Luiz Fernandes Cardoso Campos

Industrial tomato lines: morphological properties and productivity

The tomato is the second most produced vegetable in the world, with significant participation in the human diet. In addition, the production of tomatoes generates jobs and family income. The availability of improved cultivars that provide greater profitability to the producer and satisfactorily meets the needs of the fresh fruit market and the processing industry becomes imperative due to its importance. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize and select industrial tomato lines in regard to fruit yield, number of leaf branches, and number of flower racemes (NFR). The experiment was conducted in 2014 in the experimental area of the Federal University of Goiás (Universidade Federal de Goiás). The design was a randomized block design with four replicates and 25 genotypes. The number of leaf branches (NB), NFR, and fruit productivity were evaluated. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance and the means compared by the Tukey test. A difference was observed (P ≤ 0.01) for all traits analyzed. The NB and NFR were related, where more branches promoted an increase in NFR and thus the productivity increases. In addition, a greater number of fruits implied in smaller fruit size, and consequently lower fruit mass. The lowest number of fruit per plant caused increased fruit size and mass. The lines CVR 1, CVR 3, CVR 4, CVR 5, CVR 21, and CVR 22 were suitable for genetic enhancement of tomato and provided the greatest productivity.

Desenvolvimento, produtividade e qualidade dos frutos da videira em consórcio com culturas de cobertura

The use of permanent or partial vegetative cover of the soil in the vineyards can influence the production and the quality of the grape. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the development of the grapevine productivity as well as the qualitative characteristics of ‘Isabel’ grape, in consortium with soil cover plants. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Itapuranga, GO, and consisted of six treatments established in a randomized block design, in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, in five replications. The first factor consisted of a plant species cover the soil: Jack Beans (Canavalia ensiformis L. DC), lab-lab (Dolichos lab lab L.) and spontaneous plants. In the second factor, there were two pruning seasons of the grapevine crop, based on the sowing of the cover crops. In other words, the first pruning season in the vine was performed 25 days after sowing (DAS) of the cover plants and the second pruning season in the vine was performed at 55 DAS. In three crop cycles, the soil cover plants consortium with the grapevine does not influence the morphological variables, the productivity, the variables associated with the productivity and the qualitative characteristics of the grape. Different times of pruning influence the productivity and the associated variables in the grape crop. The pruning at 25 days after sowing of the cover plants presented better results for the morphological variables and qualitative characteristics of the grape. Therefore, for the local conditions and for the evaluated time, use of hedge plants did not influence the production of the vines as well as the quality of the grape. However pruning times can affect the development of the vine, reflecting its productivity and quality.

ATRIBUTOS QUÍMICOS DO SOLO E PRODUTIVIDADE DE MILHO EM RESIDUAL DE LEGUMINOSAS EM SISTEMA AGROFLORESTAL

Leguminous species can improve nutrient cycling and chemical quality of Oxisols, resulting in higher productivity of intercropped crops. Thus, this research aimed to evaluate the decomposition rate and nutrient accumulation in legume stubble, as well as its contribution to soil chemical attributes, the growth of baru trees (Dipteryx alata Vogel), and yield of intercropped maize in an agroforestry system. The experiment was developed during the crop years of 2010-2011 and 2011-2012, in Goiás State, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block with five replicates. Leguminous species consisted of sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea), jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), Stylosanthes (Stylosanthes macrocephala 20% and Stylosanthes capitata 80%), and spontaneous vegetation (control treatment). The decomposition rates of legume and spontaneous vegetation residues remained unchanged in the agroforestry system. Sunn hemp, jack bean, and Stylosanthes plants are advantageous options for total accumulation of nutrients. However, sunn hemp grown as straw cover for next crop seasons increases the available phosphorus levels in the soil and productivity of maize cobs. With this coverage, maize productivity values were up to 24% higher than were those with maize growing on spontaneous vegetation, besides having no effect on the growth of baru trees.