Manfred Hülsken-Giesler

The Lower Saxony research network design of environments for ageing: towards interdisciplinary research on information and communication technologies in ageing societies

Worldwide, ageing societies are bringing challenges for independent living and healthcare. Health-enabling technologies for pervasive healthcare and sensor-enhanced health information systems offer new opportunities for care. In order to identify, implement and assess such new information and communication technologies (ICT) the ‘Lower Saxony Research Network Design of Environments for Ageing’ (GAL) has been launched in 2008 as interdisciplinary research project. In this publication, we inform about the goals and structure of GAL, including first outcomes, as well as to discuss the potentials and possible barriers of such highly interdisciplinary research projects in the field of health-enabling technologies for pervasive healthcare. Although GALs high interdisciplinarity at the beginning slowed down the speed of research progress, we can now work on problems, which can hardly be solved by one or few disciplines alone. Interdisciplinary research projects on ICT in ageing societies are needed and recommended.

Monitoring systems for the support of home care.

In this article, the design of a system for the ambient, unobtrusive and automatic monitoring of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) is described. In the context of the growing imbalance between (potentially young) caregivers and (most often older) people receiving care, technical monitoring systems may help to organise care more efficiently and to identify degrading abilities very early to trigger preventive measures. To improve the acceptance of the system described in this article, the selection process of the sensors to be integrated into the flat or to be worn by the older people has been steered by the results of focus group interviews with older people, their relatives and professional caregivers. The interviews revealed that these people would in general accept such systems, but security, mobility and communication aspects have to be clearly and appropriately addressed. In an experimental study the recognition rate of the activity ‘preparation and intake of food or beverages’ has been measured with two age groups (6 subjects, age between 25 and 40/mean 30 years and 5 subjects, age between 72 and 84/mean 75.3 years). The food preparation was detected with a sensitivity of 74.7% and a specificity of 84.2% using a vision sensor.

Information and communication technologies for promoting and sustaining quality of life, health and self-sufficiency in ageing societies – outcomes of the Lower Saxony Research Network Design of Environments for Ageing (GAL)

Many societies across the world are confronted with demographic changes, usually related to increased life expectancy and, often, relatively low birth rates. Information and communication technologies (ICT) may contribute to adequately support senior citizens in aging societies with respect to quality of life and quality and efficiency of health care processes. For investigating and for providing answers on whether new information and communication technologies can contribute to keeping, or even improving quality of life, health and self-sufficiency in ageing societies through new ways of living and new forms of care, the Lower Saxony Research Network Design of Environments for Ageing (GAL) had been established as a five years research project, running from 2008 to 2013. Ambient-assisted living (AAL) technologies in personal and home environments were especially important. In this article we report on the GAL project, and present some of its major outcomes after five years of research. We report on major challenges and lessons learned in running and organizing such a large, inter- and multidisciplinary project and discuss GAL in the context of related research projects. With respect to research outcomes, we have, for example, learned new knowledge about multimodal and speech-based human–machine-interaction mechanisms for persons with functional restrictions, and identified new methods and developed new algorithms for identifying activities of daily life and detecting acute events, particularly falls. A total of 79 apartments of senior citizens had been equipped with specific “GAL technology”, providing new insights into the use of sensor data for smart homes. Major challenges we had to face were to deal constructively with GAL’s highly inter- and multidisciplinary aspects, with respect to research into GAL’s application scenarios, shifting from theory and lab experimentation to field tests, and the complexity of organizing and, in our view, successfully managing such a large project. Overall it can be stated that, from our point of view, the GAL research network has been run successfully and has achieved its major research objectives. Since we now know much more on how and where to use AAL technologies for new environments of living and new forms of care, a future focus for research can now be outlined for systematically planned studies, scientifically exploring the benefits of AAL technologies for senior citizens, in particular with respect to quality of life and the quality and efficiency of health care.

Working with a domestic assessment system to estimate the need of support and care of elderly and disabled persons: results from field studies

This article describes the results of field studies performed over a period between five months and 24 months. The objectives of these studies were to collect long-term real-life data to evaluate how these data can be mapped to items on standardized assessment tests and which presentation method is most suitable to inform caregivers about critical situations and changes in health or care needs. A Home-monitoring system which uses modern sensor technologies was developed for and used in these field studies. It was installed in living environments of seven people (three who were not in need of care, two in need of care, and two with mental disabilities). The data were generated by sensor data acquisition and questionnaire reporting. Four types of data analysis and representation were evaluated to support caregivers. Results show that sensor data can be used to determine information directly or indirectly, which can be mapped to relevant assessment items and presented with different degrees of granularity. It is also feasible to determine and present additional information of potential interest which cannot be directly mapped to any assessment item. Sensor data can also be displayed in a live view. This live data representation led to a decrease in the caregivers’ workload when assessed according to the German version of the Perceived Stress Questionnaire.

Pflege und Technik – Annäherung an ein spannungsreiches Verhältnis Zum gegenwärtigen Stand der internationalen Diskussion – 1. Teil

Professionelle Pflege sieht sich im Zuge grundlegender gesellschaftlicher Veranderungen und darauf reagierender stetiger Reformprozesse im Bereich der Gesundheitsversorgung vor grose Herausforderun...

Mobile Learning in der Pflegebildung

Mobile Learning gewinnt auch im Kontext der personenbezogenen Dienstleistung Pflege an Bedeutung. International finden sich unterschiedliche Formate von Mobile Learning fur verschiedene Zielgruppen in der Pflege. Der Beitrag fragt nach dem aktuellen Entwicklungsstand sowie den Herausforderungen von Mobile Learning im Kontext der beruflichen Pflege und weiteren Gesundheitsfachberufen, ordnet diese in den aktuellen Stand der Diskussion im Bereich der Pflegewissenschaft ein und stellt am Beispiel des BMBF-Projekts „Game Based Learning in Nursing“ (GaBa_LEARN) mogliche Entwicklungslinien von Mobile Learning in der Pflege vor. Die Fragestellung wurde im Rahmen einer systematischen Literaturrecherche in den Datenbanken Cinahl, Pubmed und ScieneDirect sowie einer erweiterten Handsuche bearbeitet. Die Literaturanalyse folgte dem Ansatz des integrativen Reviews. Anhand der gewahlten Ein- und Ausschlusskriterien wurden 41 einschlagige Publikationen identifiziert und analysiert. Der einschlagige Diskurs verhandelt demnach vorzugsweise Fragen der Rahmenbedingungen, der Anwendungsbereiche, der Evaluationsergebnisse sowie der Moglichkeiten und Begrenzungen von Mobile Learning in der Pflegebildung. International fokussiert Mobile Learning in Pflege und Gesundheit vorzugsweise auf die situative Bereitstellung von funktionalem Fachwissen. Verbesserungen ergeben sich damit in Bezug auf die fachliche Begrundung des beruflichen Handelns sowie in Bezug auf das Selbstbewusstsein der Akteure. Die bisherige Entwicklung vernachlassigt dabei allerdings die Befahigung der beruflichen Akteure, explizites Begrundungswissen situationsgerecht und einzelfallorientiert zur Anwendung zu bringen. Ansatze aus dem Bereich Serious Games stellen hier erweiterte Moglichkeiten zur Ausbildung eines professionellen Handelns bereit.

Game Based Learning in Nursing – didaktische und technische Perspektiven zum Lernen in authentischen, digitalen Fallsimulationen

Digitalisierungsprozesse erhalten derzeit in allen Handlungsfeldern der beruflichen Pflege zunehmende Bedeutung. Nachdem sich die computergestutzte Pflegeplanung und -dokumentation im stationaren wie im ambulanten Bereich der Pflege fortschreitend durchsetzt, werden derzeit Assistive Technologien zur Unterstutzung von Hilfeempfangern und informellen wie professionellen Helfern in die Pflege getragen, die die unmittelbare Pflegearbeit etwa in Bezug auf Sicherheit, Mobilitat oder soziale Interaktion adressieren. Im Bereich der Pflegebildung verweist der technische Fortschritt auf neue Moglichkeiten, komplexe Lernprozesse uber eine digitale Aneignung von moglichst realitatsnahen Szenarien aus der beruflichen Pflegepraxis anzustosen. Dieser Beitrag beschaftigt sich mit den methodisch-didaktischen Potenzialen digitaler Medien zur praxisnahen und lebensweltlich anschlussfahigen Entwicklung pflegespezifischer Kompetenzen bei jungen Auszubildenden in der Pflege. In diesem Zusammenhang werden Moglichkeiten, Herausforderungen und Begrenzungen des Einsatzes von Serious Games in der Pflege diskutiert. Es wird gezeigt, inwiefern es mit Hilfe von authentischen digitalen Simulationen in Serious Games gelingen kann, Lernende mit komplexen, mehrdimensionalen Pflegesituationen zu konfrontieren, sie handlungsdruckentlastet zur Erprobung und Einubung verschiedener Handlungs- und Problemlosungsmuster zu motivieren und dabei die Entwicklung von pflegerelevanten Kompetenzen, etwa einer situativ variablen Urteilsbildung zu fordern. Damit werden erste pflegedidaktische Legitimationen fur einen bildungshaltigen Einsatz von Serious Games in der Pflegebildung vorgelegt und Moglichkeiten fur eine technische Umsetzung in multivarianten Spieldesigns diskutiert. Im Mittelpunkt steht die Frage, wie padagogische Zieldimensionen der professionsbezogenen Kompetenzaneignung mit methodischen Elementen eines digitalen Lernens verbunden werden konnen, die Motivation, Neugier und Lust am Spiel in den Mittelpunkt stellen.

Critical Approaches in Nursing Theory and Nursing Research: Implications for Nursing Practice

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Pflegerische Versorgungsanforderungen im Alter – Welche Qualifikationen und Kompetenzen sind notwendig?

In a society characterized by the need for increasing care for persons of an advanced age it is inevitable that health care systems are re-patterned. Care personnel are faced with the need for tackling many more old-age diseases than before requiring prevention, treatment and rehabilitation. This involves more far-reaching measures than used to be the case, covering health care and disease prevention as well, making greater demands than ever on the skill, qualifications and efforts of the involved staff.