M. Ghazali Kamardan

Case Study: Students’ Symbolic Manipulation in Calculus Among UTHM Students

Words are symbols representing certain aspects of mathematics. The main purpose of this study is to gain insight into students symbolic manipulation in calculus among UTHM students. This study make use the various methods in collecting data which are documentation, pilot study, written test and follow up individual interviews. Hence, the results analyzed and interpreted based on action-process-object-schema framework which is based on Piagets ideas of reflective abstraction, the concept of relational and instrumental understanding and the zone of proximal development idea. The students reply in the interview session is analyzed and then the overall performance is discussed briefly to relate with the students flexibility in symbolic manipulation in linking to the graphical idea, the students interpretation towards different symbolic structure in calculus and the problem that related to overgeneralization in their calculus problems solving.

Modified Multi Prime RSA Cryptosystem

RSA [1] is one of the mostly used cryptosystem in securing data and information. nThough, it has been recently discovered that RSA has some weaknesses and in advance ntechnology, RSA is believed to be inefficient especially when it comes to decryption. Thus, a nnew algorithm called Multi prime RSA, an extended version of the standard RSA is studied. nThen, a modification is made to the Multi prime RSA where another keys is shared secretly nbetween the receiver and the sender to increase the securerity. As in RSA, the methodology used nfor modified Multi-prime RSA also consists of three phases; 1. Key Generation in which the nsecret and public keys are generated and published. In this phase, the secrecy is improved by nadding more prime numbers and addition of secret keys. 2. Encryption of the message using the npublic and secret keys given. 3. Decryption of the secret message using the secret key generated. nFor the decryption phase, a method called Chinese Remainder Theorem is used which helps to nfasten the computation. Since Multi prime RSA use more than two prime numbers, the algorithm nis more efficient and secure when compared to the standard RSA. Furthermore, in modified Multi nprime RSA another secret key is introduced to increase the obstacle to the attacker. Therefore, it nis strongly believed that this new algorithm is better and can be an alternative to the RSA.

Spatio-temporal modelling of dengue fever incidence in Malaysia

Previous studies reported significant relationship between dengue incidence rate (DIR) and both climatic and non-climatic factors. Therefore, this study proposes a generalised additive model (GAM) framework for dengue risk in Malaysia by using both climatic and non-climatic factors. The data used is monthly DIR for 12 states of Malaysia from 2001 to 2009. In this study, we considered an annual trend, seasonal effects, population, population density and lagged DIR, rainfall, temperature, number of rainy days and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The population density is found to be positively related to monthly DIR. There are generally weak relationships between monthly DIR and climate variables. A negative binomial GAM shows that there are statistically significant relationships between DIR with climatic and non-climatic factors. These include mean rainfall and temperature, the number of rainy days, sea surface temperature and the interaction between mean temperature (lag 1 month) and sea surface temperature (lag 6 months). These also apply to DIR (lag 3 months) and population density.

A Mathematical Model Development for the Lateral Collapse of Octagonal Tubes

Many researches has been done on the lateral collapse of tube. However, the previous researches nonly focus on cylindrical and square tubes. Then a research has been done discovering the collapse nbehaviour of hexagonal tube and the mathematic model of the deformation behaviour had been developed n[8]. The purpose of this research is to study the lateral collapse behaviour of symmetric octagonal tubes and nhence to develop a mathematical model of the collapse behaviour of these tubes. For that, a predictive nmathematical model was developed and a finite element analysis procedure was conducted for the lateral ncollapse behaviour of symmetric octagonal tubes. Lastly, the mathematical model was verified by using the nfinite element analysis simulation results. It was discovered that these tubes performed different ndeformation behaviour than the cylindrical tube. Symmetric octagonal tubes perform 2 phases of elastic - nplastic deformation behaviour patterns. The mathematical model had managed to show the fundamental of nthe deformation behaviour of octagonal tubes. However, further studies need to be conducted in order to nfurther improve on the proposed mathematical model.

A Technique of Fuzzy C-Mean in Multiple Linear Regression Model toward Paddy Yield

In this paper, we propose a hybrid model which is a combination of multiple linear nregression model and fuzzy c-means method. This research involved a relationship between 20 nvariates of the top soil that are analyzed prior to planting of paddy yields at standard fertilizer nrates. Data used were from the multi-location trials for rice carried out by MARDI at major npaddy granary in Peninsular Malaysia during the period from 2009 to 2012. Missing nobservations were estimated using mean estimation techniques. The data were analyzed using nmultiple linear regression model and a combination of multiple linear regression model and nfuzzy c-means method. Analysis of normality and multicollinearity indicate that the data is nnormally scattered without multicollinearity among independent variables. Analysis of fuzzy cmeans ncluster the yield of paddy into two clusters before the multiple linear regression model ncan be used. The comparison between two method indicate that the hybrid of multiple linear nregression model and fuzzy c-means method outperform the multiple linear regression model nwith lower value of mean square error.

MADM For Solving Fourth-Order ODE

In this paper, we present the new reliable modification of Adomian decomposition method for solving fourth order ordinary deferential equations. The modification of Adomian decomposition method is an effective procedure to be applied in the singular or nonsingular problems within given the initial value problem. The results are compared with the existing exact or numerical method. Thus, the Modification of Adomian decomposition method are found to converge very quickly and more accurate compared to Adomian decomposition method. Several examples are given to show the ability and efficiency of the proposed method.

Applied Mathematical Optimization Technique on Menu Scheduling for Boarding School Student Using Delete-Reshuffle-Reoptimize Algorithm

Boarding school student needs to eat well balanced nutritious food which includes proper calories, vitality and supplements for legitimate development, keeping in mind the end goal is to repair and support the body tissues and averting undesired ailments and disease. Serving healthier menu is a noteworthy stride towards accomplishing that goal. Be that as it may, arranging a nutritious and adjusted menu physically is confounded, wasteful and tedious. This study intends to build up a scientific mathematical model for eating routine arranging that improves and meets the vital supplement consumption for boarding school student aged 13-18 and in addition saving the financial plan. It likewise gives the adaptability for the cook to change any favoured menu even after the ideal arrangement has been produced. A recalculation procedure will be performed in view of the ideal arrangement. The information was gathered from the the Ministry of Education and boarding schools authorities. Menu arranging is a notable enhancement issue and part of well-established optimization problem. The model was fathomed by utilizing Binary Programming and Delete-Reshuffle-Reoptimize Algortihm (DDRA).

A Mathematical Study on “Additive Technique” Versus “Branch and Bound Technique” for Solving Binary Programming Problem

A solid body needs adequate supplements from nourishment that we eat each day. Eating pretty much than what our body needs will prompt lack of healthy sustenance (under-nourishment and over-nourishment).In Malaysia, a few reviews have been directed to examine the wholesome status of Malaysians, particularly among youngsters and youths.However there are different methods for taking care of the menu arranging issue and in this paper Binary Programming (BP) is executed. Separately, Additive Technique (AT) and Branch and Bound Technique (BBT) are utilized as a part of BP.Both methodologies utilize diverse systems and might yield distinctive ideal arrangements. Along these lines, this study expects to build up a scientific model for eating regimen arranging that meets the essential supplement admission and look at the outcomes yield through additive substance and branch and bound methodologies. The information was gathered from different all inclusive schools and furthermore from the Ministry of Education. The model was illuminated by utilizing the Balas Algorithm through AT and Binary Programming through BBT.

Factors Affecting Road Traffic Accident in Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia

A road traffic accident resulted from the combination of factors related to the few components of the system involving environment, roads, road users, vehicles and the interaction between those systems. Road traffic accident (RTA) in Malaysia recorded as the highest fatality rate (per 100,000 population) among the ASEAN countries. In 2016, more than half of million cases accident recorded with more than 7,000 people were killed. Therefore, the RTA is one of the most critical issue in Malaysia even become the worldwide burden to authority. Generally, driving is a complex process which involves movement of a vehicle by either a computer or human controller. However, failure to control and coordinate will contribute to an accident. The objective of this study is to identify the pattern of accident in Johor Malaysia and to examine the relationship between the number of accident and the types of vehicles and roads. The results could help the government to recognise the different patterns, types of vehicles and roads that show major factors in the increasing of road traffic accident in Malaysia.

A NEW COMBINATION OF BROYDEN-FLETCHER-GOLDFARB-SHANNO AND BRENT TECHNIQUES IN SHOOTING METHOD FOR SOLVING NON-CLASSICAL OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEM

A current optimal control problem has the numerical properties that ndo not fall into the standard optimal control problem detailing. In our nconcern, the state condition at the final time, y(T ) = z, is free and nobscure, and furthermore the integrand is a piecewise consistent ncapacity of the obscure esteem y(T ). This is not a standard optimal ncontrol problem and cannot be settled utilizing Pontryagin’s minimum nprinciple with the standard limit conditions at the final time. In nthe standard issue, a free final state y(T ) yields an important limit ncondition p(T ) = 0, where p(t) is the costate. Since the integrand is na component of y(T ), the new fundamental condition is that y(T ) nyields to be equivalent to a specific necessary that is a consistent ncapacity of z. We solve the two point boundary value problem n(TPBVP) by combining the Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno n(BFGS) and Brent techniques in the shooting method. The limiting nfree y(T ) value is computed in an external circle emphasis through nthe Brent method. Comparative nonlinear programming through Euler nand Runge-Kutta is also presented.