Luciana Moura Mendes

Estado cognitivo dos usuários com AVE na atenção primária à saúde em João Pessoa - PB

O Acidente Vascular Encefalico (AVE) apresenta alta prevalencia em todo o mundo, desencadeando incapacidades neurologicas em adultos. O deficit cognitivo e uma das sequelas mais importantes, sendo dificil o seu reconhecimento, podendo interferir no processo de reabilitacao e acarretar impactos na qualidade de vida dos usuarios acometidos. Objetivo: Estimar a prevalencia de deficit cognitivo em usuarios com AVE na Atencao Primaria a Saude (APS), bem como descrever as caracteristicas sociodemograficas, clinicas e dimensoes cognitivas afetadas. Metodo: Estudo de corte transversal desenvolvido no Municipio de Joao Pessoa-PB com 140 individuos adscritos no Programa Saude da Familia que foram acometidos por AVE nos ultimos cinco anos. Resultados: Mais da metade dos individuos analisados apresenta quadro sugestivo de comprometimento cognitivo (54,9%), nas seguintes dimensoes: memoria de evocacao (70%), atencao e calculo (60%) e ler e executar (60%); alem disso, a maioria era de idosos (73,1%);no que se refere as caracteristicas clinicas do AVE declaram que nos ultimos cinco anos tiveram apenas um episodio (64,2%) desencadeado nos ultimos 13 meses ou mais (76,1%). A metade dos participantes nao soube informar o tipo de AVE (50,7%). Conclusao: As dimensoes cognitivas afetadas pelo AVE precisam de maiores investigacoes, afim de fornecer mais subsidios para melhorar a assistencia prestada no âmbito da APS.Received on November 4, 2011. Accepted on January 26, 2012. ABSTRACT Cerebrovascular Accident orStroke (CVA) has a high prevalence worldwide causing neurological disability in adults. Cognitive deficit is one of the most important consequences, since its recognition is difficult and thus may interfere with the rehabilitation process and lead to impacts on the life quality of affected people. Objective: The goal was to estimate the prevalence of cognitive impairment in stroke among those with Primary Health Care (PHC), as well as to describe the clinical and sociodemographic characteristics, and the cognitive dimensions affected. Method: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in the city of João Pessoa PB with 140 people enrolled in the Family Health Program that had been affected by stroke within the previous five years. Results: Over half of the people studied had manifestations suggesting cognitive impairment (54.9%) in the following dimensions: memory recall (70%), attention and calculation (60%), and read and apply (60%). In addition, the majority was elderly (73.1%) and, regarding the clinical characteristics of stroke, had declared that in the previous five years had had only one episode (64.2%) triggered in the last 13 months or more (76.1%). Also, half of the participants (50.7%) were unable to tell us the type of stroke they had suffered. Conclusion: The cognitive dimensions affected by stroke require further investigation in order to provide more funding to improve the assistance provided under the PHC.

Desempenho psicomotor de crianças pré-escolares

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the psychomotor performance of 5 years old preschool children using a validated scale. Methods: Prospective and observational study that used a deductive approach with descriptive and statistical procedures, which performed a psychomotor evaluation in 30 children who are enrolled in a Reference Center for Early Childhood Education (CREI) in Joao Pessoa - PB in 2011 using an adapted and validated development scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 software. Results: It has been observed in the acquisition areas that the evaluated children have reached 21 (89.4%) in a score of 24 for motor skills, 10 (84.7%) in a score of 12 for socio-emotional development, 16 (75.3%) in a score of 21 for visual-motor skills and 11 (71.3%) in a score of 15 for hearing and speaking skills, featuring the most affected area of psychomotor development. Conclusion: This study have shown deficits in all evaluated psychomotor perspectives, indicating an unsatisfactory psychomotor development regarding the age, highlighting the difficulties in the acquisition of hearing and speaking skills, in the defined lateralization exercises and in the performance of socialization activities. doi: 10.5020/18061230.2014.p439

ASPECTOS BIOPSICOSSOCIAIS DE PUÉRPERAS ADOLESCENTES NO MUNICÍPIO DE JOÃO PESSOA, PARAÍBA, BRASIL

Objective: To identify the biopsychosocial characteristics of pregnant adolescents assisted in the maternities of Lauro Wanderley University Hospital and Candida Vargas Institute, in the city of Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil. Material and Methods: This was a descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study, whose sample consisted of 104 adolescents, aged between 13 and 19 years, whom were approached in the immediate postpartum period. The data were collected from medical records and interviews with the mothers in the immediate postpartum period. Results: The mean age of participants was 18.5±1.4 years; 52.4 % had mixed ethnicity; 61.5% had dropped out of school; 90% had studied in a public school. There was a predominance of the elementary education level (55.8%). The family and the partner supported the adolescent during pregnancy in 94.2% and 87.5% of cases, respectively. Conclusion: The most common age group of adolescent mothers was between 16 and 19 years, although there was a significant rate of mothers aged between 17 and 19 years. In addition, there was a high prevalence of mothers who dropped out of school due to pregnancy; however, in general, the adolescents were supported by their family and childs father. DESCRIPTORS Teenage pregnancy. Living conditions. Health profile.