Mabel Gonçalves Almeida

Potenciais evocados auditivos de tronco encefálico por frequência específica e de estado estável na audiologia pediátrica: estudo de caso

Preconiza-se o diagnostico ate os tres meses de idade em criancas com deficiencia auditiva congenita. Apos a etapa inicial de confirmacao do diagnostico, e necessario que se obtenha limiares precisos nas diferentes frequencias, para que seja possivel uma adequada selecao, indicacao e regulagem de aparelhos de amplificacao sonora. Nesse contexto, inserem-se os Potenciais Evocados Auditivos de Tronco Encefalico por Frequencia Especifica (PEATE-FE) e, mais recentemente, os Potenciais Evocados Auditivos de Estado Estavel (PEAEE). O objetivo deste estudo de caso foi apresentar os achados das duas tecnicas para estimar os limiares auditivos em uma crianca de tres meses de idade, com perda auditiva neurossensorial bilateral, diagnosticada utilizando-se como primeiro metodo de avaliacao os Potenciais Evocados Auditivos de Tronco Encefalico com estimulo clique, tanto por via aerea como por via ossea. As duas tecnicas mostraram-se eficientes para estimar os limiares auditivos, com uma vantagem dos PEAEE com relacao ao tempo de duracao de exame.

CORRELAÇÃO DOS ACHADOS DO PEATE-FE E DA AVALIAÇÃO COMPORTAMENTAL EM CRIANÇAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA AUDITIVA

PURPOSE: analyze and correlate the findings of the frequency specific auditory brainstem response and behavioral assessment by air and bone conduction in children with sensorineural hearing loss or mixed hearing loss. METHOD: the sample was composed of ten children up to three years old, diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss. We conducted the FS-ABR in the frequencies of 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz and behavioral audiometry in the same frequencies, by air and bone conduction. The results of both procedures were correlated in order to verify if the FS-ABR is able to predict auditory status of children with hearing impairment. RESULTS: it was observed a strong correlation between the two procedures in the four frequencies studied by air conduction; for bone conduction, found a strong correlation was found in the frequencies of 0.5, 1 and 2 kHz and a moderate correlation at 4 kHz. CONCLUSION: FS-ABR estimated the hearing with strong accuracy when compared to behavioral audiometry. Thus, the application of FS-ABR enables the estimation of hearing status until they can be determined by behavioral hearing tests in the population studied.

Potenciais evocados auditivos por frequência específica em lactentes com audição normal

Purpose: to determine the ABR thresholds and the latency of V wave in hearing infants at the frequencies: 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz. Method: 23 infants with no risk factors concerning hearing loss that had transient otoacoustic emissions (TOAE) and automatic auditory brainstem response (A-ABR), bilaterally present, were evaluated. Results: ABR thresholds were obtained in average, namely: 34.2 dBHL, 25.4 dBHL, 19 dBHL and 17.5 dBHL for frequencies of 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz, respectively. The mean latency of V wave at 70 and 20 dBHL, respectively, at a 0.5 kHz frequency were 10.75 ms and 15.2 ms, 1 kHz 8.9 ms and 13.4 ms; 7.7 ms and 10.2 ms at 2 kHz, and as for4 kHz they were 7.3 ms and 9.4 ms. Conclusions: the found values can be used in clinical practice in order to guide the differential diagnosis of hearing loss, complementing the evaluation as for hearing infants.

Timpanometria com tons teste de 226 Hz e 1 kHz em um grupo de lactentes com indicadores de risco para deficiência auditiva

ABSTRACT Purpose: To analyze the results of 226 Hz and 1 kHz tympanometry in infants under six months of age, and to relate these results with age and with the results of Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions (TOAE). Methods: The sample consisted of 142 infants with risk indicators for hearing loss, who had passed the Automated Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential (A-BAEP). Subjects were submitted to 226 Hz and 1 kHz tympanometry and also to hearing screening with TOAE and A-BAEP. Infants were divided into age groups (0-90 days old and 91-180 days old), and into groups 1 and 2, according to the presence or absence of TOAE, respectively. The tympanometric curves were classified into types A, Flat, C, Double Peak (DP), Asymmetrical (ASS) and Inverted (I), and also as normal or altered. Results: It was analyzed 245 ears. Type A tympanograms were predominant in both probe tones and in both groups. When tympanometric curves were analyzed according to age, it was verified that type A presented higher occurrence, follo-wed by the type DP in infants younger than 90 days, and by the type Flat in infants older than 90 days. The 1 kHz tympanometry presented sensitivity of 74.01%, and specificity of 83.94%; the 226 Hz tympanometry presented sensitivity of 24.00% and specificity of 90.80%.

Maturação auditiva central e desenvolvimento do balbucio em crianças usuárias de implante coclear

Crianca” da Divisao de Educacao e Reabilitacao dos Dis-turbios da Comunicacao da Pontificia Universidade Cato-lica de Sao Paulo, CeAC/DERDIC/PUCSP, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil; Mestre em Fonoaudiologia pela Pontificia Universi-dade Catolica de Sao Paulo; Doutoranda do Programa de Estudos Pos-Graduados em Fonoaudiologia da Pontificia Universidade Catolica de Sao Paulo.

Triagem auditiva neonatal com emissão otoacústica transiente utilizando estímulo de banda estreita

ABSTRACT Purpose: to assess the sensitivity and specificity of an automated Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions equipment using narrow band stimulus. Methods: the hearing screening results of 300 newborns were analyzed. A portable automated equipment was used with narrow band stimulus to conduct the Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions. All newborns were also submitted to the Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials using 100μs-duration click stimuli, which was considered the gold standard test. Results: the proportion of “pass” results in the neonatal hearing screening was 90.7%. Considering the gold standard results, it was observed a false-positive rate of 9%. The Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions with narrow band stimulus presented sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 92%. Conclusion: the narrow band stimulus was efficient enough to be used in neonatal hearing screening programs. KEYWORDS: Infant, Newborn; Hearing Tests; Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Hearing Loss