L. Neipp

Stoffwechselprodukte von Actinomyceten

ZusammenfassungDie Resistenz von Mikroorganismen genenüber Ferrimycin wird untersucht. Es können drei Formen von Resistenz aufgezeigt werden: 1.Natürlich-genotypische Resistenz: z. B. Escherichia coli. Eine ganze natürliche Population ist Ferrimycin-resistent.2.Induziert-genotypische Resistenz: Sie entsteht in einem Schritt und ist genetisch fixiert. Die Resistenzrate beträgt ein resistenter auf 104–105 empfindliche Keime.3.Ernährungs-bedingte Resistenz. Sie wird verursacht durch eine Ernährungs-bedingte Umwandlung von Ferrimycin in ein Sideramin.

[A chemically and pharmacologically novel antagonist of physiopathologically important amines, kinins and kinin-forming factors].

CIBA 21 401-Ba, a glucofuranoside derivative (ethyl-3,5,6-O-benzyl-d-glucofuranoside), antagonizes in vitro the smooth-muscle action of a large number of biogenic amines and polypeptides, the accelerated migration of leucocytes induced by endotoxin, and the Schultz-Dale phenomenon. In vivo, the compound shows anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects and improves the survival rate of infected mice treated with suboptimal doses of a sulphonamide.CIBA 21 401-Ba, a glucofuranoside derivative (ethyl-3,5,6-O-benzyl-d-glucofuranoside), antagonizes in vitro the smooth-muscle action of a large number of biogenic amines and polypeptides, the accelerated migration of leucocytes induced by endotoxin, and the Schultz-Dale phenomenon. In vivo, the compound shows anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects and improves the survival rate of infected mice treated with suboptimal doses of a sulphonamide.

Spécificité de l'action antiphage de substances synthétiques

The effect of synthetic antiphages has been studied against different types of bacteriophage in the same bacterium, in this caseEscherichia coli. Most substances are active only against typesT 1, 3, 5, 7 (and our type 207) but not against types 2, 4, 6. Others show activity only against type 1 (and our type 207). The antiphage activity of a substance therefore seems to depend upon a specific relationship between its chemical structure and that of the phage type against which it is active.

Comparaison de l'activité respiratoire d'Esch. coli pendant la bactériolyse due aux bactériophages de la série T1 à T7

The course of bacteriolysis as determinated by the oxygen consumption of the bacteria is different during bacteriolysis produced by the phagesT 1,3,5,7 as compared with that produced by phagesT 2,4,6. With phagesT 1,3,5,7, the bacteriolysis occurs, rapidly, but incompletely after a latent period. With the phagesT 2,4,6 bacteriolysis occurs slowly and the course of the respiration shows a « plateau » but goes to completion. The biochemical mechanism of the bacteriolysis therefore seems to differ in both cases.

Relations du « métabolisme respiratoire » des bactéries et du type de bactériophage avec l'activité de substances antiphages

Quantitative determination of bacteriolysis with different T1–7-phages confirms earlier observations that with substances inhibiting the action of T1-phage the normal respiratory metabolism of the protected bacteria is quantitatively restored in every detail. With T2-phage, showing a different respiratory course of bacteriolysis, no effect is obtained with the same substance, either on the respiration of the bacteria or on the typical course of respiration during bacteriolysis. The action of the phage inhibiting substance against T1-phage is therefore an effect of definite specificity.

Eintritt und Mechanismus phagenhemmender Wirkungen

The described antiphage substance: bis-[[4-[4-(3-diethylamino-propylamino)-6-methyl-2-pyrimidyl-amino]-phenyl]]-sulphone tetrahydrochloride tetrahydrate produces its effect not through a direct phagocytic action but indirectly through an inhibition of the phage production. The effect is complete during the whole logarithmic growth phase as long as the phage concentration is kept under the limit, critical for bacteriolysis.