M. M. Asimov

Spectrum of the effect of laser radiation on hemoglobin of the blood vessels of skin

We suggested and consider the primary mechanism of biostimulation and of the therapeutic effect of low-level laser radiation caused by a local increase in the effectiveness of oxygen transfer by oxyhemoglobin of the blood vessels of skin. The spectra of the effect of laser radiation on oxyhemoglobin and hemoglobin of the blood vessels of skin are presented which were obtained using a method of numerical simulation with allowance for the optical characteristics of skin and for the depth of penetration into it of radiation of different wavelengths.

Laser-induced photodissociation of oxyhemoglobin: Optical method of elimination of hypoxia (oxygen deficiency in biotissue)

We consider the effect of laser-induced in vivo photodissociation of blood oxyhemoglobin on gas exchange in biological tissues. An optical method of laser-induced oxygenation of biotissues is developed and proposed. We show that, in the region of the action of the laser radiation, the degree of oxygenation of a tissue increases. We experimentally confirm that the phenomenon of laser-induced in vivo photodissociation of oxyhemoglobin opens up a new possibility of controlling the local concentration of free molecular oxygen in tissues, eliminating tissue hypoxia, and stimulating aerobic metabolism of cells. We show that the efficiency of the proposed method of laser-induced oxygenation of biotissues proves to be comparable with the efficiency of the hyperbaric oxygenation, but has the advantage of the locality of the action. The proposed optical method of local oxygenation of biotissues will make it possible to eliminate the problem of hypoxia in cancerous tumor tissue and to considerably increase the efficiency of photodynamic, radiation, and chemotherapy in modern oncology.

Laser-induced photodissociation of carboxyhemoglobin: An optical method for eliminating the toxic effect of carbon monoxide

We propose and examine an optical method for eliminating the toxic effect of carbon monoxide. The developed method is based on laser-induced photodissociation of carboxyhemoglobin in blood vessels and capillaries. By numerical simulation of the interaction of laser radiation with tissue, we calculate the spectra of the action of carboxyhemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin in cutaneous blood vessels. We show that, despite the sufficiently strong overlap of the action spectra of carboxyhemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin, the substantial difference in the quantum yield values makes it possible to develop an optical method for eliminating the toxic effect of carbon monoxide. We determine the criteria for the efficiency of laser-induced photodissociation of carboxyhemoglobin under direct action on lung alveoli through the skin tissue and intravenously.

Biophotonics of the interaction of low-intensity laser radiation with blood erythrocytes

We have studied experimentally how optical radiation affects the neutralization of the toxic action of heavy metals and harmful chemical compounds (ecotoxicants) on the oxygen-transport function of blood erythrocytes. It has been found that the optical radiation has a stabilizing effect and prevents lowering the erythrocyte concentration in the presence of phenol and heavy metals in blood. We have studied the neutralization efficiency of the toxic action of ecotoxicants in relation to the laser irradiation time. The obtained data on the effect of the laser radiation on the thermal denaturation of hemoglobin and erythrocytes yield the scientific substantiation to the development of the optical method for the use in medicine upon drawing and conserving donor blood. We have shown that the obtained data can be used in medicine for improving the reliability of conditions of conservation and storage of donor blood, as well as for preventing the toxic action of harmful chemical compounds in the environment.

The biomedical effect of laser-induced photodissociation of oxyhemoglobin in vivo

It is demonstrated that the photodissociation of oxyhemoglobin in cutaneous blood vessels and capillaries allows additional extraction of molecular oxygen, prevents hypoxia, and stimulates aerobic metabolism of cells. On the basis of the studied phenomena, a new optical technology of local oxygenation of tissue directly in the zone of laser irradiation has been developed. It is shown that the efficiency of the proposed method for laser-induced oxygenation of biotissues is comparable with the efficiency of hyperbaric oxygenation, with local action being an additional advantage. Various aspects of the applications of the new technology in modern medicine in which the elimination of local hypoxia is needed are discussed. The proposed optical method for local oxygenation of biotissues makes it possible to solve the hypoxia problem in malignant tissue and substantially increase the efficiency of photodynamic, radiation, and chemical therapy in modern oncology.

Laser optical method of visualizing cutaneous blood vessels and its applications in biometry and photomedicine

We propose and examine a new approach to visualizing a local network of cutaneous blood vessels using laser optical methods for applications in biometry and photomedicine. Various optical schemes of the formation of biometrical information on the architecture of blood vessels of skin tissue are analyzed. We developed an optical model of the interaction of the laser radiation with the biological tissue and a mathematical algorithm of processing of measurement results. We show that, in medicine, the visualization of blood vessels makes it possible to calculate and determine regions of disturbance of blood microcirculation and to control tissue hypoxia, as well as to maintain the local concentration of oxygen at a level necessary for the normal cellular metabolism. We propose noninvasive optical methods for modern photomedicine and biometry for diagnostics and elimination of tissue hypoxia and for personality identification and verification via the pattern of cutaneous blood vessels.