Lilian Kolling Girardini

Perfil de suscetibilidade antimicrobiana e presença do gene vapA em Rhodococcus equi de origem humana, ambiental e equina

ABSTRACT.- Girardini L.K., Gressler L.T., Costa M.M., Botton S.A., Pellegrini D.C.P. & Vargas A.C. 2013. [Susceptibility profile of Brazilian Rhodococcus equi isolates to different antimicrobial classes and the presence of vapA gene.] Perfil de suscetibilidade antimi-crobiana e presenca do gene vapA em Rhodococcus equi de origem humana, ambiental e equina. Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira 33(6):735-740. Departamento de Medicina Veteri-naria Preventiva, Centro de Ciencias Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil. E-mail: agueda@ccr.ufsm.br Rhodococcus equi is a facultative intracellular bacterium and etiological agent of rodo-cocosis, an important disease that affects specially foals under six months old and leading the death generally due to pulmonary lesions. R. equi also has zoonotic potential, and it has emerged as an opportunistic pathogen in the world, specially infecting solid organ transplant recipients and immunocompromised human patients, mainly those infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Additionally,

Phylogenetic and pathotype analysis of Escherichia coli swine isolates from Southern Brazil

The current study evaluated the presence of virulence factors by a multiplex PCR technique and then phylogenetically classified the studied strains into groups A, B1, B2 and D, according to Clermont et al. (2000), in 152 intestinal and extraintestinal swine isolates of Escherichia coli. Seventy seven isolates tested were positive for virulence factors. Phylogenetic characterization placed 21 samples into group A, 65 into B1, 19 into B2 and 47 into D. Fourteen urine samples were classified as uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), nine were both UPEC and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and four were ETEC only. The most common phylogenetic classifications were B1 and D groups. Of the analyzed fecal samples, 25 were classified as ETEC. Phylogenetically, the group of higher occurrence was B1, followed by B2, A and D. For the small intestine samples, 20 were classified as ETEC. Phylogenetic analysis found groups B1 and A to be the most commons in these samples. Six isolated tissue samples were classified as ETEC and most of them were designated as group D by phylogenetic classification. The phylogenetic analysis could be employed in veterinary laboratories in the E. coli isolates screening, including the possibility of vaccine strain selection and epidemiological searches.

Perfil de resistência a antimicrobianos de grupos clonais de Staphylococcus aureus isolados de pequenas propriedades leiteiras do sul do Brasil

Girardini L.K., Paim D.S., Ausani T.C., Lopes G.V., Pellegrini D.C.P., Brito M.A.V.P. & Cardoso M. 2016. Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Staphylococcus aureus clusters on small dairy farms in southern Brazil. Pesquisa Vetrinária Brasileira 36(10):951956. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9090, Porto Alegre, RS 91540-000, Brazil. E-mail: mcardoso@ufrgs.br In intensive dairy farming, persistent intramammary infection has been associated with specific Staphylococcus (S.) aureus strains, and these strains may be resistant to antimicrobials. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance phenotypes of S. aureus isolates and to assess the distribution and the persistence of clonal groups in small dairy herds of southern Brazil. Milk samples were collected from all lactating cows from 21 dairy farms over a two-year period, totaling 1,060 samples. S. aureus isolates were tested for susceptibility to thirteen antimicrobials using the disk diffusion method. The total DNA of the isolates was subjected to SmaI digestion followed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Banding patterns differing by ≤4 bands were considered members of a single PFGE cluster. The frequency of S. aureus isolation ranged from 3.45% to 70.59% among the 17 S. aureus-positive herds. Most S. aureus isolates (87.1%) were susceptible to all antimicrobials; resistance to penicillin (18.2%) was the most frequently observed. The 122 isolates subjected to macrorestriction analysis were classified into 30 PFGE-clusters. Among them, only 10 clusters were intermittent or persistent over the two-year period. The majority (93.6%) of isolates belonging to persistent and intermittent clusters were susceptible to all tested antimicrobials. S. aureus intramammary colonization in small dairy farms of southern Brazil is most frequently caused by sporadic PFGE clusters, although some persistent clusters can arise over time. Both sporadic and persistent isolates were highly susceptible to antimicrobials.

Efeito de um suplemento mineral traço e vitaminas A e E injetáveis sobre a produção e composição de leite em vacas Holandesas

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the use of mineral traces (Copper, Zinc, Selenium, and Manganese), as well as vitamins A and E in injectable forms on the production and composition of Dutch cow milk at the end of the transitional period, until after 60 days of lactation. 31 females were divided into two experimental groups: the treated grou p (n= 15) that received mineral supplements (10 mg of Copper, 40 mg of Zinc, 5 mg of Selenium, and 10 mg of Manganese) and vitamins (175 mg of vitamin A and 250 mg of vitamin E) and injections (5 mL minerals trace solution and 5 mL vitamin solution subcutaneously). After 225 gestation days, 255 pregnancy days and the estimated day of delivery, the control group (n = 16) that received injections of the sterilizing solution (5 mL dosage from a subcutaneous via) on the same days as the treated group. Milk samples were collected on the 7th, 14th and 21st days after birth, which were used to evaluate the production, the quality (colostrum), and composition (fat, lactose, protein, nonfat dry extract, total solids, urea, and somatic cell count (SCC)). The initial and minimum values estimated by the model indicated that there was not a difference in milk production and SCC levels between the groups. Among the remaining milk components, only the urea showed significant differences between treated and untreated groups (p= 0.002). Also, there were no significant differences observed in the quality of the colostrum. This leads us to believe that the use of injectable solutions containing Cu, Zn, Se, Mn and vitamins A and E have no effect on the composition of urea in the milk, and also showed no effect on SCC and other milk components, as well as in production. However, more studies should be performed.