L. Ashok Kumar

Development of Signal Transferring Fabrics Using Plastic Optical Fibers for Defense Personnel and Study their Performance

In this article, an attempt has been made to design and develop four different signal transferring fabrics using plastic optical fibers (POF). The signal transferring and fabrication possibility of these optical fibers are studied and selected optical fibers are made into fabric form by four methods namely (a) sequential work with POF integrated in the fabric, (b) weaving of the POF using hand loom, (c) weaving of the POF using power loom, and (d) weaving of POF as core conductive fabrics. Novel technique for development of core-sheath conductive yarns with optical fiber as core and cotton fibers as sheath using DREF-3 friction spinning system is discussed. The signal transferring efficiency of the handloom, power loom, and sequential integrated woven POF fabrics are analyzed using the microprocessor designed with IRF14F optical receiver for bullet wound detection. The signal loss percentage of these fabrics are studied and reported using the red LED, white light LED (SPL), and laser light LED with input voltage of +5 V. These optical conductive yarns are having good scope for the development of signal transferring garment for defense personnel, telecommunication, and data transferring purpose.

Design and Development of Cost-Effective Global Positioning System General Packet Radio Service: Based Soldier Tracking System

This article proposes a low-cost object tracking system using global positioning system (GPS) and general packet radio service (GPRS). The current object tracking systems utilize short messaging service (SMS) technology which when compared with GPRS is costlier. Hence, using GPRS in this system makes it economical and reduces the working cost. GPRS also enjoys the advantages of faster and continuous data transmission. This system uses a Telit-GM-862GPS module, which tracks the location details such as latitude, longitude, speed, altitude, and accuracy, in a specific data format known as National Marine Engineering Association (NMEA) protocol. This location data format is processed further with a PIC16F877 microcontroller. The processed information is sent to GPRS module then to a Web server, where a database is already created, using Microsoft Access, ASP.NET, MYSQL for storing the location details so as to allow the user to view the present and past positions of a target object on Google map through internet to track wounded soldiers and also military vehicles.

Development of ECU Based Starting System for Automobiles

Engine start is a very crucial phase in the operation of automotive engines, the starter motor plays a vital role in this short transient period. However, a complete exhaustive model of the combined engine starter system has not appeared to date in open literature. As a typical mechanical and electric device relating to efficiency, safety to passenger car start and process, passenger car starting system based on integrated control method by electronic control unit (ECU). By using Lead acid battery or recent Absorbent Glass Material battery (AGM) how the battery behavior is studied by measuring peak current including cold cranking ampere (CCA).This paper discusses an approach to develop electronic control unit based starting system to reduce the internal resistance of the battery due to overloading, failure of mechanical components of starter motor and pitting of electrical contacts of solenoid switch.

Central mechanism of tremor suppression at musculoskeletal level

“Tremor is clinically depicted as a rhythmical, involuntary oscillatory development of a body produced by equally innervated antagonist muscle. Tremor can be a framework associated with disorders in those part of the cerebrum that control muscles all through the body or particular area, for example, the hands. Tremor might occur at any age, however, is most normal middle-age and older persons. Orthotic gadgets have been under scrutiny as a non-invasive tremor concealment different option for prescription or surgery. The test in musculoskeletal tremor concealment is assessing and lessening the tremor movement without blocking the patients intentional movement. In this research, the shuddering of patients hand is computed and suppressed. The tremor measuring is supported by accelerometer sensors. The suppression mechanism is accompanied by a resistive force. This force is exerted by the air passed through the valves. Thus, a central mechanism of tremor suppression method is used for a patient with the pathological tremor in the upper limbs. The device is based on closed loop control system and it is designed to attenuate the tremor without significantly affecting slower voluntary movement. In this paper a cost effective and less weight experimental setup is used for the tremor suppression”.

Wind Energy Conversion Systems

On completion of this chapter, the reader will have knowledge on: Characteristics of Wind Energy. Basic components of Wind Energy Conversion systems. Types of Wind Turbine Generator Configurations. Power Converter Topologies for Wind Turbine Generator. MATLAB/SIMULINK model of Wind Turbine. MATLAB/SIMULINK model of different types of turbines in WECS. Grid Integration and MATLAB/SIMULINK model of Grid Connected WECS.

Application of MATLAB/SIMULINK in Solar PV Systems

On completion of this chapter, the reader will have knowledge on: Basic components of Solar PV system and its merits and demerits. Involvement of power electronic devices in Solar PV components. MATLAB/SIMULINK model of different control strategies of power conditioning unit. Importance of MATLAB/SIMULINK model in improving the efficiency of the overall solar PV system. Characteristics of Solar PV panel and its MATLAB/SIMULINK model. Characteristics and MATLAB/SIMULINK model of Solar PV power conditioning unit.

Power quality improvement of grid-connected wind energy system using facts devices

ABSTRACT The increased penetration of wind power into the grid will save the fossil fuels and reduce the impact on the environment; however, it also presents many challenges to power system operation and control, system stability and power quality. In this paper, the use of static compensator (STATCOM) with battery energy storage system (BESS) is to enable smooth and the proper integration of wind energy system to the grid is taken as the main objective. This work presents a novel controller for an integrated STATCOM-BESS for grid-connected wind energy system. The simulation of the proposed system is done in Simulink with hysteresis current controlled pulse width modulation-based controller, which is in the IEC 61400-21 standard. It is observed that the STATCOM with BESS, operated with the specified controller, provides reactive power support, good harmonic mitigation as well as maintaining the source current the voltage without any phase angle difference. The experimental setup composed of Matlab-dSPACE DS1104 interface for generating the gate pulse, isolation and gate driver circuit, and the three-phase inverter is created and the system is tested for various combinations of R load and R-L load, and the measurements are recorded using FLUKE 434 energy analyser.

Study on Different Techniques of Fabricating Conductive Fabrics for Developing Wearable Electronics

In recent years, interdisciplinary studies have been the mainstream in research discourses and practices. Depending on the degree of integration, the combination of electronics and textiles can be divided into three categories: wearable electronics, textronics and fibertronics. This paper discusses the development of cotton-wrapped nichrome yarn, copper core conductive yarn and optical core conductive yarn in different diameters for the production of nichrome fabric, copper core conductive fabric, optical core conductive fabric and teleintimation fabric. The yarn and the fabric were tested by a test rig especially developed for this research work. This work provides a methodology of developing conductive yarn and fabric for the development of wearable electronic products in terms of user acceptability.

Soft Computing Techniques in Solar PV

On completion of this chapter, the reader will have knowledge on: Importance of soft computing techniques such as neural networks, fuzzy logic and genetic algorithms in solar PV system. Soft computing techniques used in MPPT of Solar PV system and its MATLAB/SIMULINK model. Prediction of solar irradiance using soft computing techniques. Parameter estimation of Solar PV module using Genetic Algorithms.

Soft Computing Techniques in Wind Energy Conversion Systems

On completion of this chapter, the reader will have knowledge on: Importance of soft computing techniques in WECS. Prediction of power factor using soft computing techniques. Fuzzy based Pitch angle control. Soft computing based MPPT in WECS. Economic dispatch of WECS using soft computing algorithms.