Patrícia Rios Poletto

Functional aerobic exercise capacity limitation in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

BACKGROUND CONTEXT Exercise limitation has been described in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS); however, whether the walking performance is impaired in these patients should be elucidated. PURPOSE Thus, we aimed to evaluate the physiologic responses to the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in patients with AIS. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING Cross-sectional study. PATIENT SAMPLE Twenty-nine patients with AIS and 20 healthy adolescents aged between 11 and 18 years old. OUTCOME MEASURES Oxygen uptake (VO₂), incremental shuttle walk distance (ISWD), ΔVO₂/Δwalking velocity, ΔHR/ΔVO₂, ΔVE/ΔVCO₂, and linearized Δtidal volume (VT)/ΔlnVE, forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration (FEV1), and forced vital capacity (FVC). METHODS We performed two ISWTs, and the data used were acquired in the second test. We also evaluated the lung function and respiratory muscle strength through spirometry test and manovacuometry, respectively. All authors confirm that there are no conflicts of interest. To compare the means or medians of variables between patients and healthy subjects, we used the unpaired t test or Mann-Whitney U test, respectively. The correlations were assessed by Pearson or Spearman coefficients according to the distribution of the studied variables. The probability of alpha error was set at 5% for all analyses. RESULTS Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients showed significant lower values of ISWD, VO₂, and ventilation at the end of the ISWT, as well as lower FEV₁ and FVC; they also presented significantly shallower slope of ΔVT/ΔlnVE, whereas VO₂ related significantly with ISWD (r=0.80), FVC (r=0.78), FEV₁ (r=0.73), and ΔVT/ΔlnVE (r=0.58). CONCLUSIONS Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis correlated to walking limitation and was associated to reduced pulmonary function and worse breathing pattern during exercise. Our results suggest that walking-based aerobic exercises should be encouraged in these patients.

Radiografias em inclinação lateral como fator preditivo da correção cirúrgica na escoliose idiopática do adolescente

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of x-rays in dorsal decubitus, as a predictive factor for surgical correction of the main thoracic curve using pedicle screws, on patients with idiopathic adolescent scoliosis. METHOD: Twenty patients with idiopathic adolescent scoliosis of Lenke types 1A and 1B who were operated using a technique only involving pedicle screws by means of the posterior route were evaluated clinically and radiographically. The curve flexibility was calculated by means of active supine lateral oblique radiographs. The postoperative values for the main thoracic curve were included in a mathematical equation proposed by Cheung et al., with the aim of predicting the expected angular result from the surgical correction. The difference between the expected and actual postoperative results was then investigated regarding its statistical significance. RESULTS: There was statistical significance for all the cases studied, between the values predicted before the operation and the radiographic findings immediately after the operation (p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to predict the percentage surgical correction of the main thoracic curve that will be achieved using pedicle screws in patients with idiopathic adolescent scoliosis of Lenke types 1A and 1B, by means of preoperative supine oblique radiographs.

Avaliação postural por fotogrametria em pacientes com escoliose idiopática submetidos à artrodese: estudo piloto

INTRODUCTION: Scoliosis is a structural change of the vertebrae three-dimensiona. Quantification of lateral deviation after surgical correction could assist about the prognosis for the evolution of curvature and better direction in rehabilitation. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate and quantify the changes of posture in idiopathic scoliosis patients in the preoperative and postoperative surgical treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine patients with idiopathic scoliosis between 11 and 18 years of age were evaluated. The participants were photographed preoperatively and after four weeks of postoperatively. The anatomical points were marked on the skin. For analysis of the photographs, they were transferred to a computer that has installed the SAPO. Statistical analysis was performed using test t pareado. RESULTS: We observed a significant decrease in left axillary angle (EACE) and left angle Q (AQE), an increase in the angle of inclination of the trunk in anterior view (ITA), the angle between the highest point of the manubrium and left trapezius ( TAME), thoracic kyphosis angle of the right (CTD) and lumbar lordosis right and left (LLD and LLE) and the left tibiotarsal angle (ATTE). There was an increase in the distances between C7, T3 and T7 posterior superior iliac spine to the right (DC7, DT3 and T7) and C7, T3 and L4 posterior superior iliac spine to the left (EC7, ET3 and EL4). CONCLUSION: It was observed significant changes in the angles ECAA, AQE, ITA, TAME, CTD, LLD, LLE, and the distances ATTE DC7, DT3, DT7, EC7, and EL4 ET3 four weeks after arthrodesis.

Radiographic and functional evaluation of the iliac bone graft in the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

This study aimed to assess the impact of the use of an additional iliac bone graft on functional and radiographic results after thoracic spine arthrodesis with pedicle screws in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Participants were divided into two groups: a control group that received only local bone (n=19) and a second group that, in addition to this procedure, received an iliac graft (n=22). The evaluations were performed on preoperative, immediate postoperative, and last follow-up (mean 29.7 months; minimum 12 months). Radiographic evaluations included the loss of correction and the presence of nonunion. The functional outcome was evaluated using the Scoliosis Research Society-30 questionnaire. Surgical complications and the presence of iliac donor site pain were also described. There were no significant differences between groups in the pseudoarthrosis rate, loss of correction over time, and quality of life. We concluded that the addition of bone graft from the iliac yielded no benefit in terms of the fusion rate and functional outcomes. The appropriate facetectomy, bed preparation, and filling with a local bone graft must be adequate to achieve an adequate fusion on surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Reliability analysis of radiographic methods for determination of posterolateral lumbossacral fusion

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze intra and interobserver agreement of two radiographic methods for evaluation of posterolateral lumbar arthrodesis. Methods Twenty patients undergoing instrumented posterolateral fusion were evaluated by anteroposterior and dynamic lateral radiographs in maximal flexion and extension. The images were evaluated initially by 6 orthopedic surgeons, and after 8 weeks, reassessed by 4 of them, totaling 400 radiographic measurements. Intra and interobserver reliability were analyzed using the Kappa coefficient and Landis and Koch criteria. Results Intra and interobserver agreement regarding anteroposterior radiographs were, respectively, 76 and 63%. On lateral views, these values were 78 and 84%, respectively. However, the Kappa analysis showed poor intra and interobserver agreement in most cases, regardless of the radiographic method used. Conclusion There was poor intra and interobserver agreement in the evaluation of lumbosacral fusion by plain film in anteroposterior and dynamic lateral views, with no statistical superiority between the methods.

Tratamento cirúrgico da escoliose idiopática do adolescente utilizando parafusos pediculares: análise dos resultados clínicos e radiográficos

Objective: To evaluate clinically and radiographically patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) submitted to posterior arthrodesis using pedicle screws-only constructs and correlate image results with SRS-24 scores. Methods: Twenty five patients with AIS submitted to posterior arthrodesis were evaluated. The follow-up was 23.7 months ranging from 12 to 35. Radiographic criteria were reviewed regarding the deformity correction and a specific questionnaire developed by Scoliosis Research Society (SRS-24) was applied. Results: The sample was composed by 92% females and 8% males. The average age was 14.2 years. The Cobb angle average measured by anterior-posterior roentnogegram was 24.4° at proximal thoracic curve, 54.9° at principal thoracic and 38.5° at the lumbar curve. The mean angular values obtained after the surgery were 11.0°; 16.7° and 12.2° respectively and the average correction of the principal thoracic curve was 69.9%. The mean SRS-24 scores were 98.1 points. Two patients had post-operative complications; however, there were no neurological complications. Conclusions: The technique showed to be effective on surgical treatment of AIS, with high percentage of deformity correction, low risk of complications and satisfactory clinical results. There was no correlation between the percentage of correction (thoracic or lumbar) and/or the post-operative value of angular deformity and the SRS-24 results, neither with “satisfaction” or “self-image after surgery” domains.

Fratura-luxação da coluna torácica durante segundo trimestre da gestação: relato de caso e revisão da literatura

Spinal fractures associated with spinal cord injury rarely affect pregnant patients. The authors present the case of a 20-year-old woman in her 20th week of pregnancy, who suffered fracture-dislocation of the thoracic spine (T4-T5) and underwent decompression, reduction and posterior fusion with pedicle screws. Despite the complete spinal cord injury presented, the pregnancy progressed uneventfully and resulted in birth via normal delivery of a healthy newborn at term. Some particular features of this case, like the care needed in using ionizing radiation, the surgical approach and delivery, use of steroids and pregnancy complications in such patients are discussed here. Only a multidisciplinary team composed by physicians from different specialties (spinal surgeons, obstetricians and physiatrists), nurses and physiotherapists is capable of assisting pregnant patients with spinal cord injuries satisfactorily.

Qualidade de vida e funcionalidade em adolescentes com escoliose idiopática: estudo piloto

INTRODUCTION: Adolescent with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) presents a three-dimensional deformity in which progression can lead to decreased quality of life (QOL). OBJECTIVES:Determine the best questionnaire, SF-36 or SRS-22 to evaluate QOL in EIA. Secondarily, investigate the correlation between the degree of Cobb angle with visual analogue scale (VAS), and determine the best questionnaire, Oswestry or Roland Morris to evaluate the function. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 19 subjects with EIA, aged 11 to 18, both gender, and Cobb angle above 25 Cobb degrees. We used the SF-36 and SRS-22 questionnaires to evaluate QOL, Oswestry and Roland Morris to evaluate the function and correlate Cobb degree and VAS. The questionnaires and scale were correlated with proximal thoracic, main thoracic and lumbar Cobb angles. RESULTS:The population studied had a mean age of 14.5 (3.1), weight 51 kg (7.9), height 1.61 m (0.08), BMI 18.75 (2.7). The Pearson correlation coefficients between the Oswestry questionnaire and the Cobb angles proximal thoracic, main thoracic and lumbar spine were, respectively: r = 0.58, r = 0.77 and r = 0.58. By correlating the Roland Morris questionnaire with Cobb angles of proximal thoracic and lumbar spine were, respectively: r = 0.72 and r = 0.52. By correlating with lumbar Cobb EVA was found r = 0.55. CONCLUSION:We found a strong correlation between the Oswestry questionnaire with the main thoracic Cobb angle and between the Roland Morris questionnaire with the main thoracic Cobb angle.

Cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire to Brazilian Portuguese

RESUMO Objetivo Realizar a traducao e a adaptacao cultural para a lingua portuguesa do Brasil do Japanese Orthopaedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire para avaliacao de dor lombar, e verificar a confiabilidade e a validade da nova versao. Metodos A adaptacao cultural foi realizada de acordo com as seguintes etapas: traducao, retrotraducao, revisao por comite e pre-teste (50 individuos). Apos, as propriedades psicometricas foram avaliadas aplicando-se o questionario (teste) em 102 pacientes. A confiabilidade foi verificada por avaliacao da homogeneidade [...]

Avaliação do uso de imobilização externa após descompressão e fusão cervical por via anterior: Revisão sistemática

Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a efetividade e a seguranca do uso de orteses no pos-operatorio de afeccoes degenerativas da coluna cervical. Apesar de amplamente utilizados, nao existem criterios definidos para a aplicacao de colares cervicais e sua relevância na artrodese cervical. Foi realizada uma revisao sistematica da literatura, alem de um estudo multicentrico controlado, composto por 32 servicos, com um total de 257 pacientes que satisfizeram os criterios de inclusao da revisao. Foram comparados desfechos clinicos e radiograficos de pacientes operados em um unico nivel anatomico que fizeram uso ou nao de colar cervical rigido por 6 a 12 semanas apos a cirurgia. As evidencias disponiveis na literatura, apesar de fracas, sugerem que o uso do colar cervical diminui os escores clinicos nas primeiras semanas apos o procedimento cirurgico. Alem disto, nao altera a taxa de fusao quando utilizado concomitantemente a placa e aos parafusos por acesso anterior, em doencas degenerativas cervicais em um unico nivel anatomico.