Lucilene Tavares Medeiros

Produção e qualidade da forragem de capim-marandu fertiirrigada com dejetos líquidos de suínos

Esta pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da fertilizacao com dejetos liquidos de suinos (DLS) nas caracteristicas agronomicas e bromatologicas da forragem de capim-marandu. Foram avaliados a produtividade de MS, o perfilhamento, o percentual de MS, PB, FDN e FDA e a digestibilidade in vitro da MS (DIVMS). Adotou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com nove tratamentos (adubacoes) e quatro repeticoes. Os tratamentos sao descritos a seguir: T1 - uso de calcario; T2 - adubacao com 100, 40 e 60 kg/ha de N P K; T3 - 180 m3 de DLS/ha 1x/ano; T4 - 180 m3 de DLS/ha 2x/ano); T5 - 180 m3 de DLS/ha 3x/ano; T6 - 180 m3 de DLS/ha 4x/ano; T7 - 180 m3 de DLS/ha 5x/ano; T8 - 180 m3 de DLS/ha 1x/ano (in natura); T9 (testemunha) - fermentacao do DLS utilizado nos tratamentos 1, 2, 8 e 9 por, no minimo, 45 dias. As medias foram comparadas pelo teste Scott-Knott. Na calagem, utilizou-se alcario dolomitico na proporcao de 3 t/ha e, na adubacao quimica, 100, 40 e 60 kg/ha de N, P2O5 e K2O nas formas de sulfato de amonia supersimples e cloreto de potassio. Os cortes foram realizados a cada 45 dias. O numero de perfilhos/m2, a produtividade de MS e a qualidade da forrageira foram maiores com a utilizacao de DLS em dose unica nos primeiros cortes. As forrageiras dos tratamentos 3, 4, 8 e 9 apresentaram maiores teores de PB nos primeiros cortes, com medias de 9,6 a 13,7%. Os maiores teores de FDN foram obtidos no segundo corte (medias de 61,4 a 68,6%) e os menores de FDA foram encontrados com DLS 2x/ano e 5x/ano no primeiro corte (medias de 21,2 a 23,4%). Os tratamentos 3, 4 e 8 proporcionaram os maiores coeficientes de DIVMS no primeiro corte, com medias de 69,0 a 71,8%.

Uso de diferentes aditivos em silagem de capim-elefante

Objetivou-se avaliar o uso de diferentes aditivos na ensilagem de Capim-Elefante. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado. Os tratamentos foram: T1(capim-elefante), T2 (capim-Elefante + 7% polpa citrica), T3 (capim-elefante + 7% raspa de batata), T4 (capim-elefante + 7% milho desintegrado com palha e sabugo MDPS), T5 (capim-elefante + 7% farelo de trigo), T6 (capim-elefante + aditivo biologico). Os tratamentos com aditivos secos (T1; T3; T4 e T5) apresentaram maiores valores de materia seca diferindo estatisticamente (p 0,05) entre os tratamentos, variando de 3,87 (T1) a 4,04 (T3). Houve diferenca significativa (p<0,05) para perda de gases, sendo maior nos tratamentos T2 e T5. Os demais tratamentos nao diferenciaram estatisticamente entre si. A perda por efluentes foi maior no tratamento T6 (57,30 kg/Ton. de MV). Para Proteina Bruta o tratamento T5 apresentou maior porcentagens e o tratamento T1 foi o de menor teor. Os tratamentos T1 (69,79% FDN) e T6 (70,52% FDN) apresentaram maiores valores de FDN. Os tratamentos T4 e T3 obtiveram menores valores de FDN. Quanto aos valores de FDA, os tratamentos T1 e T6 apresentaram maiores valores de FDA e os tratamentos T3 e T4 apresentaram menores valores. Para os valores de DIVMS variaram de 56,04% (T1) a 71, 13% (T3). A silagem de Capim Elefante sem aditivos e/ou com aditivo biologico utilizado neste experimento nao apresentou melhoria em sua qualidade.

Nitrogênio e as características anatômicas, bromatológicas e agronômicas de cultivares de Brachiaria brizantha

With the objective of determining some anatomical and physicochemical characteristics of two cultivars of Brachiaria brizantha cvs. Marandu and MG-5 Vitoria, harvested at 45 and 65 days after planting under growing doses of ,nitrogen (N), an assay was conducted in pots in greenhouse of the Science Department in the Federal University of Lavras - UFLA, Lavras, MG. An experimental randomized block design with the treatments arranged in a factorial scheme 2x2x5 was used, with, two genotypes, two cutting ages and five doses of N (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/dm3) with four replicates totalizing to 20 treatments and 80 experimental units (pots). The variables studied were: tiller density, polar and equatorial diameters of stomata on the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces, CP, NDF and ADF contents and IVDMD coefficients. The results allow to verify that increased doses of N influences positively DM yield at the two cutting ages. The cutting age influences the number o tillers, the density and polar and equatorial diameters of stomata and the cultivar Vitoria presents more plastic in the stomata characteristics compared to the cultivar Marandu. Higher doses of N cause increase in the contents of CP and IVDMD. Lower inter-curtting intervals promoted the lowest contents of NDF and ADF.

Qualidade bromatológica das silagens de cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.) aditivadas com raspa de batata

Potato scrapings were mixed with sugarcane (Sacharum officinarum L.) in the silage. Sugarcane was havested manually after a leveling cut had been done at a height of 10 cm from the soil surface. The mixtures of sugarcane and potato scrapings were made in the following ratios of natural matter: 100% and 0%; 93% and 7%; 86% and 14%; 79% and 21%; and 72% and 28% of sugarcane and potato scrapings, respectively. The plants were chopped into 2-3 cm particles and ensiled for 30 days in 10 cm wide x 40 cm high “PVC” silos. The following variables of the silage were evaluated: percentage of dry matter (DM), pH values, gas lossses, effluent losses, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDDM). The experimental design used was the completely randomized with four replications. The sugarcane silages added with potato scrapings exhibited higher percentages of DM and CP, higher values of pH, increase in the IVDDM, and a lower percentage of loss of gases, loss of effluent, NDF and ADF in dry matter with increasing levels of replacement. It was concluded that the dry potato scrapings added to the sugarcane in silage improved the chemical and nutritional characteristics of the silages.

Bromatologic quality of sugarcane (Sacharum officinarum L.) silages supplemented with potato scrapings.

Potato scrapings were mixed with sugarcane (Sacharum officinarum L.) in the silage. Sugarcane was havested manually after a leveling cut had been done at a height of 10 cm from the soil surface. The mixtures of sugarcane and potato scrapings were made in the following ratios of natural matter: 100% and 0%; 93% and 7%; 86% and 14%; 79% and 21%; and 72% and 28% of sugarcane and potato scrapings, respectively. The plants were chopped into 2-3 cm particles and ensiled for 30 days in 10 cm wide x 40 cm high “PVC” silos. The following variables of the silage were evaluated: percentage of dry matter (DM), pH values, gas lossses, effluent losses, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDDM). The experimental design used was the completely randomized with four replications. The sugarcane silages added with potato scrapings exhibited higher percentages of DM and CP, higher values of pH, increase in the IVDDM, and a lower percentage of loss of gases, loss of effluent, NDF and ADF in dry matter with increasing levels of replacement. It was concluded that the dry potato scrapings added to the sugarcane in silage improved the chemical and nutritional characteristics of the silages.

Bromatologic quality of sugarcane (Sacharum officinarum L.) silages added with potato scrapings

Potato scrapings were mixed with sugarcane (Sacharum officinarum L.) in the silage. Sugarcane was havested manually after a leveling cut had been done at a height of 10 cm from the soil surface. The mixtures of sugarcane and potato scrapings were made in the following ratios of natural matter: 100% and 0%; 93% and 7%; 86% and 14%; 79% and 21%; and 72% and 28% of sugarcane and potato scrapings, respectively. The plants were chopped into 2-3 cm particles and ensiled for 30 days in 10 cm wide x 40 cm high “PVC” silos. The following variables of the silage were evaluated: percentage of dry matter (DM), pH values, gas lossses, effluent losses, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and in vitro digestibility of dry matter (IVDDM). The experimental design used was the completely randomized with four replications. The sugarcane silages added with potato scrapings exhibited higher percentages of DM and CP, higher values of pH, increase in the IVDDM, and a lower percentage of loss of gases, loss of effluent, NDF and ADF in dry matter with increasing levels of replacement. It was concluded that the dry potato scrapings added to the sugarcane in silage improved the chemical and nutritional characteristics of the silages.