Luiz Filiphe Gonçalves Canuto

Influence of rapid palatal expansion on maxillary incisor alignment stability

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the long-term stability of maxillary incisor alignment in patients treated with and without rapid maxillary expansion (RME). METHODS The sample comprised 48 subjects with Class I and Class II malocclusions, treated without extractions with fixed edgewise appliances, divided into 2 groups according to the treatment protocol: group 1 comprised 25 patients (15 girls, 10 boys) at a mean initial age of 13.53 years (SD, 1.63), who had RME during orthodontic treatment. Group 2 comprised 23 patients (13 girls, 10 boys) at a mean initial age of 13.36 years (SD, 1.81 years), treated with fixed appliances without RME. Maxillary dental cast measurements were obtained at the pretreatment, posttreatment, and long-term posttreatment stages. Variables assessed were the irregularity index and maxillary arch dimensions. Intergroup comparisons were made with independent t tests. RESULTS Greater transverse increases were found during treatment in the group treated with RME. However, during the long-term posttreatment period, no significant difference was observed in the amount of incisor crowding relapse between the groups. CONCLUSIONS RME did not influence long-term maxillary anterior alignment stability.

Apinhamento ântero-superior: revisão e análise crítica da literatura

INTRODUCTION: The treatment of crowding of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth commonly suffers relapse. Therefore, major studies focus only on stability of mandibular anterior segment. OBJECTIVE: This article propose a review and critical analysis of the literature, emphasizing the etiologic factors of incisors crowding, the various treatment plans and the relapse of the maxillary anterior segment, considering the treatment protocols, the periodontal factors and the rapid maxillary expansion. CONCLUSIONS: The main factors influencing the relapse are the severity of the initial malocclusion, the changes in arch dimensions and the changes in physiology of periodontal tissue. The study of the causes of relapse is important to help in achieving a correct treatment planning and to predict the postretention stability.

Influence of treatment including second molars on final and postretention molar angulation

OBJECTIVE Evaluate axial mesiodistal inclinations of the mandibular molars in orthodontically treated cases, analyzing whether inclusion of second mandibular molars in treatment mechanics has any influence on final and postretention molars angulations. METHODS The sample comprised 150 panoramic radiographs of 50 patients. Patients were treated with extraction of four first premolars and divided into 2 groups: Group 1 comprised 25 subjects without inclusion of mandibular second molars during orthodontic treatment, whereas Group 2 comprised 25 subjects with inclusion of mandibular second molars. Panoramic radiographs at three observation times were evaluated: pretreatment, posttreatment and postretention. The statistical analysis included one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for intragroup evaluation and independent t-tests for intergroup comparisons. RESULTS Intragroup analysis demonstrated significant uprighting of mandibular first and second molars during treatment in Group 2, which remained stable during the postretention stage. Intergroup comparison demonstrated that Group 2 presented first and second molars significantly more uprighted in relation to Group 1 in both post-treatment and postretention stages. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that inclusion of mandibular second molars in the orthodontic mechanics is relevant not only to correct the angulation of these teeth, but also to aid mandibular first molars uprighting.

Recidiva do apinhamento anterossuperior nas más oclusões de Classe I e Classe II tratadas ortodonticamente sem extrações

OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to retrospectively compare the postretention stability of maxillary anterior incisors alignment in Class I and Class II patients. METHODS: The sample comprised 38 patients of both genders, treated with nonextraction and Edgewise mechanics, divided into two groups: Group 1, comprised of 19 patients, at a mean age of 13.06 years, with Class I malocclusion and initial maxillary anterior crowding greater than 3 mm; Group 2, comprised of 19 patients, at a mean age of 12.54 years, with Class II malocclusion, and also with a initial maxillary anterior crowding greater than 3 mm. In the dental casts of pretreatment, posttreatment and postretention phase, the Littles irregularity index, intercanine distance and distance between first and between second premolars, intermolar distance and maxillary arch length were measured. For intragroup comparison among the three times of evaluation, it was used the one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey test. Intergroup comparison was performed by independent t tests. To verify the presence of correlation, the Pearson correlation test was used. RESULTS: It was evidenced greater stability of treatment in Group 2 (Class II), because during the postretention period it was observed a softer relapse of maxillary anterior crowding in Group 2 (0.80mm) than in Group 1 (1.67mm). CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that the treatment of maxillary anterior crowding is more stable in Class II malocclusion than in Class I malocclusion.