M.F.M. Zain

Modern architecture in the 21 st century

This paper presents the modern architecture in the current century. Modern architecture is a new architectural style that emerged in many countries in the decade after World War I. It was based on the “rational” use of modern materials, the principles of functionalist planning, and the rejection of historical precedent and ornament. Modern architecture was adopted by many influential architects and an architectural educator, gained popularity after the Second World War, and continues as a dominant architectural style for institutional and corporate buildings in the 21st century. According to this research, The Modern movement also referred to controversially as a style by some bound morality, technology and art together. Morality in that there was an aim to improve humanitys lot, notably whole scale demolition of slums to make way for clean modern housing. This paper presents the role of modernism in architecture. In this paper has been shown the influence of modernism in humanity and countries.

M-array quadrature amplitude modulation wireless sensor network modulator reliability and accuracy analyze in civil SHM

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is the new invention applying for assessment the damage of the historica l or high rise civil building structural health. Tech nical challenges affecting deployment of wireless s ensor network including the range of the transmission pro blem, low data transmission rate of the existing SH M strategies. The most vital factor of SHM wireless s ensor systems is the modulator accuracy and reliabi lity that qualify the wireless communication system to a ssess large building structure health Information. The objective of this article is to provide solution to measure both reliability and accuracy of the wirel ess sensor network modulator. we computed M-array QAM modulator BER and compare the simulation result with theoretical to find out optimum modulation techniqu e for transmission System with considering maximum data rate, AWGN channel and also measured modulator accuracy based on ZigBee by computing M-array modulator Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) to quantify the transmitter quality.

New Photocatalyst LiNbO 3 for Corrosion Reducing and Environment Friendly Sustainable Concrete Construction

By the carbonation process concrete construction absorbs carbon dioxide from surrounding environment. This absorbed carbon dioxide reacts with the calcium oxide, which is already present in Reinforced concrete (RC) and form calcium carbonate an acidic compound that enhances corrosion on the surface of the reinforcement. Addition of photo catalytic materials to the RC structure during its construction phase could reduce the corrosion problem of RC materials. This material hinders calcium oxide to form acidic compound and creates a complex compound. In combination with light, this complex compound is oxidized, and residual compound will exist in or surface of RC material. In this study we find out a new photo catalytic material LiNbO3 in concrete construction, adjustable with RC material for reducing corrosion problem and enhancing oxidization process of volatile organic compounds (VOC).

Modern Rammed Earth in Earth Architecture

Rammed earth is a technique for building walls using the raw materials of earth, chalk, lime and gravel. Rammed earth is a structural wall system built of natural mineral soils compacted in thin layers within sturdy formwork. People have been using various forms of earth to build structures for centuries. The ancient „rammed earth‟ building technique has been used in Neolithic architecture sites and modern buildings alike. From underground green homes to other futuristic green houses. Modern architecture is a new architectural style that emerged in many countries in the decade after World War I. It was based on the “rational” use of modern materials, the principles of functionalist planning, and the rejection of historical precedent and ornament. This paper is included many examples of structures made from rammed earth using modern architecture. The result has shown the earthen buildings create safer, more people-friendly buildings. The earthen buildings are very low in embodied energy, and extremely comfortable to live in based on modern architecture.

The Important Role of Chogha Zanbil in Earth Architecture Based on Material, Structural and Architectural Aspects

Earthen buildings come in a vast variety of shapes and sizes, made from materials like fired clay, compressed dirt and a mixture of clay, sand, straw and water. People have been using various forms of earth to build structures for centuries. The aim of this paper is to find better knowledge about Chogha Zanbil as an earth architecture based on material, structural and architectural conditions. Earth architecture includes vernacular and historical architecture drawn from many cultures and periods in different countries. Chogha Zanbil’s materials are included mud bricks and walls that are earth building’s elements. The result has shown mud bricks as good materials can be develop in new buildings and applications.