Lucilene Hernandes Ricardo

Salivary markers in patients with chronic renal failure

INTRODUCTION Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a progressive loss of renal function over a period of months or years. The major function of the kidneys is the removal of metabolic waste products, electrolytes and water. When this function is impaired, systemic changes, oral complications and alterations in salivary composition may occur. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the levels of immunological and inflammatory components in the saliva samples from patients that undergo to hemodialysis treatment (HD), without HD and control. DESIGN This study evaluated IgA, IgG, C reactive protein (CRP) and nitric oxide (NO) in saliva samples from 119 patients, who were divided into the control group (C), chronic renal failure (CRF) patient group and CRF patients on hemodialysis treatment (HD) group. IgA and IgG levels were analyzed by ELISA. Nitric oxide levels were determined indirectly by the nitrite concentration using Griess reagent; CRP by agglutination tests; and total proteins, by Bradford assay. RESULTS The HD group showed significantly higher levels of IgG, IgA and CRP compared with the control and CRF groups. The CRF group presented the same amounts of IgG, IgA and CRP as the C group but significantly higher levels of NO similar to the HD group. CONCLUSION Renal disease, particularly hemodialysis treatment during renal disease, seems to alter salivary immunological and inflammatory components. Thus, analyzing the levels of IgA, IgG, NO and CRP in saliva may be beneficial for monitoring renal disease.

Previous exposure to Cyclosporine A and periodontal breakdown in rats.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of previous exposure to Cyclosporine A (CsA) on experimental periodontitis in rats. DESIGN Forty rats were divided into 4 groups: Control (CON); Cyclosporine A (CsA), which received daily doses of 10mg/kg CsA; Ligature (LIG), which received an insertion of a cotton ligature around the mandibular 1st molar at day 30; and Ligature and CsA (CsAL), which were treated with CsA and the cotton ligature. At day 60 of the experiment, animals were sacrificed, and groups were compared with regards to Alkaline Phosphatase (AP) activity, gingival overgrowth, periodontal bone support (PBS), bone resorption at furcation ligament area (LA) and TRAP+ cells. Data were analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey and Kruskal-Wallis and were considered to be statistically significant at 5% level. RESULTS CsA and LIG groups showed similar gingival area, which was higher than that in the CON and lower than in the CsAL group (p=0.001). The ratio between epithelial area and connective area for the CON group was similar to the CsA group and higher than that for the CsAL and LIG groups (p=0.0334). Mean percentage of PBS for the CON group was similar to that for the CsAL group and higher than that of the CsA and LIG groups (p=0.0007). No difference was observed regarding AP (p=0.2806) and TRAP+ cells (p=0.3995) among experimental groups. Mean values for LA of CON were similar to CsA, and both were statistically lower than the CsAL and LIG groups (p=0.0172). CONCLUSION Based on these results, we posit that previous exposure to CsA may influence gingival overgrowth, but not bone loss, in rats with experimental periodontitis.

AVALIAÇÃO DA PERIODONTITE INDUZIDA EM RATOS PREVIAMENTE EXPOSTOS À CICLOSPORINA A: ANÁLISE HISTOLÓGICA E BIOQUÍMICA

A imunossupressao gerada pela ciclosporina A (CsA) tem sido associada a perda ossea alveolar (PO) em modelos animais com doenca periodontal induzida (SPOLIDORIO et al., 2001, 2004). O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar atraves de analise histologica e bioquimica, as alteracoes osseas na periodontite induzida por ligadura (L) em ratos previamente expostos a CsA. Foram utilizados 36 animais, divididos em 4 grupos (n=9): GC – controle; GCsA; GL ; GCsAL. Doses diarias de 10mg/kg de peso dos animais foram aplicadas em CsA e GsAL por 60 dias. A ligadura foi inserida no primeiro molar inferior 30 dias apos o inicio do experimento em GL e GCsAL. Passados 60 dias, foram coletadas amostras sanguineas para mensuracao da fosfatase alcalina (FA). Em seguida, os animais foram sacrificados e as mandibulas processadas para analise histologica da area ocupada pelo ligamento periodontal (ALP) e celulas marcadas pela fosfatase acida tartarato-resistentes (TRAP+). Os resultados nao mostraram diferenca estatistica significativa (ANOVA, Tukey) nos valores da FA (p=0,1). Apos analise de variância os resultados mostraram diferenca estatistica nos valores da ALP (p=0.03994) e ausencia de diferenca estatistica nos valores de celulas TRAP+ (p=0.3995). Neste estudo, a presenca da CsA nao influenciou a PO causada pela periodontite induzida.