Maria Lucia Maciel

Systems of Innovation and Development

This significant book demonstrates how the ‘systems of innovation’ approach can be utilised to understand the complex interactions between innovation and growth which, in turn, can enhance the prospects of developing nations. Systems of Innovation and Development confronts the challenges and opportunities of the knowledge era, focusing particularly on the new conditions for industrial and technological advancement.

Systems of innovation for development in the knowledge era: an introduction

At the turn of the millennium, as radical transformations affect the ways we produce, reproduce and organize our very existence, the challenges to social and economic development seem, at times, overwhelming. What is the nature of these transformations? What are the interests and forces orienting them? What are the impacts of these transformations on the productive and innovative capacities of developing countries? How can they best face these challenges? What are the policy implications? The aim of this book is to address these questions. In what has come to be known as the ‘Knowledge Era’, the economy is relying on knowledge-based activities much more than ever before. There are at least three, interrelated, main arguments for this: (i) the proportion of labour that handles tangible goods has become smaller than the proportion engaged in the production, distribution and processing of knowledge; (ii) the share of codified knowledge and information in the value of many products and services is significantly increasing; (iii) knowledge-intensive activities are rapidly growing. Obviously, information and knowledge have always been important in human history. But today’s knowledge is more and more codified and the resulting information is more and more incorporated into goods and services. The development and diffusion of a new techno-economic paradigm, centred on information and communications technologies (ICT), have accelerated and deepened both the codification of knowledge and the spread of information. The extent, the velocity and the intensity of these changes have provoked, on one hand, an unbridled and uncritical enthusiasm with the multiple possibilities apparently available to all and, on the other, considerable perplexity as to how this transition actually affects

Ciência aberta, questões abertas

Este livro reune contribuicoes de pesquisadores de diferentes areas e paises, incluindo o Brasil, com significativa atuacao e reflexao no campo da ciencia aberta e colaborativa. O tema da ciencia aberta ganha espaco nao apenas nos ambientes institucionais de ciencia, tecnologia e inovacao, como tambem em outros contextos ate entao a parte dessas atividades, mobilizando outros grupos sociais como interlocutores das praticas cientificas. As transformacoes nas relacoes entre ciencia, tecnologia e sociedade dai decorrentes integram, por sua vez, novas dinâmicas de producao e circulacao do conhecimento, da informacao e da cultura, bem como o novo papel que essas dinâmicas desempenham nos processos contemporâneos de participacao e mudanca social. Espera-se que esta publicacao contribua para apresentar um panorama de temas e questoes que hoje permeiam e delineiam a tematica da ciencia aberta, a partir de perspectivas e pontos de vista diversos; e, sobretudo, para instigar novas reflexoes e provocar novas aberturas nas formas de produzir e circular conhecimento. Ela se dirige, assim, nao apenas ao universo academico, mas tambem a um espectro mais amplo de atores sociais que se preocupam com a democratizacao do conhecimento e da informacao