Manuel Gómez-López

Dispositional Goal Orientation, Beliefs about the Causes of Success and Intrinsic Satisfaction in Young Elite Paddlers

Dispositional Goal Orientation, Beliefs about the Causes of Success and Intrinsic Satisfaction in Young Elite Paddlers The purpose of this study was to primarily examine the psychometric properties of the castillan version of three commonly used psychological scales in sport (Perception of Success Questionnaire, Beliefs About the Causes of Sport Success Questionnaire and the Sport Satisfaction Instrument); secondly, to verify the degree of intrinsic satisfaction in a sample of young Spanish paddlers. The participants of this study were 209 elite paddlers classed in the junior category (13-14 years old). Results show that the Castilian versions of the questionnaires demonstrate acceptable validity and reliability in a sample of young paddlers. Athletes report high scores on perception of success oriented task scale, which is positively related with enjoyment and the attribution that success in sport depends on effort. This study also confirmed gender differences in questionnaire responses.

Evaluación de las diferencias en la motivación de estudiantes de educación física en secundaria, según las estrategias del profesor para mantener la disciplina

The aim of the study was to detect the motivational profiles of high school students of Physical Education (PE) according to the teachers discipline strategies and to analyze the relationships between the clusters and the motivational atmosphere, goal guidelines and satisfaction with lessons. A sample of 2002 students (970 male students and 1032 female students) was used. The instruments used were the Spanish versions of the scales: Strategies to Sustain Discipline Scale, Learning and Performance Orientations in Physical Education Classes Questionnaire, Perception of Success Questionnaire and Sport Satisfaction Instrument. A cluster analysis was applied revealing three motivational profiles, one of them with emphasis on self-determined strategies to maintain discipline in class and the other two profiles with emphasis on non-self- determined-strategies. Profiles were determined according to the number of hours of exercise practiced in a week. The self-determined strategies cluster consists mainly of women, and the non- self-determined clusters were composed of men. In the self-determined strategies cluster, we can find the largest number of students who practice two or more hours of physical exercise per week in their free time. To improve the classroom environment and reduce indiscipline behaviors, the teacher should use discipline strategies founded on intrinsic reasons for concern and responsibility.

Importance of the Motivational Climate in Goal, Enjoyment, and the Causes of Success in Handball Players

The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of the motivational climate created by the coach and perceived by a group of young handball players on their goal orientations, their beliefs regarding reasons for success and their self-satisfaction. The study participants were 159 young handball players. Players were administered a battery composed of tests to measure the above-mentioned motivational constructs. Results showed that a perceived mastery-oriented motivational climate was positively related to a task-centered goal orientation, enjoyment, and a belief that success may be achieved through effort. In contrast, a perceived performance-orientated training climate was linked to an ego-centered goal orientation, boredom, or lack of enthusiasm, and a belief that the routes of success in this sport are the abilities and the use of deception techniques. On the whole, this study underlines the educational role of the coach in young handball players. Specifically, the coach’s socializing role influences both handball player’s commitment and positive motivational profile as well as sport performance.

Estudio psicométrico y predicción de la importancia de la educación física a partir de las orientaciones de meta ("Perception of Success Questionnaire - POSQ")

The present research has two main goals: (a) to analyze psychometric properties of the Perception of Success Questionnaire (POSQ) adapted to Physical Education (PE), and (b) to analyze the prediction of importance and usefulness granted to PE from goal orientations, perceived competence and student satisfaction. The questionnaire consisted of the following instruments: POSQ, Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale, Satisfaction with PE and the Importance of PE. They were administered to 846 Spanish high school students aged 12 to 19 years. POSQ structure was analyzed by confirmatory procedures and it showed reliable internal consistency and a stable factor structure which supports the hypothesized theoretical model: ego and task orientation. Thus, it is considered a valid instrument to measure dispositional goal orientation in PE. For predicting the importance of PE from goal orientations, competence and satisfaction, it was used a structural equation model which confirmed that task orientation is the most influential on perceived competence, and the latter in satisfaction/fun. Fact that predicts the students consider the subject more important and useful.

Goal Orientation in Lifesaving Athletes

Method: Participants were 136 specialists swimmers in Rescue and Lifesaving, from youth (from 15 to 16 years) to junior (from 17 to 18 years) category. The Perception of Success Questionnaire (POSQ) was used to ask the objective of this research; also an internal consistency analysis of the instrument and a descriptive analysis of all variables were performed. A t-test for independent samples was used to confirm differences between groups.

The goal orientation of the lifesavers and the relationship with the satisfaction and the beliefs about the causes of success in sport. (Las orientaciones de meta disposicionales y su relación con las creencias sobre las causas del éxito y la satisfacción intrínseca en los practicantes de salvamento acuático deportivo).

espanolEl proposito del estudio fue doble: por un lado, analizar las relaciones existentes entre la orientacion disposicional de las metas de logro, las creencias sobre las causas del exito y el grado de satisfaccion intrinseca; y, por otro, constatar los efectos principales y de interaccion del sexo sobre dichas escalas. La muestra la formaron 163 especialistas en salvamento acuatico deportivo. Se realizo un analisis descriptivo de las diferentes variables investigadas, un analisis multivariante de la varianza y un analisis de regresion lineal multivariado por pasos con la intencion de analizar la importancia de las diferentes subescalas en la prediccion de un comportamiento determinado de los especialistas. Los resultados muestran que la mayoria de los especialistas revelan una orientacion hacia la tarea, se divierten con la practica deportiva y piensan que a traves del esfuerzo se alcanza el exito en el deporte EnglishThe purpose of this study is two-fold: first, to analyse the relationship between the existing orientation of achievement goals, beliefs about the causes of success, and the degree of intrinsic satisfaction; and second, to verify the main effects of gender interaction in such scales. The sample was composed of 163 professional lifeguards. A descriptive analysis of the multiple variables that were studied was done, as well as a multivariate analysis of variance. A multivariate linear regression by steps was done with the intention of analysing the importance of the various subscales in the prediction of a specific behaviour of professional lifeguards. The majority of the specialists demonstrated a task orientation and enjoyed practicing sports. They believe that with effort, success can be reached in sports

Influencia del nivel técnico en deporte de orientación en el éxito en raids de aventura Effect of technical knowledge of the sport of orienteering on success in adventure races

The purpose was to understand the effect of technical knowledge of orienteering on adventure racing. The sample was composed of 272 elite competitors from the Spanish Adventure Racing League, using a previously validated self-administered questionnaire as the instrument. We can state that 50.4% of the adventure racers are enthusiastic amateur sportspersons. The registered competitors practise the sport of orienteering in 93.1% of cases, and it is demonstrated that the orienteering practice variable strongly affects the type of adventure racer. It should be pointed out that 100% of international champions take part in orienteering compared to 91.7% of national champions.