L. M. Demidenko

Guniting linings of oxygen converters in the course of melting without stopping the blow

Problems arising in guniting converter linings in the course of melting without stopping the oxygen blow are considered. Deposition of a mixture based on magnesite is conducted in an oxygen jet. As the powder particles move in the vessel, they are heated due to the heat of the converter and afterburning of carbon monoxide, which ensures their strong cohesion with the surface of the lining. The velocity and diameter of the gas-powder jet are calculated as a function of the concentration of the periclase powder, the distance from the tuyere nozzle, and the temperature of the magnesite particles heated in the vessel. An experimental installation is developed and experiments on guniting in the course of melting without interrupting the blow are conducted. It is established that the gunited coating is deposited on the lining only at the end of melting. The endurance of the coating is 1–4 heats. In guniting, the temperature of the metal increases by 20–70°C. The experiments showed the possibility in principle of guniting a converter lining in the course of melting without interrupting the blow.

Investigation of Taimyrsk graphites for producing periclase-carbon ladle refractories

ConclusionsThe investigations showed that Taimyrsk graphite corresponds in chemical composition to foundry and crucible graphite.The content of crystalline graphite equals 13.0–26.3%. The characteristics of periclase carbon goods based on foundry and Taimyrsk graphites correspond to the demands placed on ladle refractories. The wear factors of these products in the slag belt of the lining of 350-tonne steel ladles are on practically the same level.Taimyrsk graphites may be used for the production of periclase-carbon ladle refractories in place of crucible or foundry graphite.

Torch guniting of the lining of steel teeming ladles

Description de la torche permettant de realiser les revetements interieurs des poches de coulees continues

Masses based on Arkalyk clay for guniting steel-teeming ladles

ConclusionsThe authors investigate the properties of gunite masses based on Arkalyk clays with regard to service conditions in steel-teeming ladles used in open-hearth manufacture of steel. The optimal composition of the mass is as follows: 90% chamotte, 10% clay, and 10% binder (above 100%). Industrial tests have been performed on a mass for guniting 230-ton steel-teeming ladles of the MMC. The durability of a gunite layer 30–35 mm thick is about 6 pourings. The results confirm that Arkalyk clay is a promising material for making gunite masses.

Introducing “Orion” equipment for mechanized guncreting of steel ladles

ConclusionsIndustrial operation in steel factories of the “Orion” complex has shown the effectiveness of the plant and of mechanizing the guncreting of steel ladles. The average life of the lining in ladles was increased by 25–50%, the maximum life of 200-ton ladles at the Rustav factory having been brought to 52 heats. A reduction has been achieved in the specific consumption of ladle refractories equal to 1.7–3 kg/ton of steel. At Magnitogorsk they have increased the throughput capacity of steel melting bays by 3% with a reduction in the ladle stock of 11%.

Improving the efficiency of guniting steel-pouring ladles

ConclusionsHot guniting of steel-pouring ladles without cooling the lining enables us to reduce the time taken to prepare them for pouring, and creates conditions for repeated hot guniting within a ladle campaign. This will make it possible to increase the stability of the lining and to reduce the energy expended on drying the gunite layer.The efficiency of mechanized guniting can also be improved by differential use of gunites with rational compositions.

Kyanite compounds for guncreting the linings of steel ladles

ConclusionsA study was made of the properties of guncrete compounds based on kyanite suitable for service in steel ladles. The best properties were possessed by a compound containing 80% kyanite, 10% clay, and 10% binder.Industrial trials with the guncrete compounds were completed. The life of the new compounds is 20% longer than that of similar compounds based on Novoselitsk kaolin.

Experience gained in guniting of pouring ladles at the Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Combine

ConclusionsThe Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Combine has adopted guniting of the lining of 230-ton and 300-ton pouring ladles with chamotte-clay compounds, which are now being manufactured by its refractory sector.

Compounds based on novoselitsk kaolin for the gunite linings of steel ladles

ConclusionsA study was made of the properties of Gunite compounds based on Novoselitsk kaolin suitable for service in steel ladles. The best composition was: 90% chamotte, 10% kaolin, and 10% (on 100%) bond. A State Standard was developed for Gunite powder. Industrial trials were done on the new compounds. The results of the trials confirmed that it is feasible to use Novoselitsk kaolin for producing Gunite compounds.

Guniting the lining of steel-teeming ladles by means of the “Orion” kit

ConclusionsThe Rustavi Metallurgical Factory is the first one in the Soviet Union to adopt the “Orion” set of equipment for mechanized guniting of the lining of steel-teeming ladles. The Suvorov Ore Board and the Semiluk Refractory Factory have manufactured experimental batches of guniting masses from chamotte and refractory clay, and their use has given good results.The mean life of a steel-teeming ladle lining is 23.4 meltings in comparison with 10 for ungunited ladles. The maximum life attained is 52 meltings. The efficiency of labor engaged on ladle lining has been increased sixfold.