Maria Luísa Guillaumon Emmel

A dualidade cuidado x educação no cotidiano do berçário

Esse trabalho objetivou verificar conceitos relativos ao cuidar e educar, junto a profissionais de bercario. Foram estudados documentos sobre educacao infantil e realizadas entrevistas e observacoes da pratica de sete profissionais de bercarios, com enfoque nas atividades de cuidados desenvolvidas com as criancas. Os dados foram organizados segundo categorias: funcao do bercario, conceito de educar e de cuidar e sofreram analise qualitativa, permitindo a confrontacao entre o material empirico e o teorico. Os resultados mostraram que os documentos oficiais pouco discutem a fase em questao, deixando imprecisa a relacao entre as atividades de cuidado e seu papel educacional. Essa imprecisao se reflete no discurso das profissionais do bercario. As atividades de cuidados passam a estar contidas na educacao da crianca, na medida em que, na visao das profissionais, tem funcao disciplinadora. Esse aspecto justifica-se pela falta de formacao e pelo fato de vincularem esta atividade as suas experiencias de maes.

Associations among occupational roles, independence, assistive technology, and purchasing power of individuals with physical disabilities

OBJECTIVE to verify whether there are associations among occupational roles, independence to perform Activities of Daily Living, purchasing power, and assistive technology for individuals with physical disabilities. METHOD 91 individuals with physical disabilities participated in the study. The instruments used were: Role Checklist, Brazilian Economic Classification Criterion, Barthel Index, and a Questionnaire to characterize the subjects. RESULTS an association with a greater number of roles was found among more independent individuals using a lower number of technological devices. Higher purchasing power was associated with a lower functional status of dependence. CONCLUSION even though technology was not directly associated with independence, the latter was associated with a greater number of occupational roles, which requires reflection upon independence issues when considering the participation in occupational roles. These findings support interdisciplinary actions designed to promote occupational roles in individuals with physical disabilities.OBJETIVO: teve-se por proposito verificar se existe associacao entre os papeis ocupacionais, a independencia em Atividades da Vida Diaria, o poder aquisitivo e a tecnologia assistiva em sujeitos com deficiencias fisicas. METODO: participaram 91 sujeitos com deficiencia fisica. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Lista de Identificacao de Papeis Ocupacionais, Criterio de Classificacao Economica Brasil, Indice de Barthel e um Formulario de caracterizacao dos sujeitos. RESULTADOS: identificou-se associacao de maior numero de papeis nos sujeitos com maior independencia e menor numero de tecnologias utilizadas. As classes de maior poder aquisitivo mostraram associacao com menor status funcional de dependencia. CONCLUSAO: embora a tecnologia nao estivesse associada diretamente a independencia, essa ultima mostrou associacao com maior numero de papeis ocupacionais, o que requer um olhar para as questoes de independencia, ao se considerar a participacao em papeis ocupacionais. Esses dados fornecem subsidios para acoes interdisciplinares que incentivem a participacao em papeis por pessoas com deficiencia fisica.

Abordagem bioecológica e narrativas orais: um estudo com crianças vitimizadas

A partir de uma analise multifatorial do fenomeno da violencia e respaldando-se em teorias que consideram a importância dos contos de fadas no desenvolvimento emocional infantil, realizou-se esta pesquisa com um grupo composto por tres criancas vitimas de violencia domestica. Os objetivos do estudo foram: descrever o impacto das narrativas dos contos de fadas na emergencia de conteudos emocionais latentes, atraves das verbalizacoes das participantes durante as acoes ludicas, e tracar consideracoes a respeito do contexto em que a crianca se desenvolve. Realizaram-se entrevistas semi-estruturadas com os cuidadores das criancas e intervencoes junto ao grupo, a partir de sessoes de contacao de historias e atividades simbolicas. Os resultados demonstram aspectos do microssistema, exossistema, mesossistema e macrossistema enquanto fatores de risco para a instalacao da violencia. Sugere-se ainda que as narrativas orais possam servir como suporte, reunindo em si um repertorio de elementos que, ocasionalmente, despertam na crianca conteudos relacionados as vivencias pessoais.This study was carried out with a group of children, victims of domestic violence, based on the ecological perspective of multi-factorial analysis of the domestic violence phenomenon and theories that consider the importance of Fairy Tales in childrens emotional development. The objectives were to describe the impact of Fairy Tales in the emergence of latent emotional content from playful actions; set considerations on the context in which the child is raised from an ecological perspective regarding the phenomenon. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with the childrens parents and interventions with the group, sessions of storytelling and symbolic activities, were developed. The research results appoint to the familiar micro-system, exosystem, mesosystem and macro-system as risk factors for domestic violence. The compiled data suggest that oral narratives can work as a support, gathering a repertory of elements that awakes in children content related to their personal experiences.

Assistive Technology Accessibility and Abandonment: Challenges for Occupational Therapists

Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.wmich.edu/ojot Part of the Occupational Therapy Commons, and the Orthotics and Prosthetics Commons Copyright transfer agreements are not obtained by The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy (OJOT). Reprint permission for this article should be obtained from the corresponding author(s). Click here to view our open access statement regarding user rights and distribution of this article. DOI: 10.15453/2168-6408.1166

Mudanças no cotidiano de cuidadores de idosos em processo demencial

As the number of elderly increases due to population aging, the prevalence of chronic degenerative diseases increases significantly. Among these, dementia becomes a risk factor for disability and functional loss and may promote a relationship of increased assistance in daily activities / occupations of the elderly and changes in the daily context of the caregiver. This paper aims to grasp the perception of caregivers of elderly in process of dementia regarding their daily lives, by identifying the status of their occupations / activities arising from care relationships. It is a cross-sectional study, of correlational comparison with quantitative approach. To this end, we selected a sample of 22 caregivers of older adults diagnosed with dementia, six formal caregivers and 16 informal caregivers. For data collection, a list of occupations and a questionnaire to describe caregivers was used. The data showed that informal caregivers devote more time to care activities, with abandonment of several productive daily activities, leisure and personal care activity after taking care. Formal caregivers in these impacts are much smaller, since the activity carefully composes their working life. In both groups, there was a low number of caregivers who are trained for the activity and they reported feeling difficulties in handling and guiding families in care management for the elderly. According to the data obtained in this study and based on the existing literature, the informal caregivers are the primary caregivers and are characterized by having their daily activities amended or replaced by the responsibility of care.

O pátio da escola: espaço de socialização

Este trabalho teve por objetivo realizar um estudo sobre as formas de interacao entre criancas escolares e desenvolver uma programacao de atividades ludicas para serem executadas no patio de uma escola rural da regiao de Sao Carlos (Estado de Sao Paulo), nos horarios de recreio. Aproximadamente 200 criancas na faixa etaria compreendida entre os 7 e 10 anos foram beneficiadas com este programa, que teve a duracao de um ano. Apos a intervencao, cada atividade aplicada foi avaliada segundo sua eficacia no desenvolvimento da competencia social das criancas. Os resultados mostraram que a proposta colocada em pratica atendeu as expectativas, destacando-se, entre outros:1) o crescimento do indice de participacao das criancas a medida que as sessoes de brincadeiras eram oferecidas;2) a progressiva participacao de meninas em brincadeiras tidas como masculinas e da participacao de meninos em brincadeiras rotuladas como femininas; 3) a progressiva permanencia de meninas em areas do patio antes frequentadas exclusivamente por meninos e vice-versa;4) a ocorrencia de interacoes entre os sexos e entre criancas que nao se conheciam;5) o aumento da cooperacao entre os grupos durante as brincadeiras;6) os relatos de professores indicando melhoras no comportamento dentro da sala de aula apos o recreio;7) a diminuicao acentuada dos comportamentos anti-sociais observados no pre teste.

Associação entre papéis ocupacionais, independência, tecnologia assistiva e poder aquisitivo em sujeitos com deficiência física

OBJECTIVE to verify whether there are associations among occupational roles, independence to perform Activities of Daily Living, purchasing power, and assistive technology for individuals with physical disabilities. METHOD 91 individuals with physical disabilities participated in the study. The instruments used were: Role Checklist, Brazilian Economic Classification Criterion, Barthel Index, and a Questionnaire to characterize the subjects. RESULTS an association with a greater number of roles was found among more independent individuals using a lower number of technological devices. Higher purchasing power was associated with a lower functional status of dependence. CONCLUSION even though technology was not directly associated with independence, the latter was associated with a greater number of occupational roles, which requires reflection upon independence issues when considering the participation in occupational roles. These findings support interdisciplinary actions designed to promote occupational roles in individuals with physical disabilities.OBJETIVO: teve-se por proposito verificar se existe associacao entre os papeis ocupacionais, a independencia em Atividades da Vida Diaria, o poder aquisitivo e a tecnologia assistiva em sujeitos com deficiencias fisicas. METODO: participaram 91 sujeitos com deficiencia fisica. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Lista de Identificacao de Papeis Ocupacionais, Criterio de Classificacao Economica Brasil, Indice de Barthel e um Formulario de caracterizacao dos sujeitos. RESULTADOS: identificou-se associacao de maior numero de papeis nos sujeitos com maior independencia e menor numero de tecnologias utilizadas. As classes de maior poder aquisitivo mostraram associacao com menor status funcional de dependencia. CONCLUSAO: embora a tecnologia nao estivesse associada diretamente a independencia, essa ultima mostrou associacao com maior numero de papeis ocupacionais, o que requer um olhar para as questoes de independencia, ao se considerar a participacao em papeis ocupacionais. Esses dados fornecem subsidios para acoes interdisciplinares que incentivem a participacao em papeis por pessoas com deficiencia fisica.

Análisis de la producción científica en Brasil sobre dificultades de aprendizaje: una revisión bibliométrica

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio ha sido analizar la produccion cientifica disponible sobre dificultades de aprendizaje (DA) en Brasil, e identificar las posibles deficiencias teoricas y metodologicas derivadas de la falta de una definicion universal del problema, la posible confusion y la generalizacion de las DA en este pais. Se realizo una revision sistematica de los articulos nacionales publicados entre los anos 2001 y 2011 en las bases de datos SciELO, Lilacs y BVS Adolec Brasil, en funcion del ano de publicacion, diseno metodologico, participantes y area tematica o topico. En un primer momento se obtuvieron 2187 resultados, aunque solo 167 de los articulos diseminados entre las 2187 salidas fueron analizados de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusion. En 2009 se observo el mayor numero de publicaciones, un total de 23. El diseno metodologico utilizado con mayor frecuencia fue el descriptivo de tipo correlacional (43 estudios). En 141 articulos, los participantes de la investigacion eran alumnos y el area tematica mas representada estuvo relacionada con las habilidades de lectura y escritura (27 estudios). Este trabajo ha contribuido a delimitar la investigacion realizada en torno a las DA, en Brasil, en relacion con los criterios de interes mencionados.

UNIVERSIDADE COM ACESSIBILIDADE: ELIMINANDO BARREIRAS E PROMOVENDO A INCLUSÃO EM UMA UNIVERSIDADE PÚBLICA BRASILEIRA.

The objective of this study was to diagnose Sao Carlos Federal University´ structural problems to guarantee the access of disabled people. By means of observation and interviews with students, teachers, employees, visitors, elderly people, people with physical and sensorial disabilities and people with moving difficulties, it was possible to identify the most serious accessibility problems in the campus. The data collected identified architectural obstacles that made accessibility difficult and even impossible in many parts of the campus. Sidewalks and ramps were the most frequent aim of commentaries, either because of their absence or their bad conservation and structural problems (concerning the ramps). The necessity of readaptation of the Universitary Restaurant also seemed to deserve special attention. Moreover, it was pointed the necessity of an educational campaign to make the campus´ users (students, teachers and employees) aware of the correct use of the device installed to make accessibility easier, avoiding its bad use and forming a community of citizens, in which respect to differences is preserved. The sample of participants provided relevant informations that lead to alterations projects that will be carried out in the campus. Key Words: Accessibility, inclusion, architectural obstacles.

Terapia ocupacional: uma profissão relacionada ao feminino

An analysis and description is given for the possible reasons why occupational therapy is seen as a female profession. An analytical narrative-style literature review is offered in conjunction with qualitative data analysis. The entry of women to the workplace was shrouded in stereotypes associated with the female gender, determining typically female professions. The stereotypes of skill in caregiving and tasks that required fine motor skills, kindness, and patience were the qualities required for the first occupational therapists and determined the gendered nature of the profession. Changes in gender stereotypes are today taking place in a context of debates, and this discussion could help garner greater recognition and value for the profession.