Liu Chiao Yi

Resting energy expenditure in obese women: comparison between measured and estimated values.

Assessing energy requirements is a fundamental activity in clinical dietetic practice. The aim of this study was to investigate which resting energy expenditure (REE) predictive equations are the best alternatives to indirect calorimetry before and after an interdisciplinary therapy in Brazilian obese women. In all, twelve equations based on weight, height, sex, age, fat-free mass and fat mass were tested. REE was measured by indirect calorimetry. The interdisciplinary therapy consisted of nutritional, physical exercise, psychological and physiotherapy support during the course of 1 year. The average differences between measured and predicted REE, as well as the accuracy at the ±10 % level, were evaluated. Statistical analysis included paired t tests, intraclass correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman plots. Validation was based on forty obese women (BMI 30-39·9 kg/m2). Our major findings demonstrated a wide variation in the accuracy of REE predictive equations before and after weight loss in non-morbid, obese women. The equations reported by Harris-Benedict and FAO/WHO/United Nations University (UNU) were the only ones that did not show significant differences compared with indirect calorimetry and presented a bias <5 %. The Harris-Benedict equation provided 40 and 47·5 % accurate predictions before and after therapy, respectively. The FAO equation provided 35 and 47·5 % accurate predictions. However, the Bland-Altman analysis did not show good agreement between these equations and indirect calorimetry. Therefore, the Harris-Benedict and FAO/WHO/UNU equations should be used with caution for obese women. The need to critically re-assess REE data and generate regional and more homogeneous REE databases for the target population is reinforced.

Avaliação postural por fotogrametria em pacientes com escoliose idiopática submetidos à artrodese: estudo piloto

INTRODUCTION: Scoliosis is a structural change of the vertebrae three-dimensiona. Quantification of lateral deviation after surgical correction could assist about the prognosis for the evolution of curvature and better direction in rehabilitation. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and quantify the changes of posture in idiopathic scoliosis patients in the preoperative and postoperative surgical treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine patients with idiopathic scoliosis between 11 and 18 years of age were evaluated. The participants were photographed preoperatively and after four weeks of postoperatively. The anatomical points were marked on the skin. For analysis of the photographs, they were transferred to a computer that has installed the SAPO. Statistical analysis was performed using test t pareado. RESULTS: We observed a significant decrease in left axillary angle (EACE) and left angle Q (AQE), an increase in the angle of inclination of the trunk in anterior view (ITA), the angle between the highest point of the manubrium and left trapezius ( TAME), thoracic kyphosis angle of the right (CTD) and lumbar lordosis right and left (LLD and LLE) and the left tibiotarsal angle (ATTE). There was an increase in the distances between C7, T3 and T7 posterior superior iliac spine to the right (DC7, DT3 and T7) and C7, T3 and L4 posterior superior iliac spine to the left (EC7, ET3 and EL4). CONCLUSION: It was observed significant changes in the angles ECAA, AQE, ITA, TAME, CTD, LLD, LLE, and the distances ATTE DC7, DT3, DT7, EC7, and EL4 ET3 four weeks after arthrodesis.

Functional exercise capacity, lung function and chest wall deformity in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Introduction The adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) causes changes on the compliance of the chest. These changes may be associated with impaired lung function and reduced functional exercise capacity of these adolescents. We aimed to evaluate the correlation between functional exercise capacity, lung function and geometry of the chest at different stages of AIS.Materials and methods The study was carried out in a cross-sectional design which were evaluated 27 AIS patients at different stages of the disease. For chest wall evaluation, were created geometry angles/distances (A/D), which were quantified by Software Postural Assessment. The functional exercise capacity was assessed by a portable gas analyzer during the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT). Besides that, manovacuometry and spirometry were also performed.Results Linear regressions showed that oxygen uptake (peak VO2) was correlated with distance travelled in the ISWT (R2 = 0.52), maximal respiratory pressures, cough peak flow (R2 = 0.59) and some thoracic deformity markers (D1, D2 and A6).Discussion We observed that the chest wall alterations, lung function and respiratory muscle strength are related to the functional exercise capacity and may impair the physical activity performance in AIS patients.Final considerations There is correlation between functional exercise capacity, lung function and geometry of the chest in AIS patients. Our results point to the possible impact of the AIS in the physical activities of these adolescents. Therefore, efforts to prevent the disease progression are extremely important.

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and measurement properties of the Brazilian version of the Identification of Functional Ankle Instability (IdFAI) questionnaire

OBJECTIVES The aim of this research was to describe the translation and cultural adaptation, and to test the validity and reliability of the Brazilian version of the Identification of Functional Ankle Instability (IdFAI) questionnaire. DESIGN This was a clinical measurement. SETTING This research took place at the Federal University of Sao Paulo in Brazil. PARTICIPANTS Fifty college students participated in the translation and cultural adaptation, while another 50 students participated in the measurements (validity and reliability). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The cross-cultural adaptation of the Brazilian IdFAI was accomplished using standard guidelines. For the validity and reliability, the individuals were asked to complete the IdFAI tests on the same day, and after two weeks maximum. The validity was assessed by correlating the Brazilian IdFAI with the Visual Analog Scale for Instability (VAS-I), the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT), and the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) using Spearmans correlation coefficient. The test-retest reliability and internal consistency were determined by using an intraclass correlation (ICC2,1) and Cronbachs α, respectively. The agreement [standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable change at 90% (MDC90)] and the floor and ceiling effects were also assessed. RESULTS The Brazilian IdFAI had strong correlation with the CAIT and moderate correlations with the VAS-I and LEFS scale, with excellent reliability, internal consistency and agreement. No ceiling or floor effects were observed. CONCLUSION The Brazilian IdFAI questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument to identify functional ankle instability. It can be used in both clinical and research settings.

Qualidade de vida e funcionalidade em adolescentes com escoliose idiopática: estudo piloto

INTRODUCTION: Adolescent with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) presents a three-dimensional deformity in which progression can lead to decreased quality of life (QOL). OBJECTIVES:Determine the best questionnaire, SF-36 or SRS-22 to evaluate QOL in EIA. Secondarily, investigate the correlation between the degree of Cobb angle with visual analogue scale (VAS), and determine the best questionnaire, Oswestry or Roland Morris to evaluate the function. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 19 subjects with EIA, aged 11 to 18, both gender, and Cobb angle above 25 Cobb degrees. We used the SF-36 and SRS-22 questionnaires to evaluate QOL, Oswestry and Roland Morris to evaluate the function and correlate Cobb degree and VAS. The questionnaires and scale were correlated with proximal thoracic, main thoracic and lumbar Cobb angles. RESULTS:The population studied had a mean age of 14.5 (3.1), weight 51 kg (7.9), height 1.61 m (0.08), BMI 18.75 (2.7). The Pearson correlation coefficients between the Oswestry questionnaire and the Cobb angles proximal thoracic, main thoracic and lumbar spine were, respectively: r = 0.58, r = 0.77 and r = 0.58. By correlating the Roland Morris questionnaire with Cobb angles of proximal thoracic and lumbar spine were, respectively: r = 0.72 and r = 0.52. By correlating with lumbar Cobb EVA was found r = 0.55. CONCLUSION:We found a strong correlation between the Oswestry questionnaire with the main thoracic Cobb angle and between the Roland Morris questionnaire with the main thoracic Cobb angle.

Translation and cultural adaptation of the revised foot function index for the Portuguese language: FFI-R Brazil

BACKGROUND The revised foot function index (FFI-R) is used to evaluate the functionality of patients with conditions that affect the feet. The objective here was to produce the Brazilian Portuguese version of this index. DESIGN AND SETTING Translation and validation study conducted at the Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS The translation and cultural adaptation process involved translation by two independent translators, analysis by an expert committee, back translation into the original language, analysis by the expert committee again and a pretest. The Portuguese-language version was administered to 35 individuals with plantar fasciitis and metatarsalgia to determine their level of understanding of the assessment tool. RESULTS Changes were made to the terms and expressions of some original items to achieve cultural equivalence. Terms not understood by more than 10% of the sample were altered based on the suggestions of the patients themselves. CONCLUSION The translation and cultural adaptation of the FFI-R for the Portuguese language were completed and the Brazilian version was obtained.

Influencia del indice de masa corporal en el equilibrio y la configuracion plantar en obesos adultos

INTRODUCCION: La obesidad es una enfermedad cronica degenerativa multifactorial que puede llevar a alteraciones del sistema musculoesqueletico, como cambio del centro de gravedad y sobrecarga mecanica cuanto a los miembros inferiores. OBJETIVOS: Correlacionar el indice de masa corporal (IMC) con el equilibrio corporal y verificar el vinculo entre el IMC y la configuracion plantar. METODOS: Se evaluaron 30 obesos, de ambos sexos, con IMC mayor o igual a 30 Kg/m². Inicialmente, los voluntarios fueron sometidos a las evaluaciones de medidas antropometricas a fin de calcular el valor del IMC. A continuacion, fueron sometidos a la prueba de equilibrio corporal estatico Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) y a plantigrafia para la identificacion de la impresion plantar. Por medio del metodo de Viladot, los voluntarios fueron clasificados en grupos: pie plano (GPP), pie cavo (GPC) y pie neutro (GPN). La correlacion entre las variables IMC y BESS fue calculada mediante el coeficiente de correlacion linear de Pearson y el vinculo entre el IMC y la configuracion plantar fue identificado por medio del analisis de variancia (ANOVA). Para todos los analisis, el nivel de significancia que se considero fue p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Los valores de correlacion entre el IMC y el BESS fueron r = - 0,1 y p = 0,59. Los valores del vinculo del IMC entre GPN-GPP, GPN-GPC, GPP-GPC fueron, respectivamente: p = 0,76; p = 0,001; p = 0,07. CONCLUSION: El indice de masa corporal de adultos obesos no influencia en el equilibrio corporal, no obstante, influye en la configuracion plantar.

Influencia do indice de massa corporal no equilibrio e na configuracao plantar em obesos adultos

INTRODUCCION: La obesidad es una enfermedad cronica degenerativa multifactorial que puede llevar a alteraciones del sistema musculoesqueletico, como cambio del centro de gravedad y sobrecarga mecanica cuanto a los miembros inferiores. OBJETIVOS: Correlacionar el indice de masa corporal (IMC) con el equilibrio corporal y verificar el vinculo entre el IMC y la configuracion plantar. METODOS: Se evaluaron 30 obesos, de ambos sexos, con IMC mayor o igual a 30 Kg/m². Inicialmente, los voluntarios fueron sometidos a las evaluaciones de medidas antropometricas a fin de calcular el valor del IMC. A continuacion, fueron sometidos a la prueba de equilibrio corporal estatico Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) y a plantigrafia para la identificacion de la impresion plantar. Por medio del metodo de Viladot, los voluntarios fueron clasificados en grupos: pie plano (GPP), pie cavo (GPC) y pie neutro (GPN). La correlacion entre las variables IMC y BESS fue calculada mediante el coeficiente de correlacion linear de Pearson y el vinculo entre el IMC y la configuracion plantar fue identificado por medio del analisis de variancia (ANOVA). Para todos los analisis, el nivel de significancia que se considero fue p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Los valores de correlacion entre el IMC y el BESS fueron r = - 0,1 y p = 0,59. Los valores del vinculo del IMC entre GPN-GPP, GPN-GPC, GPP-GPC fueron, respectivamente: p = 0,76; p = 0,001; p = 0,07. CONCLUSION: El indice de masa corporal de adultos obesos no influencia en el equilibrio corporal, no obstante, influye en la configuracion plantar.

Influence of body mass index in balance and foot print in obese adults

INTRODUCCION: La obesidad es una enfermedad cronica degenerativa multifactorial que puede llevar a alteraciones del sistema musculoesqueletico, como cambio del centro de gravedad y sobrecarga mecanica cuanto a los miembros inferiores. OBJETIVOS: Correlacionar el indice de masa corporal (IMC) con el equilibrio corporal y verificar el vinculo entre el IMC y la configuracion plantar. METODOS: Se evaluaron 30 obesos, de ambos sexos, con IMC mayor o igual a 30 Kg/m². Inicialmente, los voluntarios fueron sometidos a las evaluaciones de medidas antropometricas a fin de calcular el valor del IMC. A continuacion, fueron sometidos a la prueba de equilibrio corporal estatico Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) y a plantigrafia para la identificacion de la impresion plantar. Por medio del metodo de Viladot, los voluntarios fueron clasificados en grupos: pie plano (GPP), pie cavo (GPC) y pie neutro (GPN). La correlacion entre las variables IMC y BESS fue calculada mediante el coeficiente de correlacion linear de Pearson y el vinculo entre el IMC y la configuracion plantar fue identificado por medio del analisis de variancia (ANOVA). Para todos los analisis, el nivel de significancia que se considero fue p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Los valores de correlacion entre el IMC y el BESS fueron r = - 0,1 y p = 0,59. Los valores del vinculo del IMC entre GPN-GPP, GPN-GPC, GPP-GPC fueron, respectivamente: p = 0,76; p = 0,001; p = 0,07. CONCLUSION: El indice de masa corporal de adultos obesos no influencia en el equilibrio corporal, no obstante, influye en la configuracion plantar.