Maiara De Queiroz Fischer

NutriDia Brasil: A atuação de um hospital de ensino nos anos de 2015 e 2016

Nutritional assessment allows the identification of possible changes in the nutritional status of individuals. The objective is to describe the nutritional status, aspects related to food consumption and clinical outcome of patients of the ward and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in a teaching hospital that is part of NutriDia Brasil in 2015 and 2016. A questionnaire of the Nutrition Day project was applied in 75 patients. In the ward, in 2015, 50% of the adults and elderly presented eutrophy; however, in 2016, 46,2% of the adults were overweight and 50% of the elderly were eutrophic and in both years most of them had orally feeding. In the ICU, in 2015, we found 66,7% of adults with obesity, and 40% of the elderly in leanness or eutrophy. In 2016, 50% of adults were eutrophic and 66,6% of the elderly were overweight. In the ICU in 2015, the predominant feeding route was oral and enteral, both with 50% and in 2016 the enteral route predominated. Regarding the clinical outcome, most of the patients in the ward had already been discharged after 30 days of Nutrition Day, and in the ICU, after 60 days of the research, other clinical outcomes prevailed in both years. It was concluded that the most prevalent nutritional status was eutrophic and overweight, as for the feeding route, the oral and enteral routes prevailed and in the ward, the most common clinical outcome was hospital discharge.

Vitamin C decreases the obesogenic and hyperglycemic effect of invert sugar in prediabetic rats

Objective: To evaluate whether vitamin C can help to prevent obesity and hyperglycemia in Wistar rats treated with excess invert sugar to induce prediabetes. Methods: One hundred-day-old Male Wistar rats with a mean weight of 336.58±23.43g were randomly assigned to the following groups: (1) control, receiving water (C); (2) invert sugar control, receiving a 32% watery solution of invert sugar; (3) vitamin C control, receiving a watery solution of vitamin C (60mg/L), and (4) vitamin C plus invert sugar, receiving a watery solution of vitamin C and invert sugar. All animals had access to chow and water ad libitum and were treated for 17 weeks. Prediabetes was assessed according to two criteria: obesity (based on body mass indexand peritoneal fat content) and impaired glucose tolerance (assessed by the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test and expressed as area under the curve) . Results: Group invert sugar control gained significantly more weight (p=0.035) and visceral fat (p<0.001) than groups vitamin C control and vitamin C plus invert sugar. Consequently, groups vitamin C control and vitamin C plus invert sugar had gained as little body mass index as group C by the end of the experiment. Vitamin C decreased the fasting glycemia of both groups supplemented with vitamin C and normalized the glucose tolerance of group vitamin C plus invert sugar, whose area under the curve matched that of group C. Conclusion: Vitamin C has anti-obesogenic and glycemia-lowering effects in Wistar rats, which might be promising to prediabetics. Future studies are needed to understand the anti-obesogenic and anti-hyperglycemic mechanisms of vitamin C in prediabetes.

Neuropsychomotor development and genomic stability associated to folate and blood iron levels in preschool children

Objectives: to evaluate the neuropsychomotor development and the genomic stability associated to folate and blood iron levels in preschool children. Methods: a cross-sectional study in which evaluated the biochemical exams (complete hemogram, serum ferritin, iron and folate), neuropsychomotor development (Denver II Test) and genotoxicity (micronuclei cytome in buccal mucosa cells) of 55 children aging 36-59 months old. Student ́s T test, Kruskal-Wallis and Pearson’s or Spearman’s correlation tests were applied with a significance level of p<0.05 for data analysis. Results: the prevalence of anemia was 1.8%. The Denver II test classified 32.7% of the children as normal and 67.3% were suspected of having a delay. The children suspected of having a delay presented a slight reduction on hemoglobin and hematocrit (p=0.05 and p=0.14), intermediate reduction on iron and folate (p=0.29 and p=0.23) and a notable reduction on ferritin (p=0.03). Folate and iron were significantly associated to the frequency of cells with DNA damages (p<0.05). The frequency of binucleated cells was positively associated to the Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) (r=0.56; p=0.02) in children without a delay and negatively with folate (r=-0.334; p=0.047) in children with a delay. Conclusions: this study showed a low prevalence of anemia, but a high rate of children suspected of having a neuropsychomotor, possibly associated to low ferritin levels. Additionally, iron and folate were associated to DNA damage which may have contributed to the psychomotor development delay.