Márcia de Oliveira Teixeira

The trajectory of the national policy for the reorientation of professional training in health in the Unified Health System (SUS)

This paper examines the national policy and its antecedents for reorientation of professional health training implemented after 2003. It highlights landmarks and transformations in the course of policies between 1980 and 2010, elements of continuity and change and the connections between past and current policy initiatives. The study involved a review of the literature on the subject and document analysis supported by theoretical analysis of public policies, particularly historical institutionalism. The results point to four different moments during the trajectory of the policy, marked by changes in the initiatives of reorientation of higher education in health: antecedents; initial experiences; university protagonism; broadening and enhancement. As an element of continuity, there is the permanence of objects in the guiding principles advocated in the policies. The evidence of implementation expresses prospects of enhancement, with diversification of mobilized actors and organizations, and more projects implemented. The accumulated experience suggests structural maturity of the structural bases of action and the main changes relate to the enhancement of decision-making bodies of the SUS and the approximation to the process of decentralization and regionalization of national health policy.

A trajetória da política nacional de reorientação da formação profissional em saúde no SUS

Este artigo analisa a politica nacional de reorientacao da formacao profissional em saude, desenvolvida a partir de 2003, e seus antecedentes. Destaca marcos e transformacoes no percurso temporal da politica de 1980 a 2010, elementos de continuidade e mudancas e conexoes existentes entre iniciativas anteriores e a politica atual. O estudo envolveu revisao de literatura sobre o tema e analise documental apoiados no referencial teorico de analise das politicas publicas, em especial o institucionalismo historico. Os resultados apontam quatro distintos momentos da trajetoria da politica, demarcados por inflexoes nas iniciativas de reorientacao da formacao superior em saude: antecedentes; experiencias iniciais; protagonismo universitario; ampliacao e aprimoramento. Como elemento de continuidade, nota-se permanencia dos eixos norteadores nos objetos preconizados nas politicas. As evidencias de implementacao expressam perspectiva de ampliacao, com diversificacao dos atores e organizacoes mobilizados, e mais projetos implantados. A experiencia acumulada sugere amadurecimento das bases estruturantes das acoes e as principais mudancas referem-se a valorizacao das instâncias decisorias do SUS e a aproximacao com o processo de descentralizacao e regionalizacao da politica nacional de saude.

A regulação do uso de animais no Brasil do século XX e o processo de formação do atual regime aplicado à pesquisa biomédica

The article analyzes Brazilian public policy and legislation concerning the use of animals in teaching and biomedical research. It examines the institutional and judicial framework and legal status of animal protection in Brazil, including the legislative debate that preceded enactment of Law 11.794/2008, which defined procedures to be employed in the scientific use of animals. It underscores certain features of current regulatory practice and also explores considerations of a theoretical and methodological nature, with a view to broadening our understanding of the question.

Descrição e análise do uso de um instrumento de coordenação em um instituto público de pesquisa em biomedicina

The purpose of this article is to describe and analyze the dynamics of cooperative public health research networks, and their utilization as the principal coordination instrument for a technological development program in a public health research institution. It begins with a few methodological considerations in regard to carrying out surveys and systemizing and analyzing data. Next a brief conceptual explanation of cooperative networks is made along with the characteristics of the program. Then the cooperative networks are described and analyzed, observing the relationships between the various actors that dynamize the program, the presence of IT and communications tools, and the sharing of the techno-scientific base among the projects of cooperative networks. The article concludes by interlacing some considerations about the local appropriation of a conceptual techno-scientific organizational model - the cooperative networks. The creation of a data bank of empirical data, and of local concepts and categories for analyses are considered to be decisive factors for increasing the knowledge acquired through sociology and anthropology about research best practices and administration of biomedical research.

Organizações Sociais e Fundações Estatais de Direito Privado no Sistema Único de Saúde: relação entre o público e o privado e mecanismos de controle social

Objetivou-se caracterizar, no âmbito nacional, os modelos de governanca das Organizacoes Socais e das Fundacoes Estatais de Direito Privado, pressupondo-se que as regras interferem no funcionamento das instituicoes e na atuacao dos atores, com base no referencial analitico do neoinstitucionalismo historico. Foram caracterizadas especificamente a relacao entre o publico e o privado e aos mecanismos de controle social, a partir dos marcos legais existentes. A analise evidencia diferencas importantes entre os modelos, especialmente quanto ao alinhamento aos principios do Sistema Unico de Saude. De diferentes formas, os dois modelos sao permeaveis ao setor privado e pouco abertos a participacao social.

A bula de medicamentos e a regulação de suas configurações em termos de forma e conteúdo no Brasil

A bula e um documento tecnico – cientifico, direcionado a profissionais da saude e pacientes, que acompanha o medicamento para informar sua composicao, caracteristicas e uso. Considerando a importância e complexidade dessas informacoes tecnico-cientificas, houve transformacoes na regulacao de seu conteudo e de seus elementos representativos. Questiona-se, contudo, quais as representacoes que a informacao tecnico-cientifica assumiu em relacao a compreensao de seus usuarios. Com o objetivo de conhecer e analisar as diversas configuracoes contemporâneas que a bula de medicamento tem sofrido sob influencia dos marcos regulatorios ao longo do tempo, evidenciaram-se as representacoes que a informacao tecnico-cientifica da bula de medicamento vem assumindo para compreensao de seus usuarios. Para tanto, realizou-se este estudo qualitativo centrado em levantamento, identificacao, sistematizacao e analise comparativa dos instrumentos juridicos que compoem o marco regulatorio nacional dessas bulas. Os resultados demonstram que sua regulacao possui um arcabouco legal historico, que vem se desenvolvendo ha sete decadas, juntamente com a criacao de orgaos de fiscalizacao em saude e em vigilância sanitaria. E possivel notar que o desenvolvimento do processo regulatorio das bulas de medicamento, apesar de ocorrer entre longos espacos de tempo, a partir da criacao da Agencia Nacional de Vigilância Sanitaria (1999) e das consultas publicas, comecou a ser realizado com um pouco mais de frequencia. Assim, nos ultimos dez anos, a regulacao da bula de medicamento passou a ser mais especifica, principalmente quanto aos aspectos de forma e conteudo.

O trabalho e a pesquisa em saúde: notas sobre a invisibilidade do trabalho técnico

Nas ultimas decadas a investigacao das diferentes formas de trabalho em saude tornou-se uma destacada tematica do campo da pesquisa social (em saude). Este adensamento, em parte, relaciona-se com as propostas de reorganizacao dos servicos de saude, com o surgimento de novas profissoes e com a identificacao de alteracoes significativas no conteudo do trabalho em saude. Muitos apontam correlacoes entre essas alteracoes e a aceleracao do processo de incorporacao de tecnologias nos servicos de saude, estabelecendo, assim, aproximacoes com o campo tematico da ciencia e da tecnologia em saude. Em detrimento dessas aproximacoes, poucos estudos exploraram as possiveis interfaces entre a dinâmica do trabalho em saude e a da pesquisa e desenvolvimento tecnologico. Nesse sentido, para efeito de analise social, os tecnicos e os pesquisadores nao figuram, usualmente, entre os trabalhadores da saude. Partindo da descricao do trabalho realizado por uma tecnica, discuto, neste texto, a invisibilidade do trabalho tecnico em laboratorios de pesquisa em saude. O intuito e explorar as relacoes entre as formas assumidas pela invisibilidade e as alteracoes no modo de organizacao do trabalho em um espaco determinado.

O uso de ferramentas de TI e a pesquisa colaborativa em saúde: análise de uma experiência local

O presente trabalho pretende averiguar como a televisao regional, na cidade de Itabuna, no sul da Bahia, aborda temas relativos as questoes ambientais. E feito um estudo de caso com o programa jornalistico tematico ´Encontro Com´, averiguando como os termos tecnico- ambientais se encontram no discurso televisivo. Os procedimentos metodologicos voltar-se-ao para uma analise quantitativa dos termos e do metodo de analise de materiais audiovisuais. Serao discutidos aspectos qualitativos a partir do discurso das materias e dos entrevistados para identificar o nivel de entendimento passado e a intencao educativa voltada para o conhecimento do publico sobre o meio ambiente.The Non Governmental Organizations are animportant source of information for the massmedia on diverse topics of social scope wherethe official speech can turn out to be cold andinsufficient. In order to interact with the massmedia, the ONG resort to a series of strategiesin order to obtain from the sensibility of the populationup to the rational knowledge of the realitiesof the countries in routes of development.In Spain the ONG that they work with immigrantsthey are a clear example of the evolution andconsolidation of these as alternative source.The growth of the immigration, of 2,3 % of thespanish population in 2000 to 9,3 % in 2006,has propitiated this evolutionWe intend in this text the reevaluationof the social responsibility concept, mainlywhen it is appropriate for the journalisticand medias entertainment companies,in the means of the problem of the medium’sconcentration, strengthen of entertainmentand of the freedom of “company”against the liberty of speech. Theresult is a journalistic covering of crimeand violence facts where what “it intereststhe public” it is not distinguished fromwhat is of “public interest” in fact.This arti cle aims to present Weber’s sociological theory in acti onin individuals contextualizing the journalisti c facts refl ected in thedisaster in Haiti . The clipping of the study was the use of the web,represented by Twitt er, social mobilizati on and functi on of conveyinginformati on to individuals. It is known that social networks havebecome major centers of informati on and are driving new humanbehaviors. In disasters such as that in Haiti , the Internet contributesto the global mobilizati on, which in previous years was representedin lower parti cipati on compared to traditi onal media like radio andtelevision. Used as carry-theoreti cal social studies of Max Weber, theanalysis of companies held by Pierre Bourdieu and author J.B. Pinho,introducing the web in the studies of journalism.The history of the press in Mexico has as objectives recover, reconstruct and interpret the way in which the journalism was executed in a specific period of time. But this history recovered only the masculine presence. The gender studies had allowed making visible the women and feminine journalists in diverse historical periods, the periodistical gender they practiced and the topics they worried about. That is how it can be affirmed that their journalism was characterized, in firsts terms, for exposing experiences out of the intimacy and interpret their own feminine condition. Subsequently, for inform about diverse situations considered news, also considered not important but relevant since end of the nineteenth century. Finally, the main objective of this article is apply gender category to journalism history.Este trabalho e parte de uma pesquisa mais extensa que tem por objetivo contribuir para uma melhor compreensao do papel que a presenca da diversidade e da diferenca nas producoes midiaticas pode trazer para os processos de enriquecimento cultural e de democratizacao das relacoes sociais. Parte-se do principio que nas sociedades contemporâneas, em que a logica do espetaculo se estende para a esfera das relacoes sociais, a visibilidade midiatica implica alguma forma de reconhecimento e de legitimacao das diversidades.The related principle of politics to news settlesthey infer in the use of the technique, thestructure and the process as systems that pickus, transmit, convey and observe a sequenceof conducts in the individual. These are waysto talk politics and to transmit it according toits individual or collective action and its turnit gives rises to spectacular behaviours. Thefreedom of Media is in the construction of thenear information by code paradigms adaptedto the human comprehensiveness throughemotional metacognitive process and adducingindifference, according to its experiences andsinequismosAbstractThis paper is based on the theoretical reference of cultural studies, the theory of social representations and the feminist criticism, to analyze, under the perspective of gender studies, Mandrake TV series, aired on HBO in Brazil, from 2005 to 2007, with a repeat in 2010. It investigates the meanings assigned to male and female bodies that conform gender identities. The analysis considered elements of the audiovisual grammar, such as frameworks, point of view, camera movement and character building. It was revealed the existence of a patriarchal look, reinforcing gender stereotypes and stigmas attached to the desire and consumption of female and male bodies.The arti cle discusses the soap opera consumpti on as a cultural productby men. Therefore, the cultural components with infl uence onthe male and female identi ty are approached. It is observed howthese aspects can act on the soap opera consumpti on by men fromlower social class who have the non-subscribed TV as a main information and entertainment source. The fi eld research was conductedby applying a questi onnaire. It is concluded that among the 10 interviewees,only one did not have the habit of watching soap operas. Allthe other parti cipants were att racted by the soap opera script.It is a question of provide elements for aninvestigation of contemporary long distanceconversation, specially the computer mediated one. To achieve our purpose, we focus initially on the conversation practice as a whole,inserting this into a wider social context of progressive destruction of distinctions between public and private spheres. Then, we recuperate some of Gabriel Tarde´s keensighted observations concerning conversation: its particularities, some of its historical issuesand, refering to our specific object, its intricate relations to sociability and communication devices. Finally, based on what was outlined, we indicate some implications of virtual technologies´ advent on contemporary conversation practicesOne objective of this work has been to address the chronic American classic comparatively with registration and identify meaning displacements around representations of popular sectors, regarding the treatment traditionally hegemonic journalism grants. The chronicles that constitute our corpus of particular interest because stories relate actual track closest thing to literary journalism, in which the subjectivity of the speaker-writer-narrator through the descriptions and events or enter other subjectivities, by choosing from multiple viewpoints. Objectivity strategies give way to making techniques fictionalization subjectivity emerge even in the use of the third person. This process causes a disruption fictionalization collective belief in mobilizing new looks that far from legitimizing the collective imaginary, establishing interpretive tensions. Is chosen, then the body deal with the methodology selected chronic discourse analysis, especially narratology instruments. For this, a theoretical framework has been instrumental from which the analysis was performed in which the contributions are articulated Schaeffer (1999), Metz (1972), Eco (1996, Genette (1972) and Ricoeur (1978), among others.This paper focuses on the problem ofracial profiling practices employed by po-lice forces in Brazil and in England. In re-cent years, this very controversial methodresulted in the death of two innocent Bra-zilian victims: Jean Charles de Menezesand Flavio Ferreira Sant’Ana. Becauseboth events were the subject of intensemedia coverage in Brazil, comparativemedia analysis may provide valuable in-sight into the question of how crimes de-riving from racist procedures call for spe-cific media strategies. My main argumentis that these two events – and the corre-sponding Brazilian public reactions theyproduced in Brazil and elsewhere – giveexpression to: 1) the problem of uncertaintyinherent in any racial profiling system,especially in multicultural settings;2) the contrastive Brazilian popular reac-tions and claims for justice in the casesabove.Under the context of mediated society, arising with the newtechnologies of communica on and informa on, the paper aimsto ques on the concept of eld of the media constructed by odrigues(1990) which sees the media even as a linear subsystemand representa onal. The ques ons occur from a current demandwhich shows the a ec on between tradi onal media (radio, TV andprint) and the possibili es of the nternet that can cause changesto outline new prospects for studies of the area of communica on.One objective of this work has been to address the chronic American classic comparatively with registration and identify meaning displacements around representations of popular sectors, regarding the treatment traditionally hegemonic journalism grants. The chronicles that constitute our corpus of particular interest because stories relate actual track closest thing to literary journalism, in which the subjectivity of the speaker-writer-narrator through the descriptions and events or enter other subjectivities, by choosing from multiple viewpoints. Objectivity strategies give way to making techniques fictionalization subjectivity emerge even in the use of the third person. This process causes a disruption fictionalization collective belief in mobilizing new looks that far from legitimizing the collective imaginary, establishing interpretive tensions. Is chosen, then the body deal with the methodology selected chronic discourse analysis, especially narratology instruments. For this, a theoretical framework has been instrumental from which the analysis was performed in which the contributions are articulated Schaeffer (1999), Metz (1972), Eco (1996, Genette (1972) and Ricoeur (1978), among others.The Ambiental Protection Area of Lagoon Enchanted, located in Ilheus city, in the state of Bahia, has a population superior of 23 thousand people, there is applied the communicational press product, with the aim of inform, educate and to touch the local population in order the preserve the environment and sustainability. The present work, in the initial phase, intends to analyze if the communication strategy developed there through APAjournal is adequate to capacity of reception if the local people - where, according the IBGE, there are 60% of illiterates. As methodological reference, this paper takes the authors Bauer & Gaskell (2002) when they write about qualitative researchers involving text, and emphasizes the analyses of the vehicle contents in question, in the period from January to April in the current year.Este estudo objetiva identificar e analisar como os sujeitos nao indigenas veem os indigenas no contexto das relacoes intergrupais e, particularmente, no contexto do processo de demarcacao e desocupacao da Reserva Indigena Raposa Serra do Sol. A pesquisa de carater quantitativo descritivo foi realizada em um jornal de circulacao nacional e os resultados indicam que as representacoes dos indigenas que circular (ou nao), nos veiculos de midia, transcende o espaco midiatico fazendo eco no espaco social, ou seja, sao as vozes dos atores sociais nao indigenas que ecoam nos espacos midiatizados, que, quando amplificados e legitimados pela midia, se tornam naturalizados, e, mesmo em se tratando de situacoes potencialmente comunicativas, sao validados como contratos de comunicacao.The soap opera is seen by the most part of theBrazilian population as one of the mainproducts of the National television, specificallyif we talk about soap operas made by RedeGlobo de Televisao which owns the know-howto accomplish such productions. The presentarticle concerns about understand in whichmeans fictional identities representations arearticulated by the receptors during thereception process taking up a case study aboutwomen homosexuality representation played inMulheres Apaixonadas soap opera (ManoelCarlos, TV Globo, 2003) as research method.Supporting theoretical references are StuartHall on identity comprehension and MichelFoucault´s contributions on sexuality disciplinaryappliance properly comprehension concerningboth identities and subjectivities.This paper aims at analyzing and iden fying the di erences and similaries between the Canadian broadcast produc ons and the Brazilianones. Then, it will consider the non-speci c codes: ligh ng, costumes,set design and color to illustrate that everything that is shownon the screen has a meaning and, in most of the cases, this secondmeaning appears only through re ec on. Based on the analysis ofnon-speci c codes, this ar cle examines the rst episode of the Braziliansoap opera om&uria, broadcasted by the Globo channel, andthe Canadian soap opera lings&rrows, broadcasted by The ovie etwork.The adoption of hypertext, the spread of search technologies and the expansion of interpersonal communication through websites, blogs and social networks change the product news: he suffers modifications to adapt to cibermeio, assimilating multimidialidade and interactivity. Meanwhile, journalist, ethics and the value of its activity are questioned by the readership. This article examines the phenomenon of structural changes in journalism from the perspective of changes with which - adopting the theoretical framework of constructionism - raise three hypotheses.Embora as projecoes de numerosos autores venhamn apontando para o desenvolvimento iminente e macico das publicacoes virtuais, a realidade mostra que a evolucao progressiva da simples referencia, passando pelo resumo mais ou menos detalhado, ate se chegar a publicacao dos textos completos vem se operando com velocidade menor que a prevista por esses autores. Uma analise da situacao real das publicacoes periodicas eletronicas mostra a necessidade de se aprimorar alguns de seus aspectos, tanto conceituais como economicos e visuais, antes de alcancarem um desenvolvimento semelhante ou superior ao das publicacoes impressas. As facilidades de pesquisa e recuperacao da informacao que oferecem os artefatos ou maquinas de busca dos diversos provedores de informacoes, para identificar eventuais documentos virtuais de interesse, sao tambem, ate o momento, precarias. Sao apontadas linhas de estudo que permitiriam melhorar nao so o nivel de qualidade dos periodicos virtuais, enquanto veiculos da informacao cientifica, mas tambem as facilidades de armazenagem e recuperacao deles contida.artigo aborda a globalizacao em suas diversas interfaces, destacando a sua relacao com as empresas e as organizacoes, principalmente na America Latina. O estudo debate o novo cenario da informacao e o impacto das novas tecnologias, dando enfase a questao da gestao do conhecimento.Atraves de leitura inicial de obras sobre o consumo, busco nesse artigo fazer uma breve revisao de obras seminais sobre o tema. Sao analisadas de maneira introdutoria as obras de Mary Douglas, Colin Campbell, Daniel Miller e Everardo Rocha, teoricos renomados do consumo.Este artigo analisa as abordagens feitas pelas revistas Veja, IstoE, Galileu e Superinteressante sobre a Sindrome do Pânico e se as materias auxiliam ou nao os portadores desse disturbio comportamental. 0 corpus compreende as edicoes publicadas entre os anos de 2003-2005 e que apresentaram reportagens sobre o tema, priorizando a analise qualitativa dessas abordagens. Tratou-se ainda de avaliar os efeitos da mensagem sobre o receptor e as reacoes deste a elas. 0 estudo e parte de pesquisa em desenvolvimento no curso de Jornalismo da Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciencias de Itabuna, no sul da Bahia.The main focus of this article is the oral movement,as a tool and as a communication sphereof popular layers. And preservation of theirculture. An alternative and precious way whenthe subjects don’t have access to the legitimatespeech forms. Including the writing. The presenttext shouts the importance of the tripod: voice,memory and tradition, as bases of continuityand future. There is in the ample literatureabout the oral text, from biblical tradition toSaramago, from the Chinese poems of CheKing to Suassuana, from Guimaraes Rosa toimprovisers, a mix of poets and journalists ofpopular quotidian, their contemporary sourceof inspiration. Voice and gest, rituals and miths,body and imaginary, all of that composing onenarrative that doesn’t end. And, clever, intrude,now, the pores of information channels and,again, find out their veios of the actuality andthe constant overcoming.Neste artigo, objetivamos apontar quais os elementos constitutivos do documentario sao capazes de diferencia-lo de outros generos audiovisuais, como o filme de ficcao e a reportagem jornalistica na TV. Sustentamos que a marca caracteristica do documentario e seu carater autoral, definido como uma construcao singular da realidade, um ponto de vista particular do documentarista em relacao ao que eretratado. Alguns elementos linguistico-discursivos evidenciam esse carater autoral: a maneira como se da voz aos outros, a presenca de parafrases discursivas e um efeito de sentido monofonico. Ainda destacamos a criatividade usada no processo de edicao e montagem como um importante indice de autoria. Tomamos como aparato teorico de analise estudos no campo do Cinema e conceitos do âmbito da Linguistica Textual e da Analise do Discurso.This paper aims to study the public disclosure of science in the process of regional development facing the Metropolitan Region of Vale do Paraiba. This observation takes as its starting point the possibility of transmission of the scientific information through the world wide web, and investigates the potential of this medium to the purpose of communicating science publicly. The reflections herein developed should contribute to the broadening of the debate about the importance and the role of the scientific knowledge in the maturity of an active and representative society with the government. This descriptive study made use of paper sources and survey next to researchers in the region to discuss the intended issues. At the end, the dissertation argues about the social, politic and economic development possibilities of a society whose public communication of science be available and accessible, with special attention to the specificities of the on-line communication, facing the valeparaibana region.

Considerações sobre as relações entre a análise de citação e a pesquisa científica colaborativa

Agencias de fomentos governamentais e organismos internacionais estimulam programas de pesquisas cientificas colaborativas. E um dos principais argumentos sao os seus beneficios para o aumento da produtividade cientifica. Segundo a literatura especializada as colaboracoes cientificas, ao fortalecerem as dimensoes multi e interdisciplinar, potencializam o incremento da producao de inovacoes tecnico-cientificas em diferentes setores. Assim se deu o crescimento do interesse nos indicadores de produtividade das colaboracoes, sendo que os mais difundidos apoiam-se na analise da citacao. Todavia, ate que ponto medicoes baseadas nessa analise nos permitem dimensionar os efeitos das colaboracoes cientificas na producao e no conteudo de conhecimentos cientificos? E, nesse sentido, avaliar o impacto dos programas colaborativos na producao de conhecimentos tecnico-cientificos com potencial inovador para diferentes setores da economia. O objetivo desse trabalho e discutir os limites da analise da citacao para a avaliacao de iniciativas de pesquisa cientifica colaborativa.

Mais trabalho!: a intensificação do labor na sociedade contemporânea

Nasultimassemanas,enquantoaguardavamosodesfechodosegundoturnodaseleicoesmu-nicipaisde2008,embaladasentreoutrosindi-cadorespelosconstantesrecordesnovolumedeempregoscomcarteiraassinada,opaisviveuumaparalisacaonacionaldosbancarios.Seriamaisumagreve,casonaofossesimultâneaacrisedeflagradaporquaseduasdecadasdehegemoniadastesesneoliberaisesuaapologiaadesregulamentacaodosmercados,atransna-cionalizacao e a financeirizacao do capital.Seriamaisumagrevecasosuapautaderei-vindicacoes nao nos permitisse vislumbraralgumascaracteristicasdomundodotrabalhocontemporâneo–asobreposicaodediferentesformasdevinculosedecontratacao,atercei-rizacao,aflexibilizacao,asnovascompetenciaseatribuicoes.EstestemaseeventosestaoemsintoniacomasreflexoesdeSadiDalRosso,emespecialcomoseumaisrecentelivro