Marcel·la Castells Sanabra

Manoeuvring and hotelling external costs: enough for alternative energy sources?

Local air pollution is the most relevant externality of maritime transport, and its effects are more acute in urban areas as a result of manoeuvring, hotelling and load/unload activities at ports. This article is intended to assess ships’ local air pollution impact in generally densely populated harbour areas to decide whether alternative power supply measures are feasible. First, an optimized infrastructure investment model is developed to ease implementation and maximize the efficiency of alternative power supply projects. Once target harbours and traffic (ship types) within a national port network have been chosen, a vessel traffic analysis (ship type, tonnage, manoeuvring, and hotelling times) is carried out to quantify and evaluate annual polluting emissions (PM2,5, SO2, NOx, and VOCs) and their externalities. Finally, the assessment model is applied and results of the Spanish port network case study are discussed. The results obtained are significant and bring the possibility of further controlling the ship’s environmental performance at berth.

A Proposal to Modernize and Harmonize Maritime Curricula in Montenegro and Albania

The objective of this study was to determine whether the use of the electromagnetic field (EMF) of 50 Hz frequency and magnetic induction of 0.25 T could make for successful inactivation of a phytoplankton species, namely, marine microalgae Tetraselmis suecica and two bacteria strains ; Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. A number of laboratory electromagnetic field tolerance experiments with the selected organisms was performed ; each microorganism was treated for various lengths of time ; 1, 5 and 10 minutes, and in three various media with special regards to the conductivity. Bacteria were exposed to high, moderate and extremely low conductivity media, and the microalgae to high, low and extremely low conductivity media. The microbial viability was checked by counting the bacterial colony forming units, as well as alive and dead stained microalgae cells. It was found that the time of exposure to the EMF had a profound effect on the viability of T. suecica only in the extremely low conductivity media, and that it did not affect the viability of E. coli or E. faecalis at all.The objective of this study was to determine whether the use of the electromagnetic field (EMF) of 50 Hz frequency and magnetic induction of 0.25 T could make for successful inactivation of a phytoplankton species, namely, marine microalgae Tetraselmis suecica and two bacteria strains ; Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. A number of laboratory electromagnetic field tolerance experiments with the selected organisms was performed ; each microorganism was treated for various lengths of time ; 1, 5 and 10 minutes, and in three various media with special regards to the conductivity. Bacteria were exposed to high, moderate and extremely low conductivity media, and the microalgae to high, low and extremely low conductivity media. The microbial viability was checked by counting the bacterial colony forming units, as well as alive and dead stained microalgae cells. It was found that the time of exposure to the EMF had a profound effect on the viability of T. suecica only in the extremely low conductivity media, and that it did not affect the viability of E. coli or E. faecalis at all.

The Prevailing Weather and Traffic Conditions in the Evaluation of a Future ECA in the Mediterranean Sea. A view into the Western Mediterranean

Appendix III of MARPOL ́s Annex VI sets out the criteria and procedures for designating an emission control area (ECA).These criteria includes: a clear delineation of the proposed ECA; types of emissions proposed for control, land and sea areas at risk; emission quantification and impact assessment; prevailing weather conditions; data and quality on marine traffic; land based measures concurrent with the ECA adoption and the relative costs of reducing emissions from ships. This paper analyses the climate parameter together with traffic conditions: prevailing weather conditions as a parameter to be kept in mind for the adoption of a future ECA in the Mediterranean Sea. Preliminary results would show how marine emissions coming from existing traffic will impact the sea and land ecology in the Mediterranean area. http://www.transnav.eu the International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation Volume 8