Letícia de Oliveira Borba

A sobrecarga da família que convive com a realidade do transtorno mental

OBJECTIVE: To be acquainted with the stress over families living with psychic disorder. METHODS: This is a qualitative research, with a hermeneutic-dialectic approach. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with ten family members of mentally ill persons in a Psychosocial Attention center and on their homes. Gathered data was grouped in themes for later analysis. RESULTS: We identified the presence of three overload types: financial overload, related to medicine and consultation spending; attention overload, because its the responsibility of a single individual; physical and emotional overload, represented by tension and anxiety. CONCLUSION: The need for attention of the family of the mentally ill is evidenced. Once the the coping strategies are grasped, it can become a therapeutical and resocializing space.Objective: To be acquainted with the stress over families living with psychic disorder. Methods: This is a qualitative research, with a hermeneutic-dialectic approach. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with ten family members of mentally ill persons in a Psychosocial Attention center and on their homes. Gathered data was grouped in themes for later analysis. Results: We identified the presence of three overload types: financial overload, related to medicine and consultation spending; attention overload, because it’s the responsibility of a single individual; physical and emotional overload, represented by tension and anxiety. Conclusion: The need for attention of the family of the mentally ill is evidenced. Once the the coping strategies are grasped, it can become a therapeutical and resocializing space.

Perfil dos dependentes químicos atendidos em uma unidade de reabilitação de um hospital psiquiátrico

Investigacion descriptiva. Objetivo: caracterizar el perfil de los dependientes quimicos atendidos en la unidad de rehabilitacion de un hospital psiquiatrico. Participaron 30 dependientes quimicos. Los datos fueron colectados por medio de entrevista. El grupo etario prevalente fue entre 26 y 33 anos, 50% empleados; 77% perdio el empleo por lo menos una vez por abuso de drogas; el 80% tuvo episodios de separacion relacionada con el uso de drogas; 11 participantes fueron diagnosticados con trastorno mental antes de la internacion y de estos, 9 intentaron el suicidio; 71% inicio el uso de drogas por el alcohol con mayor predominancia en el rango de edad de 12 hasta 19 anos; 71% tuvo contacto con la droga en el ambiente familiar y en 30% de los casos fue a traves de amigos. El abuso de esas sustancias afecta personas en edad productiva, adultos jovenes, cuyo inicio ocurrio en el circulo familiar y afecto el desempeno en el trabajo y la relacion familiar del usuario.

A família e o portador de transtorno mental: dinâmica e sua relação familiar

Pesquisa exploratoria realizada de setembro a novembro de 2008, com seis familias de portadores de transtorno mental em uma Associacao de pacientes e familiares em Curitiba. Objetivos: conhecer o papel da familia em relacao ao portador de transtorno mental, e identificar a percepcao da familia com relacao a saude mental-transtorno mental, ao portador de transtorno mental e ao tratamento em saude mental. Os dados foram obtidos mediante a tecnica de Discussao de Grupo e organizados em categorias tematicas. Constatou-se que o papel da familia e cuidar, incentivar, estar presente; a saude mental e a capacidade de se relacionar, desempenhar atividades sem sofrimento; transtorno mental e o inverso, diante dele as familias se percebem impotentes; o internamento e percebido como sofrimento, e destaca-se a importância do tratamento farmacologico. Ha a necessidade de discutir essas questoes com as familias e instrumentalizar os profissionais de saude para atender essas novas demandas de cuidados.UNLABELLED This exploratory study was performed from September to November 2008, with six families of patients with mental disorders from a patients and family association in Curitiba. OBJECTIVES to learn about the role of the family of patients with mental disorders, and to identify the familys perception of mental health - mental disorder, the patient with mental disorder and the mental health treatment. The data was obtained through Group Discussions and organized into thematic categories. It was found that the role of the family is to care, encourage, be there; mental health is the ability to establish relationships, perform activities without suffering; mental disorder is the opposite, in face of which the families feel helpless; hospitalization is seen as suffering, and the highlight is on the importance of the drug treatment. It is necessary to discuss on these issues with the families and prepare health professionals to meet these new health needs.

Stress on families living with the reality of mental disorder

OBJECTIVE: To be acquainted with the stress over families living with psychic disorder. METHODS: This is a qualitative research, with a hermeneutic-dialectic approach. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with ten family members of mentally ill persons in a Psychosocial Attention center and on their homes. Gathered data was grouped in themes for later analysis. RESULTS: We identified the presence of three overload types: financial overload, related to medicine and consultation spending; attention overload, because its the responsibility of a single individual; physical and emotional overload, represented by tension and anxiety. CONCLUSION: The need for attention of the family of the mentally ill is evidenced. Once the the coping strategies are grasped, it can become a therapeutical and resocializing space.Objective: To be acquainted with the stress over families living with psychic disorder. Methods: This is a qualitative research, with a hermeneutic-dialectic approach. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with ten family members of mentally ill persons in a Psychosocial Attention center and on their homes. Gathered data was grouped in themes for later analysis. Results: We identified the presence of three overload types: financial overload, related to medicine and consultation spending; attention overload, because it’s the responsibility of a single individual; physical and emotional overload, represented by tension and anxiety. Conclusion: The need for attention of the family of the mentally ill is evidenced. Once the the coping strategies are grasped, it can become a therapeutical and resocializing space.

O papel da equipe de enfermagem no centro de atenção psicossocial

Pesquisa qualitativa, exploratoria-descritiva, desenvolvida no ano de 2008, em um Centro de Atencao Psicossocial II e ad de um municipio da regiao metropolitana de Curitiba. OBJETIVO: conhecer o papel da equipe de enfermagem junto a equipe multidisciplinar do Centro de Atencao Psicossocial. Os sujeitos foram dois enfermeiros e tres auxiliares de enfermagem. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada e organizados em categorias tematicas: As especificidades da assistencia no Centro de Atencao Psicossocial e O papel da equipe de enfermagem no Centro de Atencao Psicossocial. Os profissionais de enfermagem reconhecem que o CAPS representa avanco na qualidade da assistencia em saude mental ao considerar o tratamento humanizado e as possibilidades de ressocializacao em contraposicao ao modelo hospitalocentrico. Entretanto, e preciso considerar que ha uma confusao em relacao ao seu papel enquanto membro da equipe multiprofissional desse servico.

O tratamento ao portador de transtorno mental: um diálogo com a legislação federal brasileira (1935-2001)

The objective of this historical study, based on social history and developed in 2008 was to identify Mental Health Brazilian Federal Legislation from 1935 to 2001 and analyze treatment modes used on patients with mental disorders. Thirty-six legal displays were accessed. From 1935 to 1990, Brazilian legislation treated administrative questions in mental health with references to terms like psychopath, mental alienation, and psychopathic reactions, which are now considered pejorative and prejudicial. The results of the legal displays show that in recent years mental health assistance has suffered several transformations. In the period from 1991 to 2001, treatment modes have focused on the care model which seeks a rupture from the hospital-centered model and which emphasizes humanization, social reinsertion, the preservation and rescue of the citizenship of people with mental disorders, as well as the evaluation of these services in order to guarantee these patients’ rights. DESCRIPTORS: Mental health. Legislation. Treatment. EL TRATAMIENTO A PACIENTES CON TRASTORNO MENTAL: UN DIALOGO CON LA LEGISLACION FEDERAL BRASILENA (1935-2001) RESUMEN: Investigacion de caracter historico-social, desarrollada en 2008, con el objetivo de identificar la legislacion federal de salud mental de 1935 a 2001, y analizar los modos de tratamiento recomendados para pacientes con trastorno mental. Se obtuvieron treinta y seis aparatos legales. Se verifico que la legislacion en el periodo de 1935 a 1990 trataba de las cuestiones administrativas de la salud mental. La legislacion contiene referencias a terminos, tales como: psicopata, alienacion mental y reacciones psicopaticas, que en la actualidad son considerados peyorativos y prejuicios. Los resultados demuestran que en los ultimos anos, la legislacion sobre la atencion a la salud mental sufrio amplias modificaciones, y en el periodo de 1991 a 2001, los modos de tratamientos se centran en el modelo asistencial que pretende romper con el modo hospitalocentrico, enfatizar la humanizacion, la reinsercion social, la preservacion y restauracion de la ciudadania de las personas con trastornos mentales y la evaluacion de esos servicios para garantizar los derechos de ese grupo. DESCRIPTORES: Salud mental. Legislacion. Tratamiento.

Abordagem da equipe de enfermagem ao usuário na emergência em saúde mental em um pronto atendimento

This qualitative exploratory study was conducted in 2008, at a Municipal Emergency Care Center in Curitiba. Objective: to learn about the conception of the nursing team about emergencies in mental health, and analyze how the nursing team approaches users with mental disorders in cases of emergency. Participants were 6 nurses and 7 nursing technicians working in emergency and hospitalization. Data collection was performed using semi-structured interviews and organized into thematic categories. Participants considered psychiatric emergencies as situations that may threat their own lives or that of others. The emergency characteristics they mentioned were: aggressive and agitated behavior, suicide attempt and substance abuse. The first impression of the patients behavior and an attempt to have conversation determine the conducts adopted by the professionals. They recognize their difficulty and lack of preparation to approach the patient. In conclusion, there is a need for permanent education on new services and for adjustments to existing services for care in this area.Investigacion cualitativa, exploratoria, desarrollada en 2008, en Centro Municipal de Emergencias Medicas/Curitiba. Objetivos: conocer la concepcion del equipo de enfermeria sobre emergencias psiquiatricas y analizar como se desarrolla el abordaje del equipo al usuario con transtorno mental en emergencia. Participaron 6 enfermeros y 7 tecnicos en enfermeria que actuan en emergencias e internaciones. Los datos fueron obtenidos mediante entrevista semiestructurada y organizados en categorias tematicas. Para los participantes, las emergencias psiquiatricas son situaciones que presentan riesgo vital para la persona o terceros. Como caracteristicas de la emergencia, citaron: comportamiento agresivo y agitado, tentativa de suicidio y abuso de sustancias. La primera impresion del comportamiento del paciente y la tentativa de dialogo determinan las conductas a adoptarse por los profesionales. Reconocen dificultad e inexperiencia en el abordaje del paciente. Se concluye en que hay necesidad de educacion permanente sobre nuevos servicios y adaptaciones de los existentes para la atencion del area.UNLABELLED This qualitative exploratory study was conducted in 2008, at a Municipal Emergency Care Center in Curitiba. OBJECTIVE to learn about the conception of the nursing team about emergencies in mental health, and analyze how the nursing team approaches users with mental disorders in cases of emergency. Participants were 6 nurses and 7 nursing technicians working in emergency and hospitalization. Data collection was performed using semi-structured interviews and organized into thematic categories. Participants considered psychiatric emergencies as situations that may threat their own lives or that of others. The emergency characteristics they mentioned were: aggressive and agitated behavior, suicide attempt and substance abuse. The first impression of the patients behavior and an attempt to have conversation determine the conducts adopted by the professionals. They recognize their difficulty and lack of preparation to approach the patient. In conclusion, there is a need for permanent education on new services and for adjustments to existing services for care in this area.

Assistência em saúde mental sustentada no modelo psicossocial: narrativas de familiares e pessoas com transtorno mental

This study was performed in 2009 in Curitiba, using the thematic oral history technique. The participants were eight individuals from three different families who had one relative suffering from a mental disorder. The objective of the study was to describe the perception of relatives and persons with mental disorders regarding mental healthcare based on the psychosocial model. The data were obtained through semi-structured interviews, which were then analyzed and organized descriptively. The participants opined that extra-hospital services such as the Psychosocial Care Center and mental health outpatient clinics are innovative strategies. They described receiving assistance from a multidisciplinary team, the mediation of family conflicts, and the principle of territoriality. They highlighted that the individual with a mental disorder is followed by the Basic Health Unit and emphasized the importance of mental health network connections. They believe that including the family in the treatment regime improves family relationships and their acceptance of the disease.Investigacion segun metodologia de historia oral tematica, desarrollada durante 2009 en Curitiba, con ocho colaboradores pertenecientes a tres familias con un miembro padeciendo transtorno mental. Se objetivo describir la percepcion de familiares y portadores de transtorno mental sobre la atencion de salud mental basada en el modelo psicosocial. Datos recabados mediante entrevista semiestructurada, analizados y presentados de modo descriptivo. Los colaboradores consideraron estrategias innovadoras a los servicios extrahospitalarios como el Centro de Atencion Psicosocial y ambulatorios de salud mental, mencionaron la atencion por parte de equipo multidisciplinario, la mediacion de conflictos familiares y el principio de territorialidad. Destacaron el seguimiento del portador de transtorno mental por la Unidad Basica de Salud y resaltaron la importancia de las asociaciones en la red de salud mental. Atribuyeron la mejora de las relaciones familiares y la aceptacion del padecimiento a la inclusion de la familia en el tratamiento

The family and the mental disturbance carrier: dynamics and their family relationship

Pesquisa exploratoria realizada de setembro a novembro de 2008, com seis familias de portadores de transtorno mental em uma Associacao de pacientes e familiares em Curitiba. Objetivos: conhecer o papel da familia em relacao ao portador de transtorno mental, e identificar a percepcao da familia com relacao a saude mental-transtorno mental, ao portador de transtorno mental e ao tratamento em saude mental. Os dados foram obtidos mediante a tecnica de Discussao de Grupo e organizados em categorias tematicas. Constatou-se que o papel da familia e cuidar, incentivar, estar presente; a saude mental e a capacidade de se relacionar, desempenhar atividades sem sofrimento; transtorno mental e o inverso, diante dele as familias se percebem impotentes; o internamento e percebido como sofrimento, e destaca-se a importância do tratamento farmacologico. Ha a necessidade de discutir essas questoes com as familias e instrumentalizar os profissionais de saude para atender essas novas demandas de cuidados.UNLABELLED This exploratory study was performed from September to November 2008, with six families of patients with mental disorders from a patients and family association in Curitiba. OBJECTIVES to learn about the role of the family of patients with mental disorders, and to identify the familys perception of mental health - mental disorder, the patient with mental disorder and the mental health treatment. The data was obtained through Group Discussions and organized into thematic categories. It was found that the role of the family is to care, encourage, be there; mental health is the ability to establish relationships, perform activities without suffering; mental disorder is the opposite, in face of which the families feel helpless; hospitalization is seen as suffering, and the highlight is on the importance of the drug treatment. It is necessary to discuss on these issues with the families and prepare health professionals to meet these new health needs.

Fatores que interferem na adesão ao tratamento de dependência química: percepção de profissionais de saúde

Exploratory, qualitative research performed at a Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Other Drugs in the metropolitan area of the city of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, from March to April 2013. This study aimed to identify health professionals’ perceptions on the factors that interfere in patient compliance with chemical dependence treatments. All health professionals from the Care Center participated in the research (9). Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews and analyzed by Minayo’s Qualitative Data Interpretation, resulting in two categories: drug users’ intrinsic factors for treatment compliance, which entailed motivational influences, use of medication, and the type of psychoactive substance; and drug users’ extrinsic factors for treatment compliance, which included influences from the family, socioeconomics, and healthcare services. It could therefore be concluded that the identification of such factors may well aid in identifying more appropriate therapeutic intervention planning, in an attempt to increase both compliance and quality of life.Pesquisa qualitativa e exploratoria realizada de marco a abril de 2013 em um centro de atencao psicossocial alcool e outras drogas da regiao metropolitana de Curitiba, com o objetivo de identificar a percepcao dos profissionais de saude sobre os fatores que interferem na adesao ao tratamento da dependencia quimica. Participaram da pesquisa todos os profissionais de saude. Os dados foram coletados mediante entrevista semiestruturada e analisados pela interpretacao qualitativa de dados de Minayo, resultando em duas categorias: fatores intrinseco sao dependente quimico na adesao ao tratamento, que compreendeu influencias de motivacao, de uso de medicamentos e tipo de substância psicoativa; e fatores extrinsecos ao dependente quimico na adesao ao tratamento, que englobou influencias familiares, socioeconomicas e dos servicos de saude. Concluiu-se que a identificacao desses fatores ofertam subsidios para o planejamento de intervencoes terapeuticas mais apropriadas, com vistas ao aumento da adesao e da qualidade de vida. (AU) Exploratory, qualitative research performed at a Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Other Drugs in the metropolitan area of the city ofCuritiba, Parana, Brazil, from March to April 2013. This study aimed to identify health professionals’ perceptions on the factors that interfere inpatient compliance with chemical dependence treatments. All health professionals from the Care Center participated in the research (9). Data werecollected by means of semi-structured interviews and analyzed by Minayo’s Qualitative Data Interpretation, resulting in two categories: drug users’intrinsic factors for treatment compliance, which entailed motivational influences, use of medication, and the type of psychoactive substance; anddrug users’ extrinsic factors for treatment compliance, which included influences from the family, socioeconomics, and healthcare services. It could there fore be concluded that the identification of such factors may well aid in identifying more appropriate therapeutic intervention planning, in anattempt to increase both compliance and quality of life. (AU) Estudio cualitativo exploratorio realizado entre marzo y abril de 2013 en un centro de atencion psicosocial de alcohol y otras drogas en la regionmetropolitana de Curitiba, con el fin de identificar la percepcion de los profesionales de la salud acerca de los factores que influyen en la adherenciaal tratamiento de la dependencia quimica. Todos los profesionales de la salud (9) participaron de la investigacion. Los datos fueron recogidos atraves de la entrevista semi-estructurada y analizados por medio de la Interpretacion Cualitativa de Datos de Minayo, que dio como resultado doscategorias: factores intrinsecos al dependiente quimico en la adhesion al tratamiento, incluyendo influencias de motivacion, uso de medicamentosy tipo de sustancia psicoactiva; y factores extrinsecos al dependiente quimico en la adhesion al tratamiento, incluyendo influencias familiares,socioeconomicas y servicios de salud. Se concluye que la identificacion de los factores ofrece apoyo a la planificacion de las intervencionesterapeuticas mas adecuadas, con el fin de aumentar la adhesion y la calidad de vida. (AU)