M.A. Sheromov

Application of Synchrotron Radiation for Studying Detonation and Shock-Wave Processes

A new method of remote investigation of detonation and shock‐wave processes with the use of synchrotron radiation is proposed. The facility used for the first experiments with measurement of density and small‐angle x‐ray scattering in detonation of condensed explosives is described. The high time and spatial resolution of the techniques proposed allows one to determine the character and mechanism of destruction of the condensed phase and the growth dynamics of new structures, including crystalline ones, in detonation flows. The capabilities of the new technique are described.

System of primary collimators of SR beam at the small-angle station for KSRS

Abstract The wide program of development of methods and experimental techniques for usage at the Kurchatov Synchrotron Radiation Source (KSRS) is implemented by us. The report illustrates a part of this program directed at creating the small-angle station DICSI-6 on the beam line “Siberia-2”. It is intended for X-ray diffraction research of structures and structural changes of a wide range of objects in various areas of science and technology—molecular and cell biology, organic chemistry, solid-state physics, etc. Some technical information about the elaborated system of devices for station DICSI-6 intended for forming an X-ray synchrotron beam and method for adjustment of the system are considered.

SEARCH FOR BIOLOGICAL OBJECTS BY REFRACTION RADIOGRAPHY USING SYNCHROTRON RADIATION OF VEPP-3 STORAGE RING

Abstract The possibility of using synchrotron radiation (SR) for obtaining the X-ray images of biological objects by the method of refraction radiography at the energies of 8.9 and 33.2 keV is shown. The results of experiments at the storage ring VEPP-3 (Novosibirsk) are presented. In comparison with a conventional X-ray source, the exposition time with SR is reduced by a factor of more than a thousand (approximately, down to 1–2 s), and the quality of images is improved.

THE STATION FOR TIME-RESOLVED INVESTIGATION IN WIDE AND SMALL ANGLES OF DIFFRACTION

Abstract The description of the experimental station installed on 5-b th beam line of VEPP-3 storage ring (Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS, Novosibirsk) is presented. The synchrotron radiation (SR) from viggler generating 2 beams is used. The station is intended for X-ray diffraction research of various biological objects and other materials in small and wide diffraction angles.

A small-angle X-ray diffractometry station using a synchrotron radiation source: design and adjustment modes

Abstract In this paper, a small-angle X-ray scattering station for structural high-time-resolution studies on muscles during contraction using synchrotron radiation (SR) sources is described. The major parts of the station are: an X-ray/optic scheme, a combination of optical and small-angle X-ray diffractometers, basic modules, and registration systems. These were used at SR sources. The original design and adjustment schemes were realized in this station, which allowed one to place optimal X-ray optics, to increase illumination, and to obtain information about the structure of muscles by X-ray diffractometry.

Status of method of time-resolved X-ray diffraction studies of biological objects at the Siberian SR Centre

Abstract The method of high-speed X-ray diffractometry with time resolution for small-angle studies of structural changes during muscle contraction is described. The parameters of the small-angle camera, devices for survival and control of muscle, the system for registration of diffraction patterns are considered. The algorithm for carrying out the experiment by using the time-resolved technique and steps of mathematical treatment of results are presented.

Methods of research of the detonation and shock wave processes with the help of SR. Possibilities and prospects

Abstract The existing research methods are insufficient for investigation of the detonation physics because of very high pressure, rapidity and aggressiveness of explosion. Therefore, new methods allowing direct experimental investigation with the help of SR are of great interest. This paper suggests and describes realization of a new method for remote investigation of the detonation and shock wave processes with the help of SR. Presented below is a description of the experimental facility at which the first studies on the measurement of the passed radiation and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) at detonation of condensed explosives were conducted.

Synchrotron radiation and free electron laser activities at SSRC

Abstract In the last decade the Siberian SR Centre has implemented a wide program of SR and FEL research in cooperation with various research centres and institutions in Russia and abroad. The report illustrates this program, including joint experiments with the use of SR and FEL sources available at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (INP), the implementation of new joint projects in Novosibirsk and at other centres, as well as the delivery of equipment designed and fabricated at the Budker INP or in collaboration with the Russian industry. Some technical information about the SR storage rings, wigglers, undulators and free electron lasers which are being constructed, used or developed at Budker INP is given as well.

The experimental station for X-ray microscopy and microtomography at the VEPP-3 storage ring

Abstract The experimental station for X-ray scanning transmission microscopy and microtomography using synchrotron radiation from the VEPP-3 is described. The station allows usual and difference microroentgenographs and microtomographs to be taken in the quanta energy range 5–35 keV. At present the achievable spatial resolution is estimated to be 2–3 μm.

Synchrotron radiation instrumentation for “in situ” investigation of explosion with nanosecond time resolution

Abstract A special instrumentation was developed for the investigation of explosions by synchrotron radiation with 250ns time resolution. It consists of an explosion chamber, detonation front sensors (wire detectors) and X-ray detectors. The time dependence of the absorption coefficient of the explosive material was measured during the explosion. In the same experiments, the SAXS and the diffraction signal were observed. In the first experiments, hexogen-TNT alloy was used to obtain diamond powder as explosion product. In this experiment the SAXS intensity increased sharply for 1500ns. This is an unusual result, because according to theory, most chemical transformations finish in about 200ns. The test experiment has shown that it is possible to receive a time resolution of 20ns.