Leonard T. Wright

Costs of Urban Stormwater Control

This paper presents information on the cost of stormwater pollution control facilities in urban areas, including collection, control, and treatment systems. Information on prior cost studies of control technologies and cost estimating models used in these studies was collected, reviewed, and evaluated. The collection phase involved identifying, screening, and consolidating publications associated with capital costs of stormwater conveyance systems and control technologies. The resulting data were evaluated to develop a critical review of costs for urban stormwater control technologies, including identification of cost information gaps and research needs.

Comparing Rainfall Dependent Inflow and Infiltration Simulation Methods

Rainfall dependent inflow and infiltration (RDII) is a significant, though undesirable, component of the urban wet-weather water budget in many sanitary sewer …

Micro-scale Modeling of Low Impact Development

Low Impact Development (LID) is an innovative micro-scale runoff control strategy for WWF management issues. This technology is based on a combined strategy of conservation to reduce hydrologic impacts and the incorporation of distributed micro-scale Best Management Practices (BMPs) throughout the subcatchment. This site-based approach has a goal of maintaining the pre-development hydrologic regime of the project site. Because this is a volume-based approach to management of runoff, there is great potential to reduce the runoff volume, sediment loads, and floatables that can reach receiving waters. In order to fully understand the effects of reduced runoff volume and timing, as well as the full implementation of this technology within the catchment, modifications to existing models and new models must be developed. This paper will explore the potential and limitations of existing models to evaluate the effectiveness of this design approach.

Integration of GIS and Optimization for Evaluating Urban Storm Water Quality Options

Urban storm water quality can be protected by maximizing the infiltration of frequent micro storms that account for the majority of the precipitation in urban areas. A proposed criterion is that the pre-development initial abstraction of precipitation should not be decreased by development. The NRCS Curve Number Method is used to estimate the initial abstraction. Traditional approaches only partition land use into major categories such as medium density residential. Using GIS, land use can be measured down to the individual functional units such as roofs and driveways. Also, the critically important right of way area can be identified as a separate land use. Right of way constitutes a significant portion of urban land use and is responsible for a large proportion of the directly connected impervious area and pollutant loads. A linear programming (LP) model is used to find the mix of functional land use types that minimizes the cost of retaining the initial abstraction at its pre-development level. This LP model uses land use information from the GIS as input data. The methodology is demonstrated on a case study to illustrate the procedure.

On Integrating Continous Simulation and Statistical Methods for Evaluating Urban Stormwater Systems

The purpose of this chapter is to discuss various approaches for estimating the pollutant removal by urban stormwater detention systems. After a brief descript…