Lou A. Stephenson

Thermoregulation in women.

Abstract : Early investigations concerning thermoregulation in women emphasized direct comparisons to men; eventually the importance of controlling for physical fitness, heat acclimation, body fat, and size before comparing men and women was recognized. Most recent studies have emphasized the importance of controlling for menstrual cycle phase in thermoregulatory studies. Since it has become obvious that the reproductive cycle has profound thermoregulatory effects, the interactions between endocrine and thermoregulatory systems must be clarified. Future study of thermoregulation in women should focus on the complex integration of these and other regulatory systems to understand the unique thermoregulatory responses of women.

Validation of a Temperature Telemetry System during Moderate and Strenuous Exercise

1. 1.Esophageal temperature [Tes (18.0 ± 6.1 min)] and pill temperature [Thti (25.3 ± 9.1 min)] reached steady state faster (P < 0.05) during moderate exercise (40 min at 40% peak VO2) than rectal temperature [Tre (37.3 ± 4.6 min)] at Ta = 29°C, Tdp = 11°C. Steady-state exercise temperatures were lower for Tes = 37.18 ± 0.18°C andThti = 37.20 ± 0.32°C than Tre = 37.46 ± 0.15°C (P < 0.05). 2. 2.During moderate exercise the change in core temperature per time (slope) was greater (P < 0.05) for Tes (0.050 ± 0.013°C min−1) than Thti (0.031 ± 0.014°C min−1) and Tre (0.018 ± 0.005°C min−1. During intense exercise the change in Tes per minute was twice that for Thti and 5 times that for Tre. 3. 3.Overall, Thti tracked dynamic changes in core temperature significantly faster than Tre, although Thti did not track dynamic changes as well or as consistently as Tes. The concept of using a temperature sensor in a pill may be useful clinically, but mobility of the pill makes this temperature measurement less suitable for research than esophageal or rectal temperature measurements.

Control of sweating during the human menstrual cycle

SummaryThermoregulatory responses were studied in seven women during two separate experimental protocols in the follicular (F, days 4–7) phase and during the luteal (L, days 19–22) phase of the menstrual cycle. Continuous measurements of esophageal temperature (Tes), mean skin temperature (

Intermittent microclimate cooling during exercise-heat stress in US army chemical protective clothing.

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Use of an ingestible telemetry sensor to measure core temperature under chemical protective clothing

), oxygen uptake and forearm sweating (

Cutaneous blood flow and local sweating after systemic atropine administration

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