M. Irwanto

Solar wireless power transfer using inductive coupling for mobile phone charger

A wireless power transfer (WPT) using inductive coupling for mobile phone charger is studied. The project is offer to study and fabricate solar WPT using inductive coupling for mobile phone charger that will give more information about distance is effect for WPT performance and WPT is not much influenced by the presence of hands, books and types of plastics. The components used to build wireless power transfer can be divided into 3 parts components, the transceiver for power transmission, the inductive coils in this case as the antenna, receiver and the rectifier which act convert AC to DC. Experiments have been conducted and the wireless power transfer using inductive coupling is suitable to be implemented for mobile phone charger.

Clear sky global solar irradiance on tilt angles of photovoltaic module in Perlis, Northern Malaysia

The performance of a photovoltaic (PV) is highly influenced by its orientation and its tilt angle with the horizontal, due to the fact that both the orientation and tilt angle change the amount of solar radiation reaching the surface of the PV module. This paper presents a calculation of tilt angle and global solar irradiance on PV module in Perlis, Northern Malaysia. A mathematic method is used to calculate tilt angles and clear sky global solar irradiance, which depend on latitude and day number. The clear sky global solar irradiance consists of beam, diffuse and reflected solar irradiance. The tilt angles and clear sky global solar irradiance change every day in a year and analyzed. The monthly average beam, diffuse, reflected and clear sky global solar irradiance are shown and analyzed in this paper. The tilt angles of PV module in Perlis, Northern Malaysia are −17.16° to 29.74°. The positive, zero and negative tilt angles indicate that the PV module is facing south, on horizontal surface and north, respectively. The monthly average beam solar irradiance give a highest value compared with the diffuse and reflected solar irradiance. The average monthly beam solar irradiance of a year is, 968.36 W/m2, diffuse and reflected solar irradiance are 88.22 W/m2, and 4.70 W/m2, respectively. Based on global solar irradiance of a year, Perlis has a big global solar irradiance potential, its average is 1019 W/m2. These data show that the clear sky global solar irradiance can be used for certain application, especially in PV power generation.

Analysis simulation of the photovoltaic output performance

Solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation is an attractive technique to reduce consumption of fossil fuels and as a renewable energy. PV system is convert photo energy into direct-current energy. The temperature of PV modules increases when it absorbs solar radiation, causing a decrease in efficiency. The overall power output and efficiency of the PV module can decrease by ~0.5%/ C and ~0.05%/ C when the ambient temperature of module increases. In fact the efficiency of the general PV modules is only between 13% until 20%. This caused will affected the PV module lifespan. In this work, the performance of PV output power is analysis by using PVsyst software. The open-circuit voltage (Voc) of PV module, short circuit current (Isc) and every change temperature on PV module are measure and record. In this work, the result of efficiency of PV under cooling system is 14% while the efficiency of PV under without cooling system is 10.3%. The incident irradiance is 1000 W/m2, the efficiency of PV module is 13.05% while the incident irradiance is 200 W/m2, and the efficiency of PV module is 10.45%. The higher efficiency of PV cell, the payback period of the system can be shorted and the lifespan of PV module can also be longer.

Potential of wind and solar energy using Weibull and hargreaves method analysis

This paper presents an analysis of wind speed characteristics and solar radiation received in Perlis, Northern of Peninsular Malaysia. The characteristic of wind and solar is recorded per hour for a month using Davis Vantage Pro2 Weather Station. Recorded data is analyze using Weibull distribution function and Hargreaves method for wind and solar respectively. The analysis through Davis Vantage Pro2 Weather Station is then used to compare wind and solar data collected from Chuping station, Malaysian Meteorological Department. From overall of this work, the authors found that the potential of wind and solar energy through out Weibull and Hargreaves method is successfully analyzes.

Solar cell using sensitizer extracted from organic substances

Renewable energy is rapidly gaining importance as an energy source that supports conventional energy from the deteriorating fossil fuels and coals. DSSC is another type of solar cell which has an advantage as low cost, easy to fabricate and is clean from contamination. This project presents the fabrication of Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) using organic dyes from dragon fruit and spinach extract (chlorophyll) Fabrication of DSSC uses conventional Dr. Blades method and measurement of DSSC is tested under halogen lamp as the light source for solar cell. Results shows that by using dragon fruit as sensitizer, the solar cells efficiency is 4.07% which is better than the use of chlorophyll dye which is 3.60%.

Improvement of dynamic power system stability by installing UPFC based on Fuzzy Logic Power System Stabilizer (FLPSS)

Low-frequency oscillation is associated with dynamic power system stability. In this paper, the ability of power system to damp low-frequency oscillation is compared between the conventional system with PSS and system installed with Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) based on Fuzzy Logic Power System Stabilizer (FLPSS). Both models are developed using linearized model of Phillips-Heffron Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) and simulated in Matlab Simulink. UPFC controller based on boosting modulation index converter (mb) and excitation modulation index converter (me) have been designed using Single in Single Out (SISO) method. The change of rotor speed, rotor angle and electrical power is investigated when power system is being perturbed by small disturbance. The results of this study shown the improvement of dynamic power system stability using the designed model by damping low-frequency oscillation with less overshoot and shorter settling time.

Comparison of solar panel cooling system by using dc brushless fan and dc water

The purpose of this article is to discuss comparison of solar panel cooling system by using DC brushless fan and DC water pump. Solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation is an interesting technique to reduce non-renewable energy consumption and as a renewable energy. The temperature of PV modules increases when it absorbs solar radiation, causing a decrease in efficiency. A solar cooling system is design, construct and experimentally researched within this work. To make an effort to cool the PV module, Direct Current (DC) brushless fan and DC water pump with inlet/outlet manifold are designed for constant air movement and water flow circulation at the back side and front side of PV module representatively. Temperature sensors were installed on the PV module to detect temperature of PV. PIC microcontroller was used to control the DC brushless fan and water pump for switch ON or OFF depend on the temperature of PV module automatically. The performance with and without cooling system are shown in this experiment. The PV module with DC water pump cooling system increase 3.52%, 36.27%, 38.98%in term of output voltage, output current, output power respectively. It decrease 6.36 °C compare than to PV module without DC water pump cooling system. While DC brushless fan cooling system increase 3.47%, 29.55%, 32.23%in term of output voltage, output current, and output power respectively. It decrease 6.1 °C compare than to PV module without DC brushless fan cooling system. The efficiency of PV module with cooling system was increasing compared to PV module without cooling system; this is because the ambient temperature dropped significantly. The higher efficiency of PV cell, the payback period of the system can be shorted and the lifespan of PV module can also be longer.

Maximum voltage angle optimization of uninterruptible power supply on three-level transformer-less photovoltaic inverter

This paper presents a new topology of three-level transformer-less photovoltaic (PV) inverter. In this topology, a 240V AC system is developed from a full bridge inverter circuit using PIC microcontroller (PIC16F628A-I/P) connected to an array of PV panel through a power factor correction circuit. The output waveform of the inverter depends on the type of pulse driver. The inverter is connected to the utility supply, on the clear day, the ac load is served by the inverter but on the cloudy day or night where solar irradiance is low, the inverter through its PIC microcontroller automatically changes from the usage of inverter to the utility supply. Objective of this paper is to optimize the maximum voltage angle to obtain the lowest current total harmonic distortion (CTHD) of the uninterruptible power supply (UPS) on the three-level single phase transformer-less inverter. In this paper, the maximum voltage angle optimization of the AC three-level waveform transformer-less PV inverter is developed and created by a microcontroller PIC16F627A-I/P changing maximum voltage angle of the AC three-level waveform from 20° to 180°. Resistive load of 30 W lamp and inductive load of 20 W water pump are applied to the transformer-less PV single phase inverter. The result shows that the lowest CTHD of 15.448% is obtained when the maximum voltage angle is 134°.

Optimum maximum voltage angle and current total harmonic distortion of uninterruptible power supply on three level single phase photovoltaic - Wind power hybrid inverter

This paper presents a new topology of optimum maximum voltage angle and current total harmonic distortion (CTHD) of uninterruptible power supply (UPS) on three level single phase photovoltaic (PV) - wind power hybrid inverter. It consists of four main circuits; they are a hybrid controller circuit, a charger circuit, a pulse driver and full bridge circuit. Its main energy sources are a PV array and wind power generation. In this research, a new technique to optimize the CTHD is by changing maximum voltage angle of the three level waveform that created by a microcontroller PIC16F627A-I/P and searched the lowest CTHD. This inverter is completed by stand by UPS, when the main power source fails, the battery can power the inverter and the microcontroller controls the UPS transfer switch. The result shows that for lamp load of 10 W, the lowest CTHD is obtained when the maximum voltage angle is 134°.

Parameter determination of 0.5 hp induction motor based on load factor test-a case study

The load can influence the efficiency of the induction motor. Even if the load has higher or less load factor, it can reduce the efficiency of an induction motor by several percentage. By knowing this, it is important that an induction motor be loaded with an appropriate or load factor of 100%. In this paper, the experiment is conducted to prove that efficiency decreases when the 0.5 hp induction motors is interfaced under low load factor condition and in this case a 65% load factor. The induction motor is interfaced with a DC generator and a variable resistance as load. In order to determined the efficiency and the mechanical output power of the induction motor, the voltage of the induction motor is varied from 0–415 volt and the appropriate data is taken. This is then analysis and several calculation formulas are used to determine the motors parameters. After that the losses are segregated and from this we can compare the efficiency values in which it shows low efficiency of 66.62% based on output/input method and 66.34% by using the losses formula. This proofs that at low load factor the efficiency of the induction motor reduces.