Maria Manuel Baptista

Do espaço ao ciberespaço: sobre etnografia e netnografia

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a evolucao das pesquisas em netnografia, a partir da aplicacao de uma analise bibliometrica nas producoes cientificas na area. Para essa analise, optou-se pela utilizacao da base de dados Web of ScienceTM, principalmente pela sua abrangencia ao conter inumeras areas cientificas. Como principais resultados das analises foram identificadas a quantidade de artigos em evolucao atingindo seu apice no ano de 2015, os top journals, paises e autores da tematica e os artigos mais citados que apresentam objetos empiricos distintos, sem problematizar o uso e a adaptacao do metodo etnografico as comunidades on-line. Ao concluir o trabalho, o estudo propoe indicativos de uma agenda de pesquisa para discutir o metodo e suas implicacoes para os estudos das organizacoes e a area que e majoritariamente o campo das pesquisas netnograficas: o marketing.

Unproductive Leisure and Resented Work: A Brief Incursion in Hegel (and in Nietzsche)

In this chapter, we consider the role of leisure according to Hegel through reflecting on the centrality of the Lord/Slave dialectic contrasted with a Nietzschean concept of work and leisure (or otium). We found that while Hegel’s negative concept of leisure is Modern, Nietzsche’s theorisation of otium develops an already postmodern concept. First, we show how Hegel masterfully poses the issue, describing the dialectic which makes work transforming and turns leisure into slavery. Second, we examine the reasons why only work is liberating, describing the dialectical process that occurs in the confrontation between consciousness desiring mutual recognition, without desiring mutual annihilation. Thus, by showing how two conflicting desires of consciences can be resolved through the process of recognition, the final section of this text presents how the desire of a conscience must be suppressed and transformed in work (resented, according to Nietzsche), while the other, the desire of the Lord, is the only acceptable desire, but without the possibility of recognition. Finally, we conclude—in line with Gorz and Lafargue—that it is necessary to rethink the concepts of leisure and work in the light of a new conception of temporality, to discuss the profound political implications that the Hegelian vision of work and leisure still bears on contemporary societies.

Espacios de ocio para jóvenes, de la monitorización a la autogestión

El contexto economico y sociopolitico, y los rasgos que identifican a la juventud, hoy en dia tienen su reflejo en otros ambitos. Uno de ellos lo constituyen los espacios en los cuales el joven invierte su tiempo de ocio, cuya tipologia varia dependiendo del grado de autonomia, participacion y uso de los mismos, coexistiendo una gradacion de espacios que van del polo de la monitorizacion, hasta el polo de la autogestion. En este trabajo avanzamos algunas conclusiones de la investigacion sobre el uso y gestion de espacios para la juventud . Desde un punto de vista sociologico, el cumplimiento de los objetivos planteados remite a una perspectiva de investigacion cualitativa, llevandose a cabo entrevistas en profundidad. El articulo parte de la interpretacion de los discursos recogidos, en base a las valoraciones comunes y diferenciales de cada una de las posiciones. Los resultados senalan que las personas jovenes muestran mayor participacion en espacios donde adquieren una mayor autonomia y oportunidad de autogestion, como son los espacios propios y en menor medida los monitorizados. Los espacios de ocio donde los y las jovenes tienen mayor percepcion de libertad, se sienten mas libres, son aquellos alejados de la vision de los adultos, excepto en los espacios monitorizados donde hay una figura adulta, pero que es cercana y puede ser referente y confidente.

Turismo cultural no contexto urbano: rotas museológicas – Os casos de Aveiro e Ílhavo (Portugal)

This study identifies how crucial are the relationships between cultural resources and touristic attractions, passing through a journey of transmutation that meets two essential requirements: the need for cultural storytelling or information and the need of providing a unique experience to cultural consumers. One of the most successful products, in the relationship between tourism and culture, are museum routes. This ex-post facto study creates a whole cultural-touristic dynamic through museum routes and their planning in urban areas. We also try to encompass the museum activity of Aveiro and Ilhavo in order to protect and promote sociocultural and patrimonial resources. Our main goal consists on the integration of related areas such as tradition, heritage, art, costumes, crafts, ethnography and history by creating a stronger regional cultural touristic product, that we named “Route Museums, Memories and Stories in the Urban Context of Aveiro and Ilhavo”.