Luiz Menini Neto

Orchidaceae do Parque Estadual de Ibitipoca, MG, Brasil

ABSTRACT – (Orchidaceae of Ibitipoca State Park, Minas Gerais State, Brazil). Ibitipoca State Park (PEIB) is located in southeasternMinas Gerais, in Santa Rita de Ibitipoca and Lima Duarte municipalities (21o40’-21o44’S; 43o52’-43o55’W). It has a variety of v egetationtypes, with a predominance of “campo rupestre” (rocky grasslands) mixed with forests. This work aimed to survey Orchidaceae spe ciesgrowing at PEIB. One-hundred-and-eighteen taxa belonging to 47 genera were found. The largest genera are Pleurothallis sensu lato (13 spp.), Oncidium (12 spp. and one probable hybrid), Epidendrum (10 spp.), and Maxillaria (9 spp.). Four species are new recordsfor the flora of Minas Gerais state. Compared to other areas of “campos rupestres”, PEIB is one of the most species-rich sites, in spiteof having a relatively small area. Key words : “ campo rupestre ”,Atlantic rain forest, cloud forest, biogeography Introducao O Parque Estadual de Ibitipoca (PEIB) estasituado no sudeste do Estado de Minas Gerais, entreos municipios de Santa Rita de Ibitipoca e LimaDuarte. Apresenta em sua area um mosaico deformacoes vegetais, das quais o campo rupestre ocupaa maior extensao. E a menor unidade de conservacaodo estado que tem o campo rupestre como sua principalformacao, sendo tambem uma das unidades deconservacao mais visitadas no Brasil (Salimena-Pires1997; Rodela 1998; Vitta 2002). Na segunda edicaodo Atlas para a conservacao da biodiversidade noestado de Minas Gerais, a Serra de Ibitipoca figuraentre as areas prioritarias para a conservacao da florano Estado, citada na categoria de importância biologicaespecial, o nivel mais alto adotado (Drummond

A família Orchidaceae na Reserva Biológica da Represa do Grama - Descoberto, Minas Gerais, Brasil

A survey consist the taxonomic study of the Orchidaceae family in the Reserva Biológica da Represa do Grama, located at Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais, in the Descoberto’s town. The area covers 263,8 hectares of stationary semidecidual forest. There were finded for the family 23 genera and 28 species. There are gived key to identification, descriptions, ilustrations, geographical distribution and comments for each species.

A comprehensive checklist of vascular epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest reveals outstanding endemic rates.

Abstract Knowledge of the geographic distribution of plants is essential to underpin the understanding of global biodiversity patterns. Vascular epiphytes are important components of diversity and functionality of Neotropical forests but, unlike their terrestrial counterparts, they are under-represented in large-scale diversity and biogeographic analyses. This is the case for the Atlantic Forest - one of the most diverse and threatened biomes worldwide. We provide the first comprehensive species list of Atlantic Forest vascular epiphytes; their endemism patterns and threatened species occurrence have also been analyzed. A list with 2,256 species of (hemi-)epiphytes - distributed in 240 genera and 33 families - is presented based on the updated Brazilian Flora Checklist. This represents more than 15% of the total vascular plant richness in the Atlantic Forest. Moreover, 256 species are included on the Brazilian Red List. More than 93% of the overall richness is concentrated in ten families, with 73% represented by Orchidaceae and Bromeliaceae species alone. A total of 78% of epiphytic species are endemic to the Atlantic Forest, in contrast to overall vascular plant endemism in this biome estimated at 57%. Among the non-endemics, 13% of epiphytic species also occur either in the Amazon or in the Cerrado - the other two largest biomes of Brazil – and only 8% are found in two or more Brazilian biomes. This pattern of endemism, in addition to available dated phylogenies of some genera, indicate the dominance of recent radiations of epiphytic groups in the Atlantic Forest, showing that the majority of divergences dating from the Pliocene onwards are similar to those that were recently reported for other Neotropical plants.

Epiphytic angiosperms in a mountain forest in southern Bahia, Brazil

The Atlantic Forest in southern Bahia State, Brazil, has high levels of diversity and vascular plant endemism. There have been few floristic surveys of the mountain forests there, however, especially those focusing on herbs and canopy plants, with studies of Atlantic Forest epiphytes having been limited to the southern and southeastern region of that country. The present study therefore surveyed the epiphytic angiosperms in the Serra das Lontras National Park (SLNP), the distribution of their species among genera and families, and their biogeographical patterns. Fieldwork was performed between February 2011 and March 2012. Collections were made along roads and trails and phorophytes were occasionally climbed and fallen trees and branches examined in order to sample canopy species. The study site demonstrated high epiphyte richness (256 spp.), one of the highest recorded in the Atlantic Forest. The richest families are Orchidaceae, Bromeliaceae, and Araceae, reaffirming the patterns reported in previous major reviews on epiphytes. The species exhibit high degrees of endemism (45%) to the Atlantic Forest, especially among the Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae. One new occurrence to Brazil, four to the Atlantic Forest and 30 to Bahia state are registered. The SLNP shares more species with areas of southern and southeastern Brazil than with other northeastern states.

Biogeography of epiphytic Angiosperms in the Brazilian Atlantic forest, a world biodiversity hotspot

Abstract This study aims to analyse the available distributional data about epiphytic Angiosperms of the Brazilian Atlantic forest (BAF) in order to define geographic distribution patterns, areas of higher species richness and endemism, and locate knowledge gaps regarding the epiphytic flora. Thus, we seek to enhance the knowledge of the biogeography of these species and highlight priority areas for their conservation. Distribution data from literature and collections housed in 51 herbaria were compiled and submitted to analyses of richness (species count per distribution grid), similarity and parsimony analysis of endemicity. The regions of higher richness and endemism, chiefly in Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo, overlap with those found for trees and animal groups, while the location of some areas of endemism coincide with the supposed existence of Pleistocene forest refuges in Brazil’s Northeastern and Southeastern regions. The Doce River seems to be responsible for the division of the Angiosperm epiphytic flora into north and south sectors of the BAF. In addition, the existence of a discontinuity named here as ‘Falha de Conde’ (Conde’s Gap) situated in the northern corner of the State of Bahia was highlighted. Such gap divides the north sector of the BAF into two segments. It was also found that the hydrographic basins influence the delimitation of those areas. Subsampling of parts of the range leads to information gaps that need to be addressed by further data collection to ensure an improved understanding of the biogeographic relation between some of the regions, and also to fully clarify their delimitation.

Cactaceae na Serra Negra, Minas Gerais, Brasil

As part of the floristic studies of the Serra Negra, located at the southern end of the Minas Gerais in Zona da Mata region and included in the Mantiqueira mountain range, this study of the family Rubiaceae comprises 26 genera and 48 species. The most diverse genus is Psychotria, with 12 species, followed by Borreria (5), Coccocypselum (4), Manettia (3), Margaritopsis (2) and Palicourea (2), while Alseis, Amaioua, Bathysa, Chomelia, Cordiera, Coussarea, Coutarea, Diodia, Emmeorhiza, Faramea, Galianthe, Galium, Guettarda, Hillia, Hindsia, Ladenbergia, Posoqueria, Remijia, Rudgea and Schizocalyx are representaded by a single species each. Psychotria pallens was found for the first time in Minas Gerais, and a new locality for narrow endemic and endangered Hindsia ibitipocensis, known until now only for the Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca. Identification keys, descriptions, illustrations and comments on the taxonomy, ecology and distribution of the species are provided. Key-words: “Campo rupestre”, Atlantic Forest, Serra da Mantiqueira. Rubiaceae da Serra Negra, Minas Gerais, Brasil1 Rubiaceae of Serra Negra, Minas Gerais, Brazil Juliana Amaral de Oliveira, Fatima Regina G. Salimena & Daniela Zappi Rodriguesia 65(2): 471-504. 2014 http://rodriguesia.jbrj.gov.br 1 Monografia de conclusao de curso da primeira autora. 2 Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical, Programa de Pos-graduacao em Botânica, R. Pacheco Leao 2040, 22460-030, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. 3 Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Inst. Ciencias Biologicas, Depto. Botânica, 36036-330, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil 4 Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, England, U.K./Gardens by the Bay, 18 Marina Gardens Drive, Singapore. Autor para correspondencia: jujumaral@yahoo.com.br Introducao Rubiaceae Juss. e considerada uma das maiores familias entre as angiospermas, com cerca 640 generos e aproximadamente 13.500 especies (Govaerts et al. 2011). No Brasil, ocorrem 120 generos e 1.367 especies, destacando-se como uma das principais da flora brasileira e um importante elemento em todos os dominios geograficos do pais (Barbosa et al. 2013). Na Serra Negra, trata-se de uma das familias com maior riqueza de especies, sendo superada apenas por Orchidaceae, Asteraceae, Melastomataceae e Myrtaceae (Salimena et al. 2013). A familia pode ser facilmente reconhecida por apresentar folhas simples, inteiras, opostas ou verticiladas; estipulas interpeciolares; e flores geralmente diclamideas, (2‒3)4‒5(6‒7)-meras, com calice gamossepalo, corola gamopetala, androceu isostemone, com estames alternipetalos e epipetalos, ovario infero e um disco nectarifero geralmente presente acima do ovario. Apesar de ser uma familia extremamente importante na flora de Minas Gerais, para o estado ha apenas os trabalhos de Campos et al. (2006), para a Flora de Grao Mogol, area de campo rupestre 472 Oliveira, J.A., Salimena, F.R.G. & Zappi, D. Rodriguesia 65(2): 471-504. 2014 localizada na Serra do Espinhaco; Silveira (2010), para os campos rupestres da Serra da Canastra; e Pereira et al. (2006), abrangendo uma area de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Submontana na Zona da Mata Mineira. A Serra da Mantiqueira e uma das maiores e mais importantes cadeias montanhosas do sudeste brasileiro, abrangendo parte dos estados do Espirito Santo, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro e Minas Gerais. Abriga 20% dos remanescentes da Mata Atlântica mineira (Costa & Herrmann 2006). A Serra Negra integra o corredor sudeste do Complexo da Mantiqueira, considerada uma regiao prioritaria para a conservacao da biodiversidade de Minas Gerais, devido a elevada riqueza e grau de endemismo de especies da sua fauna e flora (Drummond et al. 2005). Estudos floristicos na Serra Negra comprovaram uma elevada diversidade, reunindo mais de 1.030 especies de fanerogamas (Salimena et al. 2013) e 210 especies de pteridofitas (Souza et al. 2012). Em apenas um de seus ambientes, uma mata de grota de ca. 0,9 ha, foram amostradas 157 especies de plantas vasculares nao-arboreas (Menini Neto et al. 2009). O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar o estudo taxonomico da familia Rubiaceae na regiao da Serra Negra, contribuindo para o conhecimento desta familia na Serra da Mantiqueira e no estado de Minas Gerais.

Annonaceae na Serra Negra, Minas Gerais, Brasil

The taxonomic study of Annonaceae in Serra Negra is presented, which covers the municipalities of Rio Preto, Olaria, Santa Barbara do Monte Verde and Lima Duarte in Minas Gerais state. Seven species belonging to three genera has been registered: Annona dolabripetala, A. mucosa, A. sylvatica, Guatteria australis, G. pohliana G. sellowiana and Xylopia brasiliensis. A key for identification as well as descriptions, illustrations, and comments about of the species taxonomy, ecology and geographic distribution are presented.

Habenaria Pseudoglaucophylla (Orchidaceae), A New Species from Minas Gerais, Brazil

ABSTRACT Habenaria pseudoglaucophylla J. A. N. Batista, R. C. Mota & N. Abreu (Orchidaceae, Orchideae, Habenariinae), a new species from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, is described and illustrated. The species was first collected in 1970, but previously misidentified as H. glaucophylla Barbosa Rodrigues and H. umbraticola Barbosa Rodrigues. Distinctive features of the new species are the rosulate leaves, the deeply tripartite lip, the oblong posterior petal lobe with a truncate apex, and the short, tooth-like anterior petal lobe. The new species occurs in campo rupestre vegetation, usually associated with quartzite outcrops.

Cactaceae in the Serra Negra, Minas Gerais, Brazil

The taxonomic study of Cactaceae in Serra Negra, Minas Gerais is presented. The family is represented in the area by five genera and nine species: Arthrocereus melanurus subsp. magnus, Hatiora salicornioides, Lepismium houlletianum, Opuntia monacantha, Rhipsalis elliptica, R. floccosa subsp. pulvinigera, R. juengeri, R. lindbergiana and R. pilocarpa. The first and last species are considered threatened for the State of Minas Gerais. It must be highlighted that Arthrocereus melanurus subsp. magnus was known previously only from the Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca and the present data resulted on an expansion of its known distribution area. Conservation of not yet protected areas like Serra Negra is very important, because their unique assemblage of species is constantly damaged by frequent and disorganized tourism and illegal plant collection. Local forest and natural fields are being further degraded as they are transformed into pasture land, and the threats faced by many species continue to grow. Identification keys, descriptions, illustrations, taxonomic and ecologic comments are provided for the species treated.The taxonomic study of Cactaceae in Serra Negra, Minas Gerais is presented. The family is represented in the area by five genera and nine species: Arthrocereus melanurus subsp. magnus, Hatiora salicornioides, Lepismium houlletianum, Opuntia monacantha, Rhipsalis elliptica, R. floccosa subsp. pulvinigera, R. juengeri, R. lindbergiana and R. pilocarpa. The first and last species are considered threatened for the State of Minas Gerais. It must be highlighted that Arthrocereus melanurus subsp. magnus was known previously only from the Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca and the present data resulted on an expansion of its known distribution area. Conservation of not yet protected areas like Serra Negra is very important, because their unique assemblage of species is constantly damaged by frequent and disorganized tourism and illegal plant collection. Local forest and natural fields are being further degraded as they are transformed into pasture land, and the threats faced by many species continue to grow. Identification keys, descriptions, illustrations, taxonomic and ecologic comments are provided for the species treated.

Zeuxine strateumatica (Orchidaceae) goes south: a first record for Brazil

SummaryZeuxine strateumatica (L.) Schltr. is recorded for the first time in South America, in São Paulo State (Brazil), the southernmost record for the species. It also occurs in Asia, northern Oceania, North America and the Caribbean. A historical record of the geographical expansion of Z. strateumatica is outlined with emphasis on the New World.