Leandro Rampim

Atributos químicos de solo e resposta do trigo e da soja ao gesso em sistema semeadura direta

A aplicacao de gesso para tornar o Al indisponivel, assim como para suprir nutrientes do solo para as plantas, pode proporcionar condicoes para a obtencao de elevada produtividade das culturas. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do gesso (0, 1.000, 2.000, 3.000, 4.000 e 5.000 kg ha-1) nas caracteristicas quimicas de duas areas com Latossolo Vermelho eutroferrico de textura argilosa, com ou sem Al trocavel, e na nutricao mineral e produtividade das culturas de trigo e soja em sistema semeadura direta. As doses de gesso foram aplicadas em superficie seis meses apos a calagem. Aos seis e 12 meses apos a aplicacao do gesso, foram coletadas amostras de solo nas profundidades de 0-0,10; 0,10-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m. O uso de ate 5.000 kg ha-1 de gesso resultou em aumento dos teores de Ca2+ e SO42- e lixiviacao de K+ ate 0,20 m e Mg2+ ate 0,40 m de profundidade, um ano apos a aplicacao, sendo a dose de 3.000 kg ha-1 a que proporcionou maior reducao do Al trocavel. A aplicacao de gesso implicou aumento dos teores foliares de Ca e Mg na cultura da soja, reducao dos teores de Ca e Mg na cultura do trigo e aumento no teor de S em ambas as culturas, enquanto o teor de K aumentou ate a dose de 3.170 kg ha-1 de gesso na cultura da soja. A utilizacao do gesso eleva a produtividade do trigo, cultivar CD 104, em solo com presenca de Al trocavel, mas nao influencia a produtividade da soja em ambas os solos, com ou sem Al.

Qualidade fisiológica de sementes de três cultivares de trigo submetidas à inoculação e diferentes tratamentos

The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of wheat seed treated with plant growth regulators, triadimenol and Azospirillum brasilense. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications in a 3x8factorial: three wheat cultivars and eight seed treatments. The cultivars used were CD-150, CD-116 and CD-104, and the treatments were a combination of three different substances: 150 g.L-1 triadimenol (TRI), 90 mg.L-1 kinetin + 50 mg.L-1 giberellic acid + 50 mg.L-1 indolebutyric acid (CGA) and strains Ab-V5 and Ab-V6 of A. brasilense at a concentration of 2.0 x 108 viable cells mL-1 (AZO), as follows: control, TRI, CGA, AZO, TRI+CGA, TRI+AZO, AZO+CGA and TRI+CGA+AZO. Germination and abnormal seedlings (%), shoot and hypocotyl length and the diameter, length and number of roots, dry weight of shoot and root/shoot were determined. The results showed that: the treatments did not affect seed germination; the treatments did not increases the early development of wheat seedlings and triadimenol alone or in combination with A. brasilense plant growth regulator resulted in lower values for shoot, root and hypocotyl length and root number for all the cultivars.

Spacing, population density and nitrogen fertilization in corn grown in an Oxisoil

The objective of this study was to evaluate yield components, leaf nitrogen content and grain yield in corn as affected by row spacing, plant density and nitrogen topdressing. The experiment was conducted with the singlecross hybrid AG 8021, in the municipality of Toledo-PR, in an Oxisoil under no-tillage system, in the crop year 2005/ 2006. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design and treatments in split-split-plots, with four replications. The two row spacings (0.45 and 0.90 m) were allocated in the main plots, the two plant densities (60,000 and 80,000 plants ha -1 ) were allocated in the subplots and the three nitrogen rates (80, 100, 120 and 140 kg ha -1 N) were allocated in the sub-subplots. Topdress nitrogen was applied using urea as N source. The rise of the plant population from 60,000 to 80,000 plants ha -1 and the application of topdress nitrogen resulted in increased production components. The application of topdress fertilization provided increase in leaf N content and grain yield for the spacings 0.45 m and 0.90 m. Yield was higher in the spacing 0.45 m than 0.90 m. Yield was higher with 60,000 plants than with 80,000 plants at 0.90 m, while at 0.45 m there was no dif ference in relation to the plant density .

Influência da densidade do solo no desenvolvimento inicial do pinhão-manso cultivado em Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico

Influence of soil density on the early growth of Jatrophacurcas L. cultivated in Oxisol The objective of this work was to evaluate theinfluence of soil densities on the early growth ofthephysic nut(JatrophacurcasL.). The experiment wascarried out in 10.6 dm 3 pots in a greenhouse.The soilused in the experiment wasa clay-texture Oxisolcollected in Marechal Cândido Rondon, Parana State, Brazil. The experimental designwas randomized blockswith five levels ofsoil density (1.08, 1.22, 1.36, 1.50and 1.64kg dm -3 ) with four repetitions. Biometric and plant tissue evaluations were performed 120 days after plant emergence.It was found a reduction by 25% in plant heightat a density of1.64kg dm -3 when compared todensity of1.08kg dm -3 . For root length, the reduction was approximately 24%, 35%, 54% and 66%at the densities of1.22,1.36,1.50 and1.64 kg dm -3 ,

AGUA RESIDUAL DE SUINOCULTURA EN ATRIBUTOS QUÍMICOS DEL SUELO Y TENORES FOLIARES DE SOJA Y MAÍZ

O uso de adubacao orgânica via agua residuaria de suinocultura (ARS), pode afetar os atributos quimicos do solo, devendo ser monitorado,visto que o excesso econtaminante ambiental potencial. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as alteracoes de atributos quimicos do solo, teores foliares das culturas de soja e milho segunda safra apos aplicacao de doses de ARS. O experimento foi conduzido em Latossolo Vermelho, sob sistema de plantio direto no centro de pesquisada Cooperativa Agroindustrial Consolata. Foi utilizado o delineamento de blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas,sendo alocados nas parcelas principais doses de 0, 35, 70,105 e 140 m3 ha-1 ano-1 de ARS,e, nas subparcelas, dois niveis de adubacao mineral (ausencia e presenca), com soja e milho segunda safra no periodo compreendido do experimento de setembro de 2013 a agosto de 2014. Apos colheita do milho segunda safra, amostras de solo nas camadas de 0-0,10 e 0,10-0,20 m foram realizadas, determinando-se de carbono orgânico, P, K, Cu e Zn, alem da determinacao dos teores foliares de N, P, K, Cu e Zn das culturas de soja e milho segunda safra. A aplicacao de ARS aumentaos niveis de P nas camadas 0-0,10 e 0,10-0,20 me nos teores foliares da cultura da soja, demonstrando que nutrientes presentes naARS podem ser aproveitados pelas culturas. As doses de 105 e 140 m3 ha-1 ano-1 devem ser evitadas devida a alta concentracao de N, e do aumento dos teores de P em concentracoes que constituem risco ambiental.

Água residuária de suinocultura sobre a produtividade de soja e milho segunda safra: uso e viabilidade econômica

There is urgency in researches for recommendation doses, timing and methods of swine wastewater (SW) application, which is made up of organic waste and minerals, which can be absorbed by plants. The objective was to evaluate economic viability and the effect of swine wastewater associated with mineral fertilizer in succession soybean crop and second crop corn under no tillage system in Oxisol on West of Parana State, Brazil. From September 2013 to August 2014, an experiment was conducted with five doses of swine wastewater (0, 35, 70, 135 and 140 m 3 ha -1 yr -1 ), and two levels of mineral fertilizer (absence and presence). Treatments arranged in a completely randomized split-plot blocks with four replications, allocated to plots the factor doses of swine wastewater and the subplot factor mineral fertilizer. Biometric variables, yield and economic analysis from the net income of the soybean crop and second crop corn were evaluated. There was a linear increase in grain moisture content and in corn productivity in succession of soybean, fertilized with SW. The calculated dose that showed the highest rates of net revenues was treating as 70 m 3 ha -1 yr -1 , with R

INFLUÊNCIA DE PROTETORES FÍSICOS COLORIDOS NAS TROCAS GASOSAS EM MUDAS DE CANAFÍSTULA [ Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub.]

3221.43 and R

Efficiency of commercial products for the control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary in soybean cultivar NS 5909 RG

3114.25 for distances of 5000 and 10000 meters, respectively.

Phosphorus and potassium fertilization in culture of soybean plants in the Oxisol

The utilization of physical protectors has been considered an efficient technique for direct sowing of different species, mainly native ones. Based on the importance of the species Peltophorum dubium for revegetation of degraded areas, tree planting and landscaping, this study evaluated gas exchanges in canafistula seedlings under the influence of physical protectors subjected to different luminosity rates. The experiment was carried out in pots a Dystropheric Red Latosol, a typical soil of the study region. Seedlings of Peltophorum dubium were evaluated at 30, 50, 70, 90, 110, and 130 days after sowing (DAS). Thus, the following treatments were adopted: T1, absence of physical protector (APP); T2, transparent physical protector (TPP); T3, transparent physical protector + blue cellophane (BPP) and T4, transparent physical 1 Biológo, Dr., Professor da Escola Politécnica, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Av. da União, 500, Jardim Coopagro, CEP 85902-532, Toledo (PR), Brasil. jeferson.klein@pucpr.br 2 Engenheiro Agrônomo, Dr., Professor da Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste-UNICENTRO, campus Cedeteg, Setor de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Departamento de Agronomia, Rua Simeão Varela de Sá, 03, Vila Carli, CEP 85040-080, Guarapuava (PR), Brasil. rampimleandro@yahoo.com.br 3 Biológa, Dra., Pesquisadora do Programa Nacional de Pós-Doutorado da Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Rua Pernanbuco, 1777, Caixa Postal 91, Centro, CEP 85960-000, Marechal Cândido Rondon (PR), Brasil. deborakestring@yahoo.com.br 4 Engenheiro Agrônomo, Dr., Professor da Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Rua Pernanbuco, 1777, Caixa Postal 91, Centro, CEP: 85960-000, Marechal Cândido Rondon (PR), Brasil. vandeirfg@yahoo.com.br 5 Engenheiro Agrônomo, Dr., Professor do Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 510, Distrito de Rubião Júnior, CEP: 18618-970, Botucatu (SP), Brasil. mingo@ibb.unesp.br Recebido para publicação em 27/10/2011 e aceito em 17/10/2014The utilization of physical protectors has been considered an efficient technique for direct sowing of different species, mainly native ones. Based on the importance of the species Peltophorum dubium for revegetation of degraded areas, tree planting and landscaping, this study evaluated gas exchanges in canafistula seedlings under the influence of physical protectors subjected to different luminosity rates. The experiment was carried out in pots Latossolo Vermelho Distroferrico, a typical soil of the study region. Seedlings of Peltophorum dubium were evaluated at 30, 50, 70, 90, 110, and 130 days after sowing (DAS). Thus, the following treatments were adopted: T1, absence of physical protector (APP); T2, transparent physical protector (TPP); T3, transparent physical protector + blue cellophane (BPP) and T4, transparent physical protector + red cellophane (RPP). The evaluated characteristics were: stomatal conductance, transpiration, CO 2 assimilation, CO 2 concentration inside the substomatal chamber and water use efficiency. In general, all types of physical protectors led to higher mean values of gas exchanges during their permanence in the sowing site until 70 DAS, except for CO 2 assimilation. However, water use efficiency was higher in APP seedlings at the same period.

Desenvolvimento inicial do milho e atributos químicos do solo em função de diferentes doses de silicato de cálcio

The constant assessment of methods of disease control is essential in achieving production regularity and for ongoing increments in soybean productivity. Among the various diseases, the intensity of the white mold has been increasing, caused especially by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. The present work has the objective to assess different seed treatments in association with fungicide application to control the white mold in soybean. The experimental design used was complete randomized blocks design with split plots. In the plots, the treatments were: control - no seed treatment; Certeza® (thiophanate methyl + fluazinam 45 + 60 g ha-1) and Trichodermil® (Trichodermaharzianum ‘1306’ 1.250 mL 100 kg-1 - 109 viable spores mL-1). In each seed treatment, the application was done on aerial part of subplots.The treatmentsin aerial part were: control (with no fungicides application); three applications of Derosal® (carbendazim) 1.000 gi.a./ha-1 in R1, R2 and R5.1; three applications of Cercobin 700 WP® (thiophanate methyl) 600 gi.a./ha-1 in R1, R2 and R5.1;Cercobin 700 WP® (thiophanate methyl) in R1, Sumilex (procimidone) 750 gi.a./ha-1 in R2 and Frowncide (fluazinam) 750 gi.a./ha-1 in R5.1.There were assessments on the emergence and height of the plants in V3 and the severity of the disease at the phenological stages R1, R3, R5.5 and R7. The variables thousand-grain weight, productivity and the economic analysis were determined after the harvesting of the plots. The treatments of seeds with thiophanate methyl+ fluazinam and Trichoderma harzianum and the applications of thiophanate methyl, procimidone and fluazinam on the aerial part stood out in the control of the disease. The net income showed that despite the high cost of the plant protection products, there were increases in the profitability of the crop. Key words: White mold, Glycine max, Economic analysis.