Maria Odete Amaral

Risk factors associated with urinary incontinence in Portugal and the quality of life of affected women

To identify risk factors for urinary incontinence (UI) and assess the quality of life (QoL) of affected women.

Quality of life, sleepiness and depressive symptoms in adolescents with insomnia: A cross-sectional study

Objectives To determine the prevalence of insomnia in a sample of Portuguese adolescents and assess its repercussions on HRQoL, daytime sleepiness and depressive symptomatology. Design We carried out a cross-sectional school-based study evaluating students from Viseu. Location Students from twenty-six public secondary schools in the county of Viseu, Portugal. Participants Of 9237 questionnaires distributed, 7581 were collected (82.1%). We excluded from analysis all questionnaires from adolescents younger than 12 or older than 18 years of age (211) and unfilled forms (451). The sample comprised 6919 adolescents, the 7th to 12th grade, from 26 public secondary schools. Interventions None. Measurements Data gathering was done using a self-applied questionnaire. Insomnia was defined based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – IV criteria. HRQoL was evaluated with the Quality of Life Health Survey SF-36, depressive symptomatology with BDI-II and daytime sleepiness with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Results Prevalence of insomnia was 8.3% and the prevalence of adolescents with symptoms of insomnia without daytime impairment (disturbed sleepers) was 13.1%. HRQoL was significantly reduced among adolescents with insomnia compared to normal sleepers (p < 0.001) and even when compared to disturbed sleepers (p < 0.001). There was an increase in daytime sleepiness from normal sleepers to disturbed sleepers and to adolescents with insomnia (p < 0.001). There was also an increase in the prevalence and severity of depressive symptoms (p < 0.001). Conclusions Our results show that insomnia is associated with a significantly lower health related quality of life among adolescents.

Pregnancy and childbirth: What changes in the lifestyle of women who become mothers?

Pregnancy is a period influenced by the interaction of several factors, therefore this study aimed to identify changes in lifestyles due to pregnancy and childbirth in Portuguese and immigrant women in Portugal. This is a qualitative study, using the semi-structured interview, with eighty-two Portuguese and immigrant women. Content analysis was used, with verbatim classification supported by Nvivo 10. It was authorized by an Ethics Commission. Results revealed that the primary changes in lifestyles due to pregnancy were in eating habits (nutrition), daily activity, exposure to danger, sleep and rest patterns, social and family relationships, going out, self-care, work, clothing and footwear, travel, health monitoring and sexual activity and substances consumption. The main change after the birth, manifested by these women, was that their lives began to revolve around their baby.O decurso da gravidez e determinado pela interacao de diversos fatores, pelo que este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as mudancas nos estilos de vida provocadas pela gravidez e pelo parto em mulheres imigrantes e portuguesas. Estudo de natureza qualitativa, exploratorio, que recorreu a entrevista semiestruturada, em oitenta e duas mulheres imigrantes e portuguesas. Foi utilizada a analise de conteudo com a categorizacao do verbatim suportada pelo Nvivo 10. O estudo foi autorizado por uma Comissao de Etica. Os resultados apontaram como principais mudancas ocorridas nos estilos de vida, provocadas pela gravidez, as relacionadas com a alimentacao, atividade diaria, exposicao a perigos, sono e repouso, relacoes sociais e familiares, saidas, cuidado consigo propria, trabalho, vestuario e calcado, viagens, vigilância de saude, vivencias da sexualidade, e consumos. A principal mudanca, apos o parto, manifestada por estas mulheres, foi que a sua vida passou a ser gerida em funcao do bebe.

Tobacco dependence in nursing students

Background: Nursing students should be aware of the harmful effects of smoking as a result of the knowledge acquired throughout their degree. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of tobacco consumption and identify the sociodemographic, academic, and psychological variables associated with tobacco dependence in nursing students. Methodology: Analytical cross-sectional study. Sample of 404 nursing students, 86.1% of female students (M=23.60±6.67 years). Questionnaire composed of sociodemographic and academic variables, the Portuguese versions of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale, the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, and the Eysenck Personality Inventory. Results: Prevalence of tobacco consumption of 25.2%, higher percentage among male students (32.1% vs. 24.1%). Students started smoking at 16.8 years. A high level of dependence was found in 44.4% of the students who started smoking before the age of 15. Tobacco consumption was associated with extroversion and stress. Conclusion: A quarter of the students smoke. Tobacco consumption was associated with psychological variables. Interventions to discourage the consumption of psychoactive substances should be created and implemented.

Gravidez e parto: O que muda no estilo de vida das mulheres que se tornam mães?

Pregnancy is a period influenced by the interaction of several factors, therefore this study aimed to identify changes in lifestyles due to pregnancy and childbirth in Portuguese and immigrant women in Portugal. This is a qualitative study, using the semi-structured interview, with eighty-two Portuguese and immigrant women. Content analysis was used, with verbatim classification supported by Nvivo 10. It was authorized by an Ethics Commission. Results revealed that the primary changes in lifestyles due to pregnancy were in eating habits (nutrition), daily activity, exposure to danger, sleep and rest patterns, social and family relationships, going out, self-care, work, clothing and footwear, travel, health monitoring and sexual activity and substances consumption. The main change after the birth, manifested by these women, was that their lives began to revolve around their baby.O decurso da gravidez e determinado pela interacao de diversos fatores, pelo que este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as mudancas nos estilos de vida provocadas pela gravidez e pelo parto em mulheres imigrantes e portuguesas. Estudo de natureza qualitativa, exploratorio, que recorreu a entrevista semiestruturada, em oitenta e duas mulheres imigrantes e portuguesas. Foi utilizada a analise de conteudo com a categorizacao do verbatim suportada pelo Nvivo 10. O estudo foi autorizado por uma Comissao de Etica. Os resultados apontaram como principais mudancas ocorridas nos estilos de vida, provocadas pela gravidez, as relacionadas com a alimentacao, atividade diaria, exposicao a perigos, sono e repouso, relacoes sociais e familiares, saidas, cuidado consigo propria, trabalho, vestuario e calcado, viagens, vigilância de saude, vivencias da sexualidade, e consumos. A principal mudanca, apos o parto, manifestada por estas mulheres, foi que a sua vida passou a ser gerida em funcao do bebe.

El embarazo y el parto: ¿Qué cambios en el estilo de vida de las mujeres que son madres?

Pregnancy is a period influenced by the interaction of several factors, therefore this study aimed to identify changes in lifestyles due to pregnancy and childbirth in Portuguese and immigrant women in Portugal. This is a qualitative study, using the semi-structured interview, with eighty-two Portuguese and immigrant women. Content analysis was used, with verbatim classification supported by Nvivo 10. It was authorized by an Ethics Commission. Results revealed that the primary changes in lifestyles due to pregnancy were in eating habits (nutrition), daily activity, exposure to danger, sleep and rest patterns, social and family relationships, going out, self-care, work, clothing and footwear, travel, health monitoring and sexual activity and substances consumption. The main change after the birth, manifested by these women, was that their lives began to revolve around their baby.O decurso da gravidez e determinado pela interacao de diversos fatores, pelo que este estudo teve como objetivo conhecer as mudancas nos estilos de vida provocadas pela gravidez e pelo parto em mulheres imigrantes e portuguesas. Estudo de natureza qualitativa, exploratorio, que recorreu a entrevista semiestruturada, em oitenta e duas mulheres imigrantes e portuguesas. Foi utilizada a analise de conteudo com a categorizacao do verbatim suportada pelo Nvivo 10. O estudo foi autorizado por uma Comissao de Etica. Os resultados apontaram como principais mudancas ocorridas nos estilos de vida, provocadas pela gravidez, as relacionadas com a alimentacao, atividade diaria, exposicao a perigos, sono e repouso, relacoes sociais e familiares, saidas, cuidado consigo propria, trabalho, vestuario e calcado, viagens, vigilância de saude, vivencias da sexualidade, e consumos. A principal mudanca, apos o parto, manifestada por estas mulheres, foi que a sua vida passou a ser gerida em funcao do bebe.

Cuidado de la salud a mujeres embarazadas imigrantes y portuguesas en Portugal

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la asistencia sanitaria recibida y las barreras que enfrentan las madres inmigrantes y portuguesas en Portugal. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, exploratorio, con entrevista semiestructurada que se aplico a 60 mujeres inmigrantes y 22 portuguesas. Se utilizo el analisis de contenido apoyado por el programa QSR Nvivo10. El estudio fue aprobado por un Comite de Etica. Los resultados mostraron cuatro categorias: las relacionadas con las dimensiones afectivas y relacionales, con la politica, la tecnica instrumental y el cuidado de la salud cognitiva de las embarazadas. Se han mencionado las barreras en el cuidado de la salud por algunas embarazadas, sobre todo inmigrantes. La gran mayoria de las mujeres embarazadas tanto inmigrantes como portuguesas, se encontraban satisfechas con la atencion de la salud.This study aimed to assess the care received and the barriers faced by immigrants and Portuguese pregnant women in Portugal. This is an exploratory qualitative study, resorting to applying semi-structured interviews to 60 immigrant and 22 Portuguese women. Content analysis supported by QSR Nvivo10 program was used. The study was approved by an Ethics Committee. The results showed four categories related to affective dimensions-relational, cognitive, technical-instrumental and health care policy for pregnant women. As for the barriers in health care, these were mentioned by some of the expectant mothers, especially immigrant women. Almost all, both immigrant and Portuguese, pregnant women were satisfied with the health care.

Health care to immigrant and Portuguese pregnant women in Portugal

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la asistencia sanitaria recibida y las barreras que enfrentan las madres inmigrantes y portuguesas en Portugal. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, exploratorio, con entrevista semiestructurada que se aplico a 60 mujeres inmigrantes y 22 portuguesas. Se utilizo el analisis de contenido apoyado por el programa QSR Nvivo10. El estudio fue aprobado por un Comite de Etica. Los resultados mostraron cuatro categorias: las relacionadas con las dimensiones afectivas y relacionales, con la politica, la tecnica instrumental y el cuidado de la salud cognitiva de las embarazadas. Se han mencionado las barreras en el cuidado de la salud por algunas embarazadas, sobre todo inmigrantes. La gran mayoria de las mujeres embarazadas tanto inmigrantes como portuguesas, se encontraban satisfechas con la atencion de la salud.This study aimed to assess the care received and the barriers faced by immigrants and Portuguese pregnant women in Portugal. This is an exploratory qualitative study, resorting to applying semi-structured interviews to 60 immigrant and 22 Portuguese women. Content analysis supported by QSR Nvivo10 program was used. The study was approved by an Ethics Committee. The results showed four categories related to affective dimensions-relational, cognitive, technical-instrumental and health care policy for pregnant women. As for the barriers in health care, these were mentioned by some of the expectant mothers, especially immigrant women. Almost all, both immigrant and Portuguese, pregnant women were satisfied with the health care.

Cuidados de saúde a gestantes imigrantes e portuguesas em Portugal

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la asistencia sanitaria recibida y las barreras que enfrentan las madres inmigrantes y portuguesas en Portugal. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, exploratorio, con entrevista semiestructurada que se aplico a 60 mujeres inmigrantes y 22 portuguesas. Se utilizo el analisis de contenido apoyado por el programa QSR Nvivo10. El estudio fue aprobado por un Comite de Etica. Los resultados mostraron cuatro categorias: las relacionadas con las dimensiones afectivas y relacionales, con la politica, la tecnica instrumental y el cuidado de la salud cognitiva de las embarazadas. Se han mencionado las barreras en el cuidado de la salud por algunas embarazadas, sobre todo inmigrantes. La gran mayoria de las mujeres embarazadas tanto inmigrantes como portuguesas, se encontraban satisfechas con la atencion de la salud.This study aimed to assess the care received and the barriers faced by immigrants and Portuguese pregnant women in Portugal. This is an exploratory qualitative study, resorting to applying semi-structured interviews to 60 immigrant and 22 Portuguese women. Content analysis supported by QSR Nvivo10 program was used. The study was approved by an Ethics Committee. The results showed four categories related to affective dimensions-relational, cognitive, technical-instrumental and health care policy for pregnant women. As for the barriers in health care, these were mentioned by some of the expectant mothers, especially immigrant women. Almost all, both immigrant and Portuguese, pregnant women were satisfied with the health care.