M. Kettner

Pharmacokinetics of Gentamicin Administered Intratracheally to Rats

The pharmacokinetics of intratracheally instilled and intravenously injected gentamicin were compared in the rat and analyzed by a one-compartment open model. The maximum concentration of gentamicin in plasma occurred within 10 min after intratracheal instillation. Considerable amounts of gentamicin were absorbed from lungs after intratracheal instillation, as shown by its concentrations in plasma and elimination in urine. The data suggest that the absorption of gentamicin from the pulmonary system would be sufficient to maintain therapeutic levels of this agent in plasma.

Kinetics of gentamicin accumulation in subcellular structures of the mouse kidney

Gentamicin adsorption to brush-border and basement membranes of the proximal tubule cells, followed by endocytosis and lysosomal sequestration, are considered to be the steps of the process of gentamicin accumulation in the kidney cortex (Just & Habermann 1977: Watanabe 1978; Kuhar et al 1979; Silverblatt & Kuehn 1979). Although electron microscope autoradiographic puctures indicate a very rapid transfer of gentamicin from the tubular lumen into the endocytic vesicules and lysosomes following administration of gentamicin (Just & Habermann 1977), the time dependence of gentamicin uptake into subcellular particles has not yet been described so far.

Radiation-induced changes in gentamicin pharmacokinetics

Decreased clearance of i.v. or intratracheally administered gentamicin was observed in rats following single whole-body irradiation, 6 Gy60Co, reaching its lowest rate on the 7th post-irradiation day. Simultaneously the absorption rate of gentamicin from the lungs was found to be increased.

Amikacin resistance: Transfers in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterobacteriaceae

Summary Amikacin, a new aminoglycoside derivative, is used in therapy of cases where causal agen(s) is (are) resistant to Gentamicin (GEN). Although the indications are primarily Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, amikacin (AMI) is frequently used to treat also infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae.