Luiz Carlos Bordin

Diversidade genética para a padronização do tempo e percentual de hidratação preliminar ao teste de cocção de grãos de feijão

before cooking, common beans require a soaking time varying from 2 to 18 hours depending on the genotype, which makes it difficult to standardize the soaking time in order to reach the shortest cooking time. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of bean hydration capacity to standardize the shortest cooking time. Eighteen bean landraces and four commercial lines from plants cultivated under the same conditions for two growing seasons (2006/2007 and 2007/2008) were used in this study. The beans were soaked completely or partially for 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8 hours in pure water at 25 oC, followed by cooking time determination. The results showed that 22 genotypes evaluated presented high genetic diversity leading to great variability of cooking time, and they also indicated that seven hours of soaking was necessary to obtain a minimum of 82.5% hydration as an optimized condition to reach the fastest cooking time. Considering these findings, cooking tests for an early selection of bean lineages can be standardized and can be used to standardize Usage Value Analysis (UVA), which is usually required for official registration of common bean cultivar

Tempo de cocção de grãos de feijão em função do tipo d'água

O feijao constitui-se em uma importante fonte de proteina e minerais, mas apresenta atualmente baixo consumo devido ao longo tempo requerido para hidratacao e coccao, a qual aumenta a digestibilidade. Objetivou-se, na pesquisa, estudar o efeito do tipo de agua sobre o tempo de coccao em graos de feijao, em agua ultrapura, destilada, torneira e mineral durante o processo de coccao. Os graos da cultivar BRS-Valente foram hidratados por 21 horas em agua ultra pura, e em intervalos de uma hora procedeu-se a coccao em agua destilada e da torneira ate o ultimo tempo de hidratacao. Apenas no tempo de 6 horas de hidratacao procedeu-se a coccao nas aguas ultrapura, destilada, torneira e mineral. O aumento no tempo de hidratacao favoreceu o menor tempo de coccao, mas essa alta correlacao (-0,9), foi explicada principalmente pela queda acentuada no tempo de coccao, nas duas primeiras horas de hidratacao. Assim, a correlacao geral nao explicou o real comportamento dos resultados obtidos, mas sim a analise conjunta atraves da regressao linear segmentada. Conclui-se que o rapido tempo de hidratacao foi um indicativo do menor tempo de coccao para a cultivar BRS-Valente, desde que o grao apresentasse um porcentual de 69% de hidratacao, no tempo de 2 horas de hidratacao. O uso da agua ultrapura e destilada durante o processo de coccao proporcionou um nivel normal de resistencia a coccao (23 e 30 minutos), a agua da torneira diferiu das demais e causou um nivel resistente a coccao (±37 minutos), enquanto que na agua mineral o tempo de coccao foi muito elevado (>300 minutos).

Efeito da aplicação de fungicidas no controle de doenças foliares de arroz irrigado e sua relação com o rendimento industrial

Leaf diseases of rice can compromise grain filling and spikelet maturation for accelerating the drying of grains and, consequently, reducing the industrial yield. The use of fungicide has the potential to reduce the damage from leaf diseases and increase the industrial yield. The aim of this study was to evaluate the number of fungicide application at different growth stages on the control of leaf diseases for multiple pathosystem (blast, brown spot and scald) and its relationship with the industrial yield (income benefit, whole and broken grains). The experiments were conducted in the growing seasons 2011/12 and 2012/13 in Rio do Oeste County, located at Alto Vale do Itajai, Santa Catarina State. Rice cultivar SCS 116 Satoru was used. Experimental design was in randomized blocks with four replicates and six treatments constituted of applications of a mixture of fungicides difenoconazole and azoxystrobin, while one of the treatments (control) received no chemical application. Fungicide applications were performed at V8 vegetative stage and at the reproductive stages R0, R2, R4 and R6. Harvest was manually performed, obtaining 2m2 of the central area of each plot. One, two, three, four and five fungicide applications showed an average increase, compared to the control, in the two seasons, of 6%, 7.2%, 13.1%, 17.4% and 19.2% of the income benefit, 14.6%, 28.5%, 36.1%, 45% and 48.7% for whole grains, while the percentage of broken grains reduced by 4.4%, 13.2%, 21.7%, 35% and 41.4%, respectively.

Intensidade de doenças foliares, produtividade, massa de mil grãos e grãos manchados em resposta ao número de aplicações de fungicida no cultivar de arroz irrigado SCS 116 Satoru

ABSTRACT Additional keywords: Oryza sativa, damage, leaf spots, grain quality. The occurrence of leaf diseases in irrigated rice can reduce the yield and the grain quality. The aim of this study was to quantify the response of fungicide application number on leaf disease intensity, productivity, thousand grain weight and spotted grain in irrigated rice. Experiments were conducted with cultivar SCS 116 Satoru in 2011/12 and 2012/13 growing seasons in the city Rio do Oeste, located in Alto Vale do Itajai, Santa Catarina State. Experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four replicates and six treatments constituted of a mixture of fungicides triazole (difenoconazole) and strobilurin (azoxystrobin) in one application at the end of tillering (V8), two applications (V8 + R0, panicle initiation), Bordin, L.C.; Casa, R.T.; Marcuzzo, L.L.; Sangoi, L.; Zancan, R.L. Intensity of leaf diseases, productivity, thousand grain weight and spotted grains in response to the number of fungicide applications on irrigated rice cultivar SCS 116 Satoru.