperatures as well as near the critical region are scarce. In the case of the dilute-gas thermal conductivity, a theoretically based correlation was adopted in order to extend the temperature range of the experimental data. Moreover, in the critical region, the experimentally observed enhancement of the thermal conductivity is well represented by theoretically based equations containing just one adjustable parameter. The correlations are applicable for the temperature range from the triple point to 1000 K and pressures up to 150 MPa. The overall uncertainty (considered to be estimates of a combined expanded uncertainty with a...

Reference Correlations of the Thermal Conductivity of o-Xylene, m-Xylene, p-Xylene, and Ethylbenzene from the Triple Point to 700 K and Moderate Pressures

This paper contains new, representative reference equations for the thermal conductivity of o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, and ethylbenzene. The equations are based in part upon a body of experimental data that has been critically assessed for internal consistency and for agreement with theory whenever possible. In the case of the dilute-gas thermal conductivity, a theoretically based correlation was adopted in order to extend the temperature range of the experimental data. Moreover, in the critical region, the experimentally observed enhancement of the thermal conductivity is well represented by theoretically based equations containing just one adjustable parameter. All four correlations are applicable for the temperature range from the triple point of each fluid to 700 K, and an upper pressure limit determined by the maximum density limit for the equation of state used to provide density. At the upper temperature limit of 700 K, the maximum pressure was 200 MPa for m-xylene and p-xylene, but 60 and 70 MPa for ethylbenzene and o-xylene, respectively. At lower temperatures, the maximum pressure is lower. The overall uncertainty (at the 95% confidence level) of the correlations of the thermal conductivity of o-, m-, p-xylene, and ethylbenzene, over their range of applicability, varies for each fluid. For o-xylene, we estimate the uncertainty for liquid and supercritical densities for temperatures from the triple point to 400 K to be 2.6%, and 4% at higher temperatures, and in the dilute-gas region we estimate the uncertainty to be 2%. For m-xylene, the estimated uncertainty for liquid and supercritical densities at temperatures from the triple point to 375 K is 3.6%, and 5% at higher temperatures, and 6% for the dilute gas. For p-xylene, the estimated uncertainty for liquid and supercritical densities at temperatures from the triple point to 700 K is 3.6%, and 2.5% for the dilute gas. Finally, for ethylbenzene the estimated uncertainty for liquid and supercritical densities at temperatures from the triple point to 400 K is 2.8%, and 2.5% in the dilute-gas region. Uncertainties in the critical region for all four fluids are much larger, since the thermal conductivity approaches infinity at the critical point and is very sensitive to small changes in density.

New exposure technique for management of giant internal carotid artery aneurysm

We are presenting a case of giant internal carotid artery aneurysm (ICAA) managed by a new exposure technique. Following double mandibular osteotomy, the exposure of the entire aneurysm was achieved by mandible mobilization. The aneurysm repair was performed by resection and graft interposition. Mandible bone reconstruction was succeeded via mini plate osteosynthesis. No adverse events were noticed during the 24-month follow-up period. The surgical ICAA management is necessary to prevent severe complications. In cases of aneurysm extension to the skull base, double mandibular osteotomy is a safe technique that facilitates aneurysm exposure and control.

Reference Correlations for the Thermal Conductivity of Liquid Bismuth, Cobalt, Germanium, and Silicon

The available experimental data for the thermal conductivity of liquid bismuth, cobalt, germanium and silicon have been critically examined with the intention of establishing thermal conductivity reference correlations. All experimental data have been categorized into primary and secondary data according to the quality of measurement specified by a series of criteria. The proposed standard reference correlations for the thermal conductivity of liquid bismuth, cobalt, germanium, and silicon are respectively characterized by uncertainties of 10, 15, 16 and 9.5% at the 95% confidence level.

CHAPTER 5. Thermal Conductivity and Diffusivity

The chapter is concerned with new developments over the last two decades of familiar experimental techniques for the measurment of thermal conductivity and related transport properties, as well as a variety of diffusion coefficients. It begins with an historical review of the transient hot-wire instrument for accurate thermal conductivity measurement; it has widespread applicability over a wide range of thermodynamic states and a variety of materials. The second section explores a family of measurement techniques that exploit the disturbance of materials caused by absorbtion of light in photoacoustic and photothermal techniques to study thermal transport processes. In Section 5.3, solutions of the diffusive transport equations in simple geometries are derived and simplified to offer new methods for the study of thermal and mass transport in materials of industrial importance. Finally, in Section 5.4, recent work to develop established experimental techniques for the study of both mutual and self-diffusion coefficients in extremes circumstances, such as high pressures and/or high temperatures and special thermodynamic states, are considered.

From analog timers to the era of machine learning: The case of the transient hot-wire technique

In this work, we demonstrate how interdisciplinary knowledge can provide solutions to elusive challenges and advance science. As an example, we used the application of the THW in the measurement of the thermal conductivity of solids. To obtain a solution of the equations by FEM, about 10 h were required. By employing tools from the field of machine learning and computer science like a) automating the manual pipeline using a custom framework, b) using efficiently, Bayesian Optimisation to estimate the optimal thermal properties value, and c) applying further task specific optimisations, this time was reduced to 3 min, which is acceptable, and thus the technique can be easier used.

Intraoral Myeloid Sarcoma with Bilateral Involvement - Case Report

Summary Background: Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a solid malignant tumour associated with infiltration of immature myeloid precursor cells in an extramedullary site. The term MS has replaced the term granulocytic sarcoma and chloroma, which were used in the past. MS in the oral cavity is very uncommon, with less of 40 cases reported until recently. Case Report: We report the first case, the features, and the diagnostic sequence, of intraoral MS with bilateral palatal involvement, which presented as an initial manifestation, and preceded the appearance of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Diagnostic confirmation of such oral mucosal lesions usually requires biopsy, histopathological examination with additional immunohistochemical investigation. MS can occur during the course of acute or chronic myelogenous leukaemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes. In the vast majority of the reported cases, only one site was involved with a single intraoral MS lesion, and the cases predominantly associated with AML. Conclusion: The majority of intraoral MS occurs in patients with known AML, but in some of them, presented as an initial manifestation, and preceded the appearance of the disease. Therefore, clinicians should carefully evaluate all unusual oral lesions of unknown origin.

OP218: Immunohistochemical profile of primary oral malignant melanomas

Purpose Primary oral melanoma is an uncommon malignant tumor of melanocytic origin, with potentially aggressive capacity. Several immunohistochemical markers influencing invasiveness and metastatic dissemination of melanoma have been identified and used previously. Our aim was to analyze the immunohistochemical expression for cathepsin-D, c-kit, E-cadherin, cyclin D1, and MUM-1 in oral malignant melanomas. Material and Methods Immunoperoxidase staining was performed on formalin-fixed tissue specimens from oral melanoma specimens and oral melanocytic nevi lesions which were used as control group. The percentages of immunoreactive melanocytes were estimated and qualitatively abnormal immunoreactivity patterns were also tabulated. Results Cathepsin-D, c-kit, cyclin D1, and MUM-1 were highly expressed in oral melanomas, whereas negative or very weak expression of the above mentioned markers was recorded in oral melanocytic nevi lesions. E-cadherin was expressed uniform throughout the entire oral melanocytic nevi, whereas oral melanomas expressed heterogeneous E-cadherin staining. Furthermore oral melanomas showed qualitatively and quantitavely abnormal E-cadherin immunoreactivity, with gradual loss of staining and increasing lesional depth. The results indicate that cathepsin-D, c-kit, E-cadherin, cyclin D1, and MUM-1 may be involved in the development of oral melanomas, and eventually they may be useful in the differential diagnosis of oral malignant melanomas and oral melanocytic nevi lesions. Conclusions The above mentioned markers seems to correlate with oral melanoma development and have an important functional role in tumor development or progression. Melanoma has a wide spectrum of histologic features which mimic epithelial, hematologic, mesenchymal, and neural tumors. Immunohistochemistry has been the primary tool to distinguish melanomas from these other tumors. Use of immunohistochemical markers should therefore give additional information which cannot be determined by routine histopathology.