Layze Cilmara Alves da Silva

Resistência à intoxicação por Amorimia septentrionalis em caprinos, induzida pela inoculação ruminal das bactérias Pigmentiphaga kullae e Ancylobacter dichloromethanicus

In Brazil is estimated that poisoning of livestock by sodium monofluoroacetate (MFA) containing plants causes the death of about 500.000 cattle per year. The ruminal inoculation of bacteria that degrade MFA has been proposed as a way to prevent the poisoning. This study aimed to evaluate in goats resistance to the MFA-containing plant Amorimia septentrionalis induced by ruminal inoculation of the bacteria Pigmentiphaga kullae and Ancylobacter dichloromethanicus. Twelve goats, without previous contact with MFA-containing plants, were divided into two groups of six animals each. In group 1, 60ml of a mixture of the two bacteria was inoculated every day for 10 days into each goat. In group 2, the goats did not receive the bacteria. At the 10th day of inoculation, A. septentrionalis began to be administered daily at a dose of 5g/kg body weight to both groups. The administration was interrupted in each goat after first clinical signs of poisoning were observed.. The goats of group 1 showed clinical signs 5.83±2.56 days after the administration of the plant, what differed significantly (p=0.037) from goats of group 2, that showed clinical signs 2.67±0 52 days after the beginning of ingestion. The amount of A. septentrionalis ingested by inoculated goats (28.83±12.97g/kg) to cause clinical sings was significantly greater (p=0.025) than the amount ingested by the non-inoculated (12.03±3.65) goats to cause clinical signs and was also statistically different between the groups. We concluded that the intraruminal administration of Pigmentiphaga kullae and Ancylobacter dichloromethanicus increases the resistance to poisoning by MFA-containing plants.

Avaliação in vitro da sensibilidade de estirpes deStaphylococcus spp. isoladas de mastite caprina frente a desinfetantes comerciais

O uso de desinfetantes na profilaxia da mastite e uma pratica adotada no seu programa de controle. A utilizacao da antissepsia dos tetos pos ordenha (pos-dipping) tem demonstrado a reducao dos indices de infeccoes intramamarias, reduzindo a colonizacao por micro-organismos na pele dos tetos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar in vitro a sensibilidade de 101 estirpes de Staphylococcus spp. isolados de mastite caprina frente a quatro desinfetantes: iodo 2; 1 e 0,5%; hipoclorito de sodio 2,5; 1,25 e 0,62%; clorexidina 2,0; 1,0 e 0,5% e quaternario de amonia 0,68; 0,34 e 0,17%. Verificaram-se que todas as concentracoes utilizadas dos desinfetantes mostraram-se eficazes para completa eliminacao do agente nos tempos de 30 e 60 minutios. Observaram-se as seguintes porcentagens de resistencia aos desinfetantes: 15,8% ao iodo na concentracao 0,5%; 10,8% ao hipoclorito de sodio (0,62%) e 7,9% ao quaternario de amonio (0,17%). A clorexidina demonstrou in vitro 100% de eliminacao das estirpes de estafilococos em todos os tempos e concentracoes testadas, portanto, por apresentar amplo espectro de acao sem provocar irritacao na pele dos animais e por ser de baixo custo, torna-se um produto de uso economicamente viavel para utilizacao em programas de controle de mastites caprinas.

Avaliação de resíduo de antibiótico em amostras de leite de vacas após a terapia de vacas secas

The present study aimed to assess antibiotic residues in milk from animals treated in the pre-term period. A total of 47 animals from dairy farms in Rondonia, Brazil, were used for treatment with commercially available antibiotics especific to the dry period (cloxacillinbenzathine and spiramycin associated to neomycin) and during the lactation period (ceftiofur hydrochloride) at 60 and 30 days after delivery, respectively, in a single application. The detection of antimicrobial residues was performed using the commercial microbiologic kit Eclipse 50 (ZEU-Inmunotec®, Zaragoza). The results showed antibiotic residues in 3.44% of animals treated with cloxacillinbenzathine, in 12.50% of animals treated with spiramycin/neomycin, and in 10% of animals treated with ceftiofur hydrochloride. The period indicated for milk consumption after therapy was 30 days for lactation antibiotic products and 60 days for dry cow therapy. The occurrence of the antibiotic residues in milk is a risk to public health and for the contamination of milk products.