Luiz Antonio Rossi

Comparação entre tecnologias de climatização para criação de frangos quanto a energia, ambiência e produtividade

With the objective to compare two technological options of climatization for the production of broilers, in the city of Rio Claro-Sao Paulo state, an experiment was carried out in two commercial sheds of a farm, being one with system of ventilation and nebulization and 13 birds m-2 (G1) and the other with system of ventilation composed of tunnel of exhaust fans and pump of nebulization and with 18 birds m-2 (G2). The period of the experiment was 14 months with complete analysis of five lots of creation in different seasons of the year, where the variable related to energy efficiency, thermal comfort and productive indices were analyzed. It was observed that the two sheds presented similar values of thermal comfort and animal productivity. In relation to the consumption of electrical energy, G2 presented higher values than G1, however with chicken production 38% more than G1. The indices of energy efficiency had been low, demonstrating the possibilities for adoption of measures for conservation and rationalization of electrical energy.

Diferentes tecnologias de iluminação para produção de mudas de crisântemo

The application of artificial illumination to induce photoperiodic effects on chrysanthemum nursevy production implies in a rational electrical energy use. In this context, the objective of this research was to test and to analyze the application of high intensity discharge (HID) illumination to substitute the conventional incandescent filament illumination in chrysanthemum nurseries production. The presence of floral buttons was taken as the main parameter in evaluating the tested varieties because it is closely associated to photoperiodic effects. Electrical energy evaluation parameters included demand, consumption, power factor as well as specific consumption. Results generated by the statistical analysis indicated no increase in the number of buttons associated with the high discharge illumination method. However the illumination with compacted yellow fluorescent discharge lamps of 23 W presented the lowest maximum demand as well as a 75% energy consumption reduction when compared with the 100 W incandescent lamps.

Nocturnal thermal comfort in facilities for growing swines

Em grande parte das granjas de suinos no Brasil, os sistemas para climatizacao do ambiente funcionam com acionamento manual. Para os periodos matutino e noturno, esta pratica nao e adequada, uma vez que, nestes periodos, em geral, nao ha funcionarios disponiveis para o acionamento destes sistemas. Por meio deste trabalho, objetivou-se comparar o perfil bioclimatico de duas instalacoes construtivamente diferentes entre si e com o ambiente externo, considerando o periodo de 18 as 6h, durante a primavera, a fim de verificar que as condicoes de conforto termico da noite e da madrugada podem apresentar-se fora do desejado para suinos em crescimento, e que, por esta razao, a climatizacao deve ser realizada tambem nestes periodos. Foram analisados a temperatura de bulbo seco, a umidade relativa do ar, o Indice de Temperatura e Umidade e a entalpia nos galpoes e no ambiente externo as instalacoes. Nas condicoes estudadas, foi possivel concluir que o galpao construtivamente adequado estudado mostrou ser menos influenciado pelo ambiente externo, propiciando conforto termico mais adequado para os suinos em crescimento. Mais estudos devem ser realizados para que se verifique a necessidade de acionamento automatico de equipamentos de climatizacao durante a noite e a madrugada.

Avaliação térmica de placas de argamassa de cimento e casca de arroz aquecidas por resistência elétrica

An alternative proposal for floor heating system by means of electric resistance for both chick and piggy installation is presented in this work. Several formulations of rice husk and cement mortar boards were used. An electronic device controlled all board temperature. This system presented a good efficiency design. The conventional cement mortar mixed with rice husk showed a better performance.

Technical and economic analysis of replacing artificial lighting system to induction of photoperiod effect in begonia's seedlings in greenhouse

The type of artificial light used for inducing photoperiod effect in begonias seedlings at greenhouse has fundamental importance in the growth and development of these plants and directly reflects in the electrical energy consumption used in this production process. The objective of this research was to analyze the technical and economic feasibility of replacing the current technology of artificial lighting used by the producers (incandescent lamps), by the technology of discharge lamps with the purpose of inducing photoperiod in a greenhouse. The analysis results indicate that the discharge lamp of 32 W Tubular Fluorescent discharge lamp was the one that presented the lower peak demand and lower average energy consumption of 85.01% compared to incandescent filament lamp of 100 W that is the technology of bigger consumption and currently used by the producer.

Environmental enrichment in piglet creeps: behavior and productive performance

In the farrowing stage, to use heated creeps is crucial for meeting the thermal requirements of newborn piglets and alternatives for environmental enrichment to attract the animals to the creeps. The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior and productive performance of piglets submitted to creeps enriched with different types of sensory stimuli. The study had a completely randomized design. The animals were submitted to seven treatments: T1) Enrichment with blue LED lighting; T2) Enrichment with fragrance of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) essential oil; T3) Enrichment with fragrance of lavender (Lavandula) essential oil; T4) Enrichment with fragrance of lemon (Citrus × latifolia) essential oil; T5) Enrichment with classical music, “The Four Seasons” by Vivaldi; T6) Creeps heated without environmental enrichment (control group); T7) Enrichment with fragrance of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) essential oil. The piglets were submitted to creeps with environmental enrichment under automatic control every 15 min (on/off), from 8 am to 5:45 pm (21 consecutive days). The environmental conditions of the creeps – air temperature, relative humidity, luminous intensity, and decibels – were evaluated within the creeps with environmental enrichment to determine the influence on the piglets’ behavior and productive performance. The results show that piglets submitted to creeps with environmental enrichment with blue artificial light and thyme essential oil showed reduced frequency outside the creeps when compared with treatment T6 (control). This showed the reduction of the stay of piglets in areas susceptible to crushing, in proximities to the mother. Piglets showed greater preference for creeps enriched with fragrance diffusion of thyme essential oil and with blue artificial lighting.

Automação do sistema de aquecimento elétrico de escamoteadores na maternidade por meio da temperatura superficial de pele do leitão

Introdução Na criação intensiva de suínos é necessário adequar as instalações na fase de maternidade, onde há condições térmicas desiguais que devem ser atendidas sendo a matriz e o leitão recém-nascido. Para manter estes animais em conforto térmico, há demanda de alto consumo de energia elétrica. Um dos principais indicadores de conforto térmico dos suínos é a temperatura superficial de pele. Desta forma tem-se por objetivo desenvolver um sistema automação que através das medidas de temperatura superficial de pele, acione o aquecimento do escamoteador.

Análise do desempenho reprodutivo e do uso de energia elétrica em instalações climatizadas de cachaços

This study aimed to assess and compare two air conditioning systems in a setting where eighteen males of the commercial genetic line AG337, from AGROCERES - PIC, are housed. The animals in Group A were submitted to automated air conditioning through artificial ventilation and nebulization, while the animals in Group B were submitted only to manual triggering of the ventilation, according to the schedule practiced at the farm. The factors such as reproductive performance, animal thermal comfort, as well as climatic variables from the external environment of the housing and use of electrical energy by the environment controLλing system were considered. The results showed that animals in Group A remained in a comfortable environmental conditions though there was no improvement in the mean values of seminal volume and sperm concentration. It is worthwhile to mention that monthly increase in energy costs due to use of acclimatization and automation equipments were not significant as the equipments are of low energy consumption.

Thermal environmental conditions in growing pig buildings during the night and early morning.

On most Brazilian pig farms, the environmental acclimatization systems work with manual actuation. For night and early morning periods, this local practice can not be the appropriate one, because, in general, there are not available employees for manual actuation in these periods. In this research work, the aim was showing that night and early morning temperatures do not coincide with growing pigs’ thermoneutral zone. For this reason, acclimatization must be carried out at these periods also. Two differently constructed buildings were used for obtaining the bioclimatic profile of the 6 p.m. to 6 a.m. period in spring. Dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity data were obtained in the interior of each building, as well as the external conditions. Temperature-humidity index (THI) was calculated for evaluation of thermal comfort. In this case, the analysis of climatic data allows us to conclude that these growing pig buildings should have had automatically actuated cooling systems during the analyzed period. It was necessary because of the magnitude of the thermal amplitude of this period and the maximum temperatures frequently cross over the maximum temperature of growing pigs’ thermoneutral zone. The THI values were frequently higher than the desirable range.

Sistematização do dimensionamento técnico e econômico de sistemas fotovoltaicos isolados por meio de programa computacional

: Uma das principais questoes referentes a energia solar e como compara-la, tecnica e economicamente, com outras fontes de energia, tanto alternativas quanto com as convencionais (como a rede eletrica). O proposito deste trabalho foi desenvolver um programa computacional que reune os principais dados tecnicos e economicos, para identificar, por meio de metodos de analise microeconomica, a viabilidade comercial no dimensionamento de sistemas fotovoltaicos, alem de considerar os beneficios provenientes da propria geracao energetica. Na analise microeconomica da energia solar, foram identificados os custos da energia proveniente da rede convencional durante o periodo de vida util dos componentes do sistema gerador de eletricidade fotovoltaica, pelo estudo dos custos de investimentos iniciais e manutencao do sistema. Para comparacao com as fontes convencionais - rede eletrica e grupo diesel - foram usados tres cenarios de custos de paineis fotovoltaicos e dois para o fator de disponibilidade do grupo diesel. Pelos resultados, verifica-se que, quanto mais baixo o custo dos paineis e mais distante o local situar-se da rede eletrica, o sistema fotovoltaico torna-se a opcao mais vantajosa.One of the main referring subjects to the solar energy is how to compare it economically with other sources of energy, as much alternatives as with conventionals (like the electric grid). The purpose of this work was to develop a software which congregates the technical and economic main data to identify, through methods of microeconomic analysis, the commercial viability in the sizing of photovoltaic systems, besides considering the benefits proceeding from the proper energy generation. Considering the period of useful life of the components of the generation system of photovoltaic electricity, the costs of the energy proceeding from the conventional grid had been identified. For the comparison of the conventional sources, electric grid and diesel generation, three scenes of costs of photovoltaic panels and two for the factor of availability of diesel generation had been used. The results have shown that if the cost of the panels is low and the place of installation is more distant of the electric grid, the photovoltaic system becomes the best option.