Marcio Eduardo Canto Pereira

Morphologic and molecular characterization of Myrciaria spp species

The jabuticaba tree is considered one of the most typical Brazilian fruit trees. However, few studies of this plant are found in the literature and even its botanical classification is very controversial. The present research reports some comparisons between jabuticaba species, using morphologic (organography) and molecular markers techniques. The morphologic characteristics of the plant used as markers were compared with specimens of the herbaria from Sao Paulo and Minas Gerais States and with the descriptions reported in the literature. Molecular differences between the species were identified by the use of RAPD markers. The experiment was made in Piracicaba, Jaboticabal and Ituverava municipal districts in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Morphologic and molecular differences between the studied plants were identified and four groups of species were defined: Myrciaria cauliflora (Mart.) O. Berg, M. coronata Mattos, M. jaboticaba (Vell.) O. Berg. and Myrciaria phytrantha (Kiaersk.) Mattos. Both molecular and morphologic markers techniques showed to be important tools for the identification of jabuticaba tree species.

QUALIDADE DO ABACAXIZEIRO ‘BRS IMPERIAL’ EM FUNÇÃO DE DOSES DE N-K

Pineapple fruit quality is influenced by macronutrients, particularly N and K. This study evaluated the influence of N and K2O doses on physicochemical quality attributes and on the incidence of external and internal defects of ‘BRS Imperial’ pineapple fruits. Four levels of N (0, 160, 320, 550 kg ha-1) and four of K2O (0, 240, 480 and 600 kg ha-1) were tested in a randomized blocks experimental design with five replicates, in a 42 full factorial scheme. The doses of N and K2O influenced all physicochemical variables, except fruit firmness that averaged 10.7 kgf. The N doses reduced titratable acidity (TA) and soluble solids (SS) and increased pH and fruits’ ratio, with average values of 0.31%, 17.9 oBrix, 4.02 and 57.7, respectively, at 550 kg ha-1 of N. The K2O doses increased TA and SS and reduced the ratio of fruit, with average values of 0.41%, 19.4 oBrix and 47.9, respectively, at 600 kg ha-1 of K2O. The pH quadratic response showed the minimum value of 3.95 at 273 kg ha-1 of K2O. Significant Pearson correlations indicated that plants with higher N leaf contents at the time of floral induction produced fruits with lower TA and SS, while plants with higher K leaf contents produced fruits with higher TA and SS. The application of 550 kg ha-1 of N, the fruits showed translucency between 50 and 75% without potassium fertilization and less than 25% at 400 kg ha-1 of K2O.

Acúmulo de macro e micronutrientes nas inflorescências e frutos da lichieira "Bengal"

The accumulation of macro and micronutrients during ‘Bengal’ litchi panicle and fruit development was studied. Panicle and fruits were sampled every one or two weeks. Fruits were separated from panicles since 35 days after anthesis and in pericarp, aril and seed since 77 days after anthesis. Macro and micronutrients were analyzed in each component. The accumulation of macro and micronutrients in panicle and fruit followed, basically, the respective patterns of dry matter accumulation in these organs. The greatest amounts of N and K were found in the panicle. At 112 days after anthesis, the aril was the main local for K (58,6%), P (56,3%), N (43%), S (36,7%) and Cu (43,5%) accumulation. The highest fractions of Ca (75,6%), Fe (71,1%), Mg (47,4%) and Mn (58,1%) were observed in the pericarp and, in the seed, the highest fraction of Zn (34,3%). The order of nutrients exported by fruits at 112 days after anthesis was: K > N > Ca > Mg > P > S > Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu.

ESTUDO E VALORAÇÃO DA ARBORIZAÇÃO DE VIAS PÚBLICAS DO BAIRRO PARQUE DO TREVO NA CIDADE DE ITUVERAVA/SP

O objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar, qualificar, analisar e valorar os beneficios da arborizacao viaria do Bairro Parque do Trevo na cidade Ituverava. Para quantificar, qualificar e analisar a arborizacao foi feito um censo total onde todos os individuos foram amostrados, usando uma ficha contendo os seguintes itens as serem analisados; fiacao ausente ou presente, bifurcacao, presenca de pragas, analise visual da idade, pavimento da calcadas, afloramento da raiz, canteiro, se houve poda, galhos interferindo a rede baixa tensao, cavidades nos tronco e sua base, arvore se inclinando, lesoes de casca, invasao do tronco na pista, brotacao epicornica, elevacao de solo e identificacao de cada especie. Onde foi quantificada aproximadamente a valoracao daquelas arvores naquele ambiente usando dados da literatura existente. Foram encontrados no estudo 466 individuos distribuidos em 43 especies diferentes, onde duas especies (Licania tomentosa e Michelia champaca) representaram mais de 45% dos individuos presentes nas vias publicas, e valor estimado da arborizacao desse bairro foi de aproximadamente 127.218 dolares em um ano levando em conta amenizacao da temperatura no verao e inverno, reducao de dioxido de carbono e particulas suspensas no ar. Conclui-se que a depreciacao dos individuos arboreos, podas inadequadas sao os maiores problemas deste local.

SISTEMAS DE CULTIVO EM MILHO (Zea mays L.) E SEUS EFEITOS RESIDUAIS NOS TEORES DE NUTRIENTES NO SOLO E NA PLANTA

O presente trabalho objetiva avaliar o efeito residual no 7o e 8o ano de quatro sistemas de cultivo, mantidos sob plantio direto, comparados ao sistema de cultivo convencional. O experimento foi desenvolvido nos anos 96/97 e 97/98 em um latossolo vermelho escuro, textura media, na Fazenda Experimental da Faculdade de Ciencias Agrarias e Veterinarias – Universidade Estadual Paulista em Jaboticabal – SP. As caracteristicas agronomicas: indice de area foliar, altura de plantas, massa verde, massa seca, desenvolvimento radicular, massa verde na epoca da ensilagem, producao de graos e peso de 100 graos, foram avaliados nos tratamentos, encontrando diferencas significativas para todas as caracteristicas, exceto producao de graos e area foliar. Neste trabalho, conclui-se que os sistemas de cultivo em milho afetaram significativamente as caracteristicas agronomicas do milho.