Maria Hsia Chang

Human Rights in the People's Republic of China.

This Book Review looks at Chinese human rights developments in light of the aftermath of Tiananmen Square.

Nazionalfascismo and the Revolutionary Nationalism of Sun Yat-sen

This article attempts an assessment of the putative similarities between generic fascism and the revolutionary nationalism of Sun Yat-sen. Whatever characteristics the two ideologies have in common can be traced to similarities between Suns thought and pre-Fascist Italian Nationalism. The latter was only one of the elements that contributed to Italian Fascism. A distinction is then drawn between Suns ideology and that of the Italian Nationalists by identifying the latter nationalism as “exacerbated.” Further distinctions are attempted between such nationalisms and the mature ideology of Italian Fascism. Italian Fascism is viewed as a subspecies of revolutionary nationalism, while revolutionary nationalism itself is understood to include a relatively pacific and potentially democratic species and an exacerbated, potentially authoritarian one.

Wang Yang-ming and the Ideology of Sun Yat-sen

An effective political ideology is invariably the result of the intersection of a number of discrete influences. In the first instance, a political leader is almost always possessed of some set of philosophic and political convictions that he has, for one reason or another, made his own. The ideas of the Epicureans and of John Locke regularly surface in the political thought of Thomas Jefferson, and elements of the thought of Karl Marx, G. W. F. Hegel and N. G. Chernyshevski are mixed inextricably in the political ideology of V. I. Lenin. As much might be said of almost every political leader who makes any pretense at ideological sophistication.

The Taiwan Success Story. Rapid Growth With Improved Distribution in the Republic of China, 1952-1979.@@@Ideology and Development. Sun Yet-sen and the Economic History of Taiwan.

A tamper-proof window unit comprising similar first and second quadrilateral centrally open frame members adapted to be mounted about an opening respectively on opposite sides of a door. Each frame member has a narrow elongated quadrilateral front panel extending generally in a plane parallel to the door and marginally about the door opening with an outer edge portion partially overlapping the door adjacent the opening. A small countersunk front to rear screw hole is provided in each side of front panel of a first frame member and the opening is spaced inwardly from the outer edge of the panel so as to communicate with the door opening. A narrow elongated quadrilateral integral flange extends along and projects rearwardly toward the door from an outer edge of each front panel. A second narrow elongated quadrilateral and generally L-shaped integral flange extends along the inner edge of each front panel with each L-shaped flange comprising first and second panels. The first panel of each L-shaped flange projects generally rearwardly from its associated front panel but at a slight angle of inclination toward the center of the door opening. The second panel projects from the rear or inner edge of the first panel outwardly with respect to the center of the door opening and in a plane generally parallel with the door faces and the front panels.

Maoism and Marxism in Comparative Perspective

A great many curious things have befallen Marxism as an intellectual and political tradition, not the least of which was its adoption by the revolutionary forces under the leadership of Mao Tse-tung. Originally, the Marxism of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels was a eurocentric doctrine that addressed itself to a postindustrial revolution that would liberate society from the disabilities produced by intensive industrialization. For classical Marxism, industrialization produced not only the “idiocy of overproduction,” the inability to effectively distribute the abundance produced by capitalism, but generated restive populations that were “overwhelmingly proletarian.” Capitalist industrialization produced both the circumstances precipitating, and the historic agents responsible for, vast social, economic and political change.