Luis Gustavo Celis

Modulation of thyroid hormone receptor transactivation by the early region 1A (E1A)-like inhibitor of differentiation 1 (EID1)

Transcriptional activation (TA) mediated by the effect of thyroid hormones on target genes requires co-activator proteins such as the early region 1A (E1A) associated 300 kDa binding protein (p300) and the cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) binding protein (CBP), known as the p300/CBP complex, which acetylate histones 3 and 4 to allow transcriptional machinery access to the target gene promoter. Little is known on the role of p300 in thyroid hormone receptor (TR) mediated TA but the E1A-like inhibitor of differentiation 1 (EID1), an inhibitor of p300 histone acetyltransferase (HAT), is a functional homolog of E1A and may inhibit myogenic differentiation factor D (MyoD) transcriptional activity and reduces muscle cell differentiation. We evaluated the influence of EID1 on TR-mediated transcriptional activity using transfection and mammalian two-hybrid studies to show that EID1 may partially reduces TA activity of the TR receptor, probably due to p300 blockage since EID1 mutants cannot reduce TR-mediated TA. The EID1 does not affect the function of p160 co-activator proteins (160 kDa proteins of steroid receptor co-activators) and is functionally independent of co-repressor proteins or TR binding. Summarizing, EID1 reduces TR-mediated transcriptional activity by blocking p300 and may play an important role in thyroid receptor activity in muscle and other tissues.

Efecto de la modulación del receptor nuclear PPAR en la diferenciación de células de preadipocitos de fibroblastos

Adipogenesis from preadypocites of mouse fibroblasts is evaluated by using Roziglitazone and Insulin. To that effect, mouse preadipocytes of the cellular line 3T3-L1 are incubated in a differentiation cocktail with Rosiglitazone and Insulin. Observations are made between 0 and 10 days with a frequency of two days. The adipocytes differentiation process was valued through the amount of present triglycerides from the fatty cells using qualitative methods by dying and quantitative methods from the extraction of fatty acids with isopropanol and measuring absorbance at 510 nm. The results obtained allowed us to confirm the adipogenic from Rosiglitazone and from Insulin, althoughboth showed differences in their adipogenic ability because Rosiglitazone is a synthetic PPARa nuclear receptor ligand. When activated, it induces the expression of the genes involved in the adipogenesis process while insulin acts on the membrane receptor for the growth factor insulin type (IGF-1) which route does not activate the PPARa nuclear receptor directly resulting in an adipogenic process slower when compared to Rosiglitazone. These results will allow us to develop new medicines in the future for the treatment of diseases such as obesity and type-2 diabetes.

Enfermedad de Pompe: reporte de caso

Objective. It is a case of a seven months male patient, evaluated by cardiology fifteen days after he was born secondary, to sudden cardiac death of his sister of four months, nothing suspicious despite consanguinity of parents and early diagnosis of the patient with Cardiomyopathy. Evolved with the following clinical conditions recurrent respiratory infections from three months (recurrent bronchiolitis), widespread malnutrition and recent pneumonia. Died eight days after the consultation with the geneticist. Methods. The initial approach was to perform echocardiogram at fifteen days old, because of history of the sudden death of his sister of four months, cardiomegaly and parental consanguinity. Clinical deterioration continues through months so he is referred to genetic, enzymatic tests, taken in dried blood, the patient dies before receiving the diagnosis of Pompe disease. Results. The patient was focused with a possible diagnosis of Pompe Disease so lysosomal enzyme α -glucosidase (GAA) sample was requested in dried blood and genetic sequencing final report to define diagnosis.

Recidiva de lepra y reacción tipo II en paciente tratado con poliquimioterapia (PQT)

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease endemic to African, Asian, Latin America and South Pacific countries. It is caused by Mycobacterium leprae that manifests itself as varied as areas of hypo or anesthesia, macules hypochromic, with or without neura thickening. On some occasions, after having completed the course of therapy recommended by the World Health Organization, it can recur, showing new clinical lesions or increasing the bacillary index. These features can be confused with erythema nodosum leprosum, characterized by an antigen-antibody reaction that secures a complement through which the immune system combats antigen cells. This text describes a case of recurrence of lepromatous leprosy and lesions compatible with erythema nodosum leprosum after it has been treated with combination chemotherapy .

Trisomía 22 en un recién nacido de 39 semanas

In this report, we present the case of a male patient who was born 39 weeks, the product of third gestation (two previous abortions) with a 38 year old mother and a 46 year old father. The clinical characteristics of the patient include macrocephaly, extensive anterior fontanelle with diastasis recti sagittal suture, ochronosis grayish pavilions dysplastic headphones low-set, short nasal root, simian crease in her right hand and hirsutism. We obtained a computerized axial tomography of skull and a brain magnetic resonance with agenesis of the corpus callosum and dilation of the ASTA occipital of the lateral ventricles. The karyotype in peripheral blood evidence partial trisomy of chromosome 22 (47, XY+22, del (22) (q11.2qter)). The patient required 7 days of hospitalization and was released from the hospital in good condition overall, but with a psychomotor retardation and severe generalized hypotonia. Given the severe structural malformations that are present in this syndrome, the term pregnancy and post birth survival of children with trisomy 22 are very rare events. The case of this patient complements other reports illustrating that trisomy 22 can survive beyond birth.

La obesidad y su relación con otros factores de riesgo cardiovascular en una población de estudiantes universitarios del centro de Bogotá, D.C.

Obesity and its complications are one of the major pandemics at the global level, especially type 2 diabetes that is associated with insulin resistance. The purpose of this paper is to describe the relationship between obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors of university students in downtown Bogota. After obtaining an informed consent, we proceeded to the measurement of the following body parts: triceps skinfold and suprascapular through adipometer, waist circumference, body mass index, lean mass, fat mass and fat glucose, total percentage among others. Blood samples were also taken to determine blood cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoproteins, whose relationship allows the calculation of the atherogenic index. From a final sample of 76 students, 15.5 % was overweight; 76.5 % was considered within normal ranges; and the 8.0 % was underweight. In regard to the data by sex, it was found that a 5.5 % of men and 19.0 % of women were overweight and 5.5 % of men and 8.6 % of the women had low weight, there were no obese people in any case. The waist perimeter varied between 68 and 97 cm in men and between 61 and 92 cm in women, finally the fat percentage was between 27.6 and 30.7 in men and from 11.0 to 36.9 in women. Taking into account the results obtained, it is important to promote in our population a culture of healthy habits, characterized by a healthy diet and increased physical activity; it is also recommended, especially during the first years of life, as it is in this stage where the majority of these habits are acquired and will last for life.

Hepatitis autoinmune en un paciente con hepatitis B crónica, a propósito de un caso

Hepatitis is a viral disease that affects a large portion of the world’s population, which has a multifactorial etiology, thus to facilitate its study has been classified from A to E according with the characteristic. Additionally to viral hepatitis also occurs the autoimmune hepatitis, a disease of unknown etiology of which prevalence and incidence are increasing every year. There is few reports in the literature that describe the possibility of finding viral hepatitis and autoimmune hepatitis in one patient at the same time. Nevertheless some studies have indicated that there is possible correlation between them, situation that make difficult its diagnosis, therapeutic approach, treatment and prognosis. A case of chronic B hepatitis with overlapped autoimmune hepatitis is reported aiming to, get a topic review and diagnostic difficulties.

Caracterización Histológica E Inmunocitoquímica de la Grasa Infrapatelar de Hoffa

Histological and immunohistochemical characterization of infrapatellar Hoffa’s fat This study aimed to histological and immunohistochemical characterization of infrapatellar fat Hoffa (GIH) in 12 patients undergoing arthroscopic, meningoplastia or knee replacement. Elastic fibers were present in the infrapatellar fat with unidirectional fascicular distribution, we propose a functional relationship in the biomechanics of the knee joint movement. Moreover Immunocytochemistry tests yielded positive staining for vimentin, a marker for connective tissue cells, mesenchymal cells and negative for other studied antibodies.

Efecto del Ácido Valproico, Tricostatin a y Resveratrol Sobre la Diferenciación del Adipocito

La obesidad es un factor de riesgo de enfermedades coronarias, de cancer, de accidentes cerebrovasculares y de diabetes tipo II. El proposito de este trabajo es evaluar la capacidad del acido valproico, tricostatin A y resveratrol como agentes que reduzcan la diferenciacion de preadipocitos. Los dos primeros, inhiben la actividad de las histonas deacetilasas tipo I y II, mientras que el resveratrol es un activador de la enzima sirtuina 1 perteneciente a la familia de las histonas deacetilasas dependientes de dinucleotidos de nicotinamida adenina. Esta reprime la actividad trascripcional mediada por el receptor de proliferacion del peroxisoma mediante su asociacion con represores, evidenciado en la movilizacion de acidos grasos en celulas adiposas. Para el estudio se utilizo la linea celular de preadipocitos de raton 3T3-L1 en presencia de un coctel de diferenciacion con rosiglitazona, isobutilmetilxantina y dexametasona. Al dia 8 de la diferenciacion, se aplicaron las dosis de los tres agentes objeto de estudio y se llevaron a cabo observaciones cada dos dias hasta el dia 12. Se evaluo la acumulacion de depositos de grasa mediante tincion rojo-aceite y se cuantificaron la cantidad de trigliceridos en cada tratamiento. El acido valproico, tricostatin A y resveratrol presentaron una disminucion en la diferenciacion del adipocito maduro, debido a que la cantidad de trigliceridos dentro del mismo fue menor con respecto a las celulas tratadas con ROSI. Sin embargo, el resveratrol presenta una mayor diferencia significativa. Nuestros resultados destacan el papel de los inhibidores de las histonas deacetilasas y la actividad de sirtuina 1 en la adipogenesis que es bloqueada por los tratamientos con los tres agentes, siendo el resveratrol el agente que presenta mayor reduccion de la diferenciacion del adipocito